hnizmk§fpsS hN\w (A1)

 

(]Xn¸v 1.0 19991026þ19991026 )

BZy \qäm­­n hn. {KÙw kw_Ôn¨v At¸mkvXe·mÀ ssIs¡m­­ \ne]mSnsâ kw£n]vX cq]amWnXv. ss__nÄ hN\§sf AXnsâ bpànbpàXtbmSpw hyàXtbmSpw IqSn ChnsS AhXcn¸n¡p¶p. CXn ssZhXzw, ]m]hntamN\ ]²Xn, a\pjysâ D¯chmZnXzs¯ kw_Ôn¨ kn²m´§Ä, aninlmsb kw_Ôn¨ kn²m´§Ä, Xn·bpsS {]iv\§Ä, k`, ssZhcmPyw F¶n§s\ Gg[ymb§fp­w. ]pcmX\ {InkvXpaXhpw B[p\nI {InkvXpaXhpw X½nepÅ AIes¯ kw_Ôn¨ tNmZy§sf ]cmaÀin¡p¶ Hcp BapJhpw CXn\­v. IqSmsX {XoXzhmZkn²m´§sf ]cntim[n¡p¶ Hcp A\p_Ôhpw tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.

{InkvXpaX¯nsâ hnizmk§fpsS samgn

Cu eLp kvXIw hnÂ]\bv¡pÅXÃ.
s]mXp XmÂ]cyw IW¡nseSp¯pÅ kuP\y hnZym`ymk tkh\amWnXv.

ISBN 0 646 20506 4

]IÀ¸hImiw (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997

P O Box 369, WODEN ACT 2606, AUSTRALIA

H¶mw ]Xn¸v HmKÌv 1994

c­mw ]Xn¸v s^{_phcn 1995

aq¶mw ]Xn¸v Pq¬ 1996

\memw ]Xn¸v amÀ¨v 1997

DÅS¡w

BapJw
 
A[ymbw 1: ssZhkzcq]w

1.1 ]nXmhmb ssZhw

1.2 ssZh]p{X\mb tbip

1.3 ]cnip²mßmhv

1.4]cnip²mßmhn\v {InkvXphpw a\pjyhwihpambpÅ _Ôw

1.5 {InkvXp, km¯m³, tZhZqX³ F¶nhÀ¡v ssZhhpambpÅ _Ôw

1.5.1 {InkvXp ssZh]p{X\msW¶ \nebnÂ

1.5.2 A´n {InkvXphnsâ kn²m´w

1.5.3 ssZh¯nsâ \mahpw ]cam[nImchpw

A[ymbw 2: ]m]hntamN\¯n\pÅ ]²Xn

2.1 a\pjyhÀK¯nâ ]X\w

2.2 a\pjyhÀK¯nâ ]m]tamN\w

2.3 hnip² {KÙw ssZh\nthinXsa¶ \nebnÂ

2.4 ]Ým¯m]hpw am\km´chpw

2.5 Úm\kv\m\w

A[ymbw 3: a\pjysâ D¯chmZnXzs¯ kw_Ôn¨ kn²m´§Ä

3.1 {]mÀ°\bpw Bcm[\bpw

3.1.1 {]mÀ°\bv¡pw Bcm[\bv¡pw ]m{XamIp¶ ssZhw

3.1.1.1 Bcm[\m ]m{Xw

3.1.1.2 {]mÀ°\m ]m{Xw

3.1.1.3 aäpÅhÀ¡p th­­n Häbv¡pw Iq«mbpapÅ {]mÀ°\

3.2 ]m]tamN\hpw \nbahpw X½nepÅ _Ôw

3.2.1 ssZhw \½psS ]mdbmIp¶p

3.2.2 ssZhIr]bmepÅ ]m]apàn

3.2.3 \nba¯n³ IognepÅ D¯chmZnXz§Ä

3.2.3.1 F´psIm­­v {InkvXym\nIÄ \nbaw ]men¡p¶p ?

3.2.3.2 {InkvXym\nIÄ ssZh¯nsâ Bebsa¶ \nebnÂ

3.2.4 ]¯p IÂ]\IÄ

3.2.5 a\pjysâ s]cpamäw kw_Ôn¨ aäp \nba§Ä

3.2.5.1 `£Ww kw_Ôn¨ \nba§Ä

3.2.5.2 im_¯v

3.2.5.3 \hN{µ³amÀ

3.2.5.4 hmÀjnI Ah[n Zn\§Ä

3.2.5.5. hnhmlw

3.2.6 ]W¯nsâ taÂt\m«w

3.2.6.1 ssZh¯ntebv¡v

3.2.6.2 aäpÅhcntebv¡v

3.2.7 Btbm[\hpw k½XnZm\hpw

3.2.7.1 Btbm[\w

3.2.7.2 k½XnZm\w

A[ymbw 4: aninlmsb kw_Ôn¨ kn²m´§Ä

4.1 {InkvXphnsâ BZyw apX¡pÅ \ne\n¸v

4.2 Ipcninteäepw DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¸pw

4.3 {InkvXphnsâ c­­mw hchv

4.4 {InkvXphnsâ ]p\cmKa\s¯ XpSÀ¶pÅ kphÀWbpKw

A[ymbw 5: Xn·bpsS {]iv\§Ä

5.1 kzÀ¤ZqXhyql§fpsS Iem]¯neqsS Xn·bpsS IS¶p hchv

5.2 ]qÀh\nÝnXs¯¡pdn¨pÅ kn²m´§Ä

5.3 acWs¸«hcpsS AhØ

5.4 acn¨hÀ¡pÅ ]p\cp°m\w

5.5 A[À½nIÄ¡pÅ in£

A[ymbw 6: k`

6.1 k` F¶m F´v? AYhm Bcv?

6.2 k`bpsS cq]LS\

6.3 k`bpsS e£yhpw [À½hpw

6.4 hnip²oIcWw

A[ymbw 7: ssZhcmPyw

7.1 ssZhcmPyØm]\w

7.1.1 BßobtZiw

7.1.2 {InkvXphnsâ bpKm´c hmgvN

7.1.2.1 aninlmbpsS Xncn¨phchv

7.1.2.2 C{ktbensâ ]p\sscIyw

7.1.2.3 IÀ¯mhnsâ Znhkw

7.1.3. \nXyamb ssZhcmPyw

7.1.3.1 ssZh¯nsâ hchv

7.1.3.2 ]pXnb `qanbpw ]pXnb sbdpkteapw

7.1.3.3 a\pjyhÀK¯nsâ `mhn

A\p_Ôw

===========================================================================================

BapJw

{Ko¡v XXzNn´sb ASnØm\am¡nbXpw \h ¹mtämWnkhpambn _Ôs¸«Xpamb Hcp ssZhimkv{X hyhØtbmSp tNÀ¶mWv ]Xnt\gp \qäm­­pIfmbn {InkvXpaXw \nesIm­pt]m¶n«pÅXv. ss__nfnsâ GI`mhm[njvTnXamb emfnXyw ]peÀ¯p¶ ktµihpw \nba§fnepambn ssZhw a\pjy\p \ÂInb shfn]mSnsâ HuNnXyhpw A¶s¯ `uXnItemI¯n A[nImchpw ta[mhn¯hpw t\Sm³th­­n hfs¨mSn¡¸SpIbpw Xakv¡cn¡s¸SpIbpw sNbvXn«p­v.

\n¡mbnb (325 F Un), ethmUnknb (366 F Un), tIm¬Ìmânt\¸nÄ (381 F Un), ImÂknU¬ (451 F Un) F¶o Iu¬knepIÄ cq]w \ÂInbsX¶p IcpXs¸Sp¶ ss__nÄ LS\bmbncp¶p AXnsâ ]cnWX ^ew. Bßob amÀK¯neqsS ssZhs¯ AdnbpI F¶ coXnsb Cu ]pXnb LS\ amänadn¡pIbpw ssZh¯nsâ {XnXz kz`mhs¯ apt¶m«p hbv¡pIbpw sNbvXp. ethmUnknb Iu¬kn (\nbaw 29) im_¯v Akm[phm¡pIbpw RmbÀ Bcm[\ sXm«v Unkw_dnse kqtcymÕhw hscbpÅ hn{Kl]qPmtLmj§Ä \S¸nem¡pIbpw sNbvXp. s]klm s]cp¶mfn\p ]Icw D°m\Zn\mNcWhpw (CuÌÀ) GÀs¸Sp¯n. ss__nfnsâ LS\sb a\Ênem¡pIbpw hymJym\n¡pIbpw sNt¿­­ coXnIfpw amänadn¡s¸«p. ssZhw tami¡p \ÂInb \nba§Ä¡v bmsXmcp {]kànbpw CÃmXmbn. am{Xaà \nehnepÅ hn{Klmcm[\m k{¼Zmb§sf km[qIcn¡pw hn[w ]pXnb \nba¯nse hmIy§Ä¡v hymJym\hpw Nabv¡s¸«p.

DZmlcWambn At¸mkvXe {]hr¯nIfn ]¯mat¯Xpw aäp Nne `mK§fpw sXämbn hymJym\n¨v ss__nfnse `£W \nba§Ä Hgnhm¡s¸«p. a\pjysâ BtcmKy¯n AXnsâ ^ew DS\Sn kw`hn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. F´mbmepw              c­­mbnct¯mfw hÀj§Ä Ignbpt¼mÄ am{Xambncn¡pw ]cnØnXnbn CXp­­m¡p¶ A´na ^ew shfns¸SpI. ss__nfnse \nbaw \njn²am¡nbn«pÅ ]e `£yhkvXp¡fpw a\pjyÀ Ign¡m³ XpS§nXmWv Hcp henb Afhphsc `£y irwJebpsS XIÀ¨bv¡v ImcWw.

N{µsâ ]s¯m³]Xv hÀj ]cnhr¯nbpambn _Ôs¸«n«pÅ `uanI km_¯ns³d Pq_nenhyhØ ]men¡mXncp¶XpsIm­v kw`hn¨ A[x]X\w aqeap­mb `uanI k¼¯ns³d \mi\ã¯ns³d tXmXv AdnbWsa¦n `qan D]tbmmKiq\yambn Xocp¶ AhØbnse¯Ww. {]IrXnbpsS k´pe\¯n\p th­­n ssZhw GÀs¸Sp¯nb {Ia§fpw ]cnhr¯nIfpw kw_Ôn¨ [mcWIsf \in¸n¡p¶Xn\p th­­nbpÅ Hcp {][m\ NphSphbv]mbncp¶p kuc Ie­­À GÀs¸Sp¯nbXv.

B[p\nI {InkvXpaX¯n\v bYmÀ° {InkvXpaXhpambn s]mXphn \maam{Xamb _ÔtabpÅq. {Ko¡v ssZh imkv{X hyhØ bqtdm¸nepw ]Ýntajybnepw cq]w \ÂInb sXämb {InkvXy³ hyhØbpsS t\cn«pÅ ^eambncp¶p CÉmansâ DÛhhpw ]n¶oSv CÉmapambp­­mb bp²§fpw. {InkvXpaX¯nse B[p\nI {InkvXpaXamIs«, bqtdm¸nepw ]Ýntajybnepap­mb sXÁmb ssZh¯nsâ ss{XIXzs¯ Bkv]Zam¡nbpÅ I¸tUmjy³ ssZhimkv{Xambncp¶p {Ko¡v ssZhimkv{X hyhØbv¡v Ahew_w.

{XnXzkn²m´w icn¡pw ]dªm kw`hyaÃ.  sXämb Cu kn²m´w 17 \qäm­pItfmfw \ne\n¶Xnsâ ]cnWX ^ew Cu `qan GXm­v \mi¯nsâ h¡nse¯pIbpw ss__nÄ \nba§sf A\pkcn¡m³ bYmÀ°¯n {ian¡p¶hÀ ]oUn¸n¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿pI F¶Xmbncp¶p.

ss__nfnsâbpw tbip{InkvXp, At¸mkvXe·mÀ F¶nhcpsS Iogn \ne\n¶ ]pXnb \nbas¯ ASnØm\am¡nbpÅ k`bptSbpw bYmÀ° ktµiw AXns³d X\nabn thÀXncn¨v efnXambpw hyàambpw FSp¯pIm«pI F¶XmWv Cu IrXnbpsS e£yw. hfsc Imeambn {]Ncn¸n¨p hcp¶ ]e sI«pIYItfbpw Cu IrXn shÃphnfn¡pIbpw \new]cnim¡pIbpw sN¿psa¶Xn kwibanÃ. Ignbp¶{X ss__nÄ hmIy§fpsSbpw AhbpÄs¡mÅp¶ hnhcW§fpsSbpw Hcp ]c¼c F¶ coXnbnemWv Cu IrXn cNn¡s¸«n«pÅXv. Hmtcm {]kvXmh¯n\pw Dt]mXv_eIamb ss__nÄ `mK§Ä D²cn¡pIbpw sNbvXn«p­vv. AXn\m Cu IrXn ZpcqlXbnÃm¯Xpw Bib hyàX DÅXpambn ]cnKWn¡s¸Sp¶p. Ignbp¶{X CS§fnepw ss__nfnse {]kà `mK§Ä ]qÀWambn¯s¶ D²cn¨n«p­­v. C¶v km[mcWambn«pÅXp t]mse kµÀ`¯n \n¶v ASÀ¯nsbSp¯v D²cn¡pItbm sXäm coXnbn D²cn¡pItbm sN¿mXncn¡m³ XnIª Pm{KX ]peÀ¯nbn«p­­v. Nne ss__nÄ `mK§Ä kv]ãambn¯s¶ hymPamIp¶p. (DZm:1 tbml. 5:7 sI sP hn, 1 Xntam¯n. kwlnX Fbn \n¶pÅ 3:16 sI sP hn). Asæn Nne sXämb XÀPpaItfm (1 sImdn 15:28 BÀ Fkv hn, shfn 3:14 F³ sF hn XpS§nbh AXn NneXp am{XamWv) hymJym\§tfm Bbncn¡pw. ss{XXz kn²m´s¯tbm I¸tUmjy³ hyhØsbtbm ]n´pWbv¡pIbmsW¶v ss__nÄ F¶ tXm¶epfhm¡pIbmWv ChbpsS e£yw.

aninlm ho­­pw hs¶¯pt¼mÄ ko\mbn h¨v tamibv¡\phZn¨ \nba hyhØIÄ AXnsâ ]qÀWXbn Xs¶At±lw ho­­pw AhXcn¸n¡pw. ss__nÄ hyhØ sN¿p¶ PohnXcoXnbpw Bcm[\m k{¼Zmbhpw Xncn¨dnbpIbpw {]mhÀ¯nIam¡pIbpw sN¿pI F¶Xv FÃm {InkvXym\nIfptSbpw _m[yXbmWv. tbip{InkvXphnsâ PohnXw A\pIcn¡pI F¶Xpw {InkvXp Hcp a\pjys\¶ \nebnepw AhXmc ]pcpjs\¶ \nebnepw ImWn¨ncp¶ PohnXhyhØsb ]n³]äpI F¶Xpw {InkvXym\nbpsS ISabmIp¶p. ss__nfns\ AXnsâ ka{KXbnepw hyàXbnepw AhXcn¸n¡m³ kaÀ¸nXamWv Cu IrXn. ]Xnt\gp \qäm­­pIfmbn \ne\n¡p¶ sXämb hyhØnXnsb XpS¨p\o¡pIbpw ss__nÄ A\phZn¡p¶ bYmÀ°hpw kXykÔhpamb PohnXcoXn ]n´pScm³ P\§sf, AhÀ ]­v Fs´ms¡ A\phZn¨ncp¶mepw Blzm\w sN¿pIbpamWv Cu IrXnbpsS e£y§Ä. sXämb ]mX XpSÀ¶p h¶hsc ]Ým¯]n¸n¡pIbpw ]pXnsbmcp PohnXssienbnte¡v sIm­phcnIbpamWv R§fpsS ZuXyw..

A[ymbw 1

ssZhXXzw

1.1 ]nXmhmb ssZhw

Cu {]]©¯nsâ ]caamb s]mcpÄ ssZhamWv. Ah³ kÀhià\mIp¶p. kzÀKt¯bpw ‘qantbbpw AhbnepÅ FÃm hkvXp¡tfbpw \ne\nÀ¯p¶Xpw Ah\mIp¶p (DÂ]¯n 1.1;s\slay 9:6; k¦oÀ 124;sbi¿mhp 40:26,28;44:24;At¸mkvXe {]hr¯nIÄ 14:15; 17:24-25; shfn]mSv 14:7) Ah³ am{XamWv A\izc³.

Ah³ \½psS ssZhhpw ]nXmhpamWv; tbip{IkvXphnsâ ssZhhpw ]nXmhpamWv (tbml¶m³ 20:17). Ah³ AXyp¶X\mb ssZhhpw (DÂ]¯n 14:18; kwJym 24:16; BhÀ¯\ ]pkvXIw 32:8; amÀt¡mkv 5:7) GI kXy ssZhhpamIp¶p.

1.2 ssZh]p{X\mb tbip

tbip kÀh krjvSn¡pw aps¼bpÅ BZyPmX\mIp¶p. (sImsem 1:15) AXn\m Ah\mIp¶p ssZhkrjvSnbpsS XpS¡w (shfn]mSv 3:14). Ah³ ssZh¯n \n¶pw PmX\mb Htcsbmcp ]p{X\mIp¶p.   (a¯mbn 3:17; tbml¶m³ 1:18; tbml¶m³ 4:9). ]cnip²mßmhnsâ Ir]bm I\ymadnb¯n \n¶p ]nd¶h³ (eq¡v 1:26þ35). Ah\mWv {InkvXp AYhm aninlm (a¯mbn 16:16; tbml¶m³ 1:41). ssZhw \½psS c£I\mbpw ]m]hntamNI\mbpw Ahs\ ]dªb¨ncn¡p¶p (a¯mbn 14:33; tbml¶m³ 8:42; Fs^kyÀ 1:7; Xnt¯mkv 2:14) AXyp¶X\mb ssZh¯nsâ ]p{Xs\¶v Ah³ hnfn¡s¸Sp¶p (amÀt¡mkv 5:7). acn¨hcn \n¶v DbnÀs¯gpt¶ÁXphgn ]cnip²mßmhns³d hnip²n Bhnjv¡cn¨ Ah³ ssZh]p{X\mbn ap³Iq«n \nÀ®bn¡s¸«h\mWv. (tdma 1:4). ZmhoZnsâ knwlmk\w Ah\v sImSp¯ncn¡p¶p. Ah³ bmt¡m_v {Kl¯n\v Ft¶¡pw cmPmhmbncn¡pw. Ahsâ cmPy¯n\v Ahkm\ap­mbncn¡pIbnà (eqt¡mkv 1:32).

1.3 ]cnip²mßmhv

sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ¡mbn {InkvXp hmKvZm\w sNbvX ssZh¯nsâ ssNX\yw Asæn iàn Xs¶bmWv ]cnip²mßmhv (tbml¶m³ 16:7). CXv Hcp hyànbà ssZh¯nsâ kPohamb iànbpsS _mlymhnjv¡mcamWv.  Ah³ aptJ\ \mw Hmtcmcp¯cpw ]cnip²mßmhn\m \ndbv¡s¸« ssZhoI {]IrXnbn  `mK`m¡mhp¶p F¶mWv AXnsâ AÀ°w (2 ]t{Xmkv 1:4). AXn\m FÃmhcpw ssZh¯nsâ ]p{X·mcmIp¶p. Aht\msSm¸w AhIminIfpamIp¶p.  ssZhw Xt¶mSp bmNn¡p¶hcpw Xs¶ A\pkcn¡p¶hcpamb FÃmhÀ¡pw ]cnip²mßmhns\ \ÂIp¶p (eqt¡mkv 11:9-13). ssZh¯ns³d {]amW§Ä ]men¡p¶hcn ]cnip²mßmhv IpSnsImÅp¶p (1 tbm 3:24 A¸. 5:37).  ]cnip²mßmhv ssZh¯nsâ tkhIsc \nXyamb kXy¯nte¡v \bn¡p¶p (tbml¶m³ 14:16, 17, 26). ssZh¯nsâ km£nIfmIm\pÅ iàn ]cnip²mßmhv a\pjy\p \ÂIp¶p (At¸mkvXe {]hr¯n 1:8)1 sImdn´yÀ 12:7-11- tcJs¸Sp¯nb t]mse AXv \ap¡v IgnhpIfpw KemXyÀ 5:22-23- Âhnhcn¨Xp t]mse AfhnÃm¯ ^e§fpw \ÂIp¶p (tbml¶m³ 3:34, tdma 12:6). ssZhw kIe¯nepw kIeambncnt¡­Xn\pÅ D]m[nbmWXv (1 sImdn. 15:28, Fs^kyÀ 4:6).

1.4 ]cnip²mßmhn\v a\pjyhÀ¤hpambpÅ _Ôw

Úm\kv\m\¯n\p ap¼p apX Xs¶ ]ncnip²mßmhv \½n {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p. {InkvXp hgn AXv Hmtcm hyIvXntbbpw ssZht¯mSv ASp¸n¡p¶p (F{_mbÀ 7:5).

]cnip²mßmhnsâ BZyZm\w a\pjy\p e`n¡p¶Xv Úm\kv\m\ thfnemWv. tdmaÀ 8:23 hyàam¡nbn«pÅXp t]mse icoc¯nsâ hos­Sp¸p hsc \mw Zs¯Sp¡s¸Sp¶nÃ. A§s\ ho­pw P\n¡s¸Sp¶ \mw ssZh¯nsâ alXz¯n F¯ns¸Sp¶Xp hsc ]cnip²mßmhn Zn\w tXmdpw {InkvXphn \mw hfÀ¶p sIm­ncn¡p¶p.

]cnip²mßmhv kXy¯nsâ Bßmhp Xs¶bmIp¶p (1 tbml¶m³ 4:6, 5:6). A§s\ \mw FÃm¯nepapÅ kXyw kwkmcn¨psIm­v {InkvXp F¶ \½psS Xetbmfw kIeXnepw {]XnZn\w hfcm³ CSbmIp¶p (Fs^kyÀ 4:15). ]cnip²mßmhv ssZh¯nsâ Bßmhpw (tdmaÀ 8:14) hnizmk¯nsâ Bßmhpw (2 sImdn´yÀ 4:13) BIp¶p. AXv FÃm hkvXp¡tfbpw At\zjn¡pIbpw FÃm¯nt\bpw AdnbpIbpw sN¿p¶p (1 sImdn 2:10-11, 12:3 FF)

]cnip²mßmhv F¶Xv {XnXz¯nsâ kzX{´amb LSIaÃ. \mw Ctemlnan (btlmh) F¯ns¸Sp¶Xn\pÅ Hcp amÀKamIp¶p AXv (k¡dnb 12:8). \½psS Nn´Isf¸änbpw \s½¸än¯s¶bpw ]cnip²mßmhv ssZhs¯ Adnbn¡pw. btlmhbnte¡pÅ amÀK¯n \s½ klmbn¡m\pw ]Tn¸n¡m\pw Bizkn¸n¡m\pw AXv {InkvXphns\ {]m]vX\m¡p¶p. A§s\ ssZhw \ÂInb iàn D]tbmKn¡m³ \t½bpw {]m]vXcm¡p¶p (k¦oÀ¯\§Ä 45:6-7; k¡dnb 12:8, F{_m 1:3-9). 1 sImdn´ycn hnhcn¨Xp t]mse Hmtcm hyàn¡pw Hmtcmcp¯\v Bhiyamb hn[w ssZh¯nsâ B{Klw ]cnip²mßmhv ]IÀ¶p \ÂIp¶p.

Bßmhns\ AhKWn¡p¶h\pw BIpe\mIp¶h\pw AhKWn¡s¸Sp¶Xp sIm­v Bßmhv sI«pt]mIp¶p. (sXÊ5:19) A§s\ Hmtcmcp¯À¡pw t\«hpw tIm«hpw kw`hn¡pw. (F^:4:30).

Bßmhnsâ ^ew kvt\lamsW¶v Kem: 5:22 ]dbp¶p. AXmbXv \½Ä ]ckv]cw kvt\ln¡p¶nsæn \n§fn ]cnip²mßmhnsâ km¶n[yap­mhpIbnÃ.

^nen¸nbÀ 3:3- ]dªXpt]mse \ap¡v ssZhs¯ Bcm[n¡m\pÅ am[yaamIp¶p Bßmhv. AXn\m Bcm[y hkvXp F¶ \nebn AXv ssZhamIpIbnÃ. ssZh¯n\v Xpey\pw BhpIbnÃ. {InkvXphn\v AXv iàn ]Icp¶p. A§s\ {InkvXp F¶pw \ne\n¡p¶ ]nXmhmIp¶p (sbi¿mhp9:6) kzÀK¯nepw ‘`qanbnepw ]e ]nXrXz§fpapÅXn ssZh \ntbmK¯n {InkvXp \nXy ]nXmhmbn¯ocp¶p.

CuZri kIe ]nXrXz§fpw Asæn IpSpw_§fpw ]nXmhmb ssZh¯ns³d \ma¯nepÅXpw AXpsIm­p Xs¶ \½Ä ]nXmhnsâ k¶n[nbn ap«pIp¯pIbpw ]nXmhns\ Bcm[n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (Fs^3:14-15).

krjvSnIfn BZy PmX\pw BZyw cq]saSp¯h\pw {InkvXphmWv. kzÀK¯nepw ‘`qanbnepw DÅXpw ZriyambXpw AZriyambXpw knwlmk\§Ä BIs« IÀXrXz§Ä BIs« hmgvNIÄ BIs« A[nImc§Ä BIs« kIehpw Ah³ hgnbmbpw Ah\p th­nbpw krjvSn¡s¸Sp¶p. Ah³ kIe¯n\pw aps¼bpÅh\pw kIet¯bpw _Ôn¸n¨p \ndp¯p¶h\pamIp¶p (sImsem1:16-17). ]t£ ssZhamWv Ahs\ krjvSn¨Xv. FÃm krjvSnIfpw {InkvXphn ØnXn sN¿Wsa¶Xpw hr²nt\SWsa¶Xpw ssZh¯nsâ CÑbmIp¶p. AXn\m {InkvXp HcÀ°¯nepw ssZhaÃ. ]nXmhmb ssZhw am{XamIp¶p ssZhw. AaÀ¯yXbpÅh\pw \nXyXbn \ne\n¡p¶h\pw Ah³ am{XamWv. (1Xntam :16).

{InkvXym\nIÄ tkh\\ncXhpw kaÀ¸nXhpamb Hcp PohnXw \bn¡m³ hnfn¡s¸«hcmWv. hnfn¡s¸«hÀ At\IcmsW¦nepw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ Npcp¡amIp¶p (a¯mbn 2:16, 22:14). {InkvXp ssZh¯ns³d sXcsªSp¡s¸«hs\¶Xp t]mse {InkvXym\nIfpw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcmIp¶p (eqt¡m23:35). ssZh¯nsâ \nÀt±i {]ImcamWv (1]t{Xmkv2:4) Ahsc sXcsªSp¯ncn¡p¶Xv (tbml6:70; 15:16, 19).

k` k`sb klbn¡m\mbmWv k` Xs¶bmb sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ¡v ssZh¯nsâ \nKqV clky§sf¡pdn¨pÅ [mcW ssZhw \ÂInbn«pÅXv. ssZh¯nsâbpw ssZhcmPy¯nsâbpw aÀ½w k`bv¡p \ÂInbn«pÅXv ]cnip²mßmhv hgnbmWv. (amÀt¡mkv4:11) ssZh¯nsâ Úm\w \nKqVambXn\m (1sImdn2:7) ssZh¯nsâ `rXy·mÀ AXv hniZoIcn¡p¶p (1 sImdn2:7, 15:51). ssZh¯nsâ CÑ Hcp \nKqV clkyw t]mse hniZoIcn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶Xn\m (Fs^1:9) ssZhw At±l¯nsâ tkhIÀ¡v AXv shfn]mSpIfmbn \ÂIp¶p. am{Xaà {InkvXphns³d ta[mhnXzs¯ ¡pdn¨pÅ clkyw Xs³d sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcneqsS shfns¸Sp¯p¶p.

]utemkv FgpXp¶p:

clky¯n \n§Ä¡mbn F\n¡p e`n¨ ssZhIr]bpsS hyhØsb¡pdn¨v Rm³ t\cs¯ Npcp¡¯n FgpXnbXp t]mse shfn]mSn\m F\n¡v Hcp clkyw Adnhmbn h¶p F¶v \n§Ä tI«n«p­tÃm. \n§Ä¡Xp hmbn¨m {InkvXphns\ kw_Ôn¨ clky¯n F\n¡pÅ t_m[w \n§Ä¡p a\Ênem¡mw. B clkyw Ct¸mÄ Ahsâ hnip² At¸mkvXe·mÀ¡pw {]hmNI·mÀ¡pw Bßmhn\m shfns¸«Xp t]mse ]qÀhIme§fn a\pjyÀ¡v Adnhmbn h¶ncp¶nÃ. AtXm hnPmXobÀ kphntij¯m {InkvXp tbiphn Iq«hIminIfpw GIicocØcpw hmKvZ¯¯n ]¦mfnIfpw BItWm F¶pÅXp Xs¶ (Fs^3:2-6).

1:5 {InkvXphpw km¯m\pw ssZhZqX·mcpw X½nepÅ _Ôw

ssZh\maw F¶v AÀ°w hcp¶ btlmh F¶ Cuizcsâ Xs¶ ]e ]e AkvXnXzs¯ ss__nfn ]cmaÀin¡p¶p­v. AXpt]mse XZ\pkmcnbmb Hcp \maambncp¶p tbiphnt³dsX¶v ]gb\nbaw ]dbp¶p (skJ¿mhv 12:8). ]pXnb \nba {]Imcw tbip {InkvXp ]pXnb DZbXmcambn ‘qanbnte¡v h¶p F¶v ]dbp¶p. ]n¶oSv Ah³ Xsâ Cu ]Zhn sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpambn ]¦phbv¡pw ( DÂ]¯n 2:28, 22:16).

{InkvXphnsâ ]nXmhpw ssZhhpambn«mWv ss__nÄ ssZhs¯ FSp¯p Im«p¶Xp (tdmam 15:6 sImdn1:3, 11:31; F^1:3, 17; sImsem. 1:3; F{_1:1 FF, 1 ]t{Xmkv. 1:3; 2 tbml. 3; shfn]mSv. 1:1, 6, 15:3). {InkvXphn\v PohnXhpw iànbpw A[nImchpw Xsâ ]nXmhmb ssZh¯nsâ BÚbn ewLn¨XmWv (tbml 10:17, 18). {InkvXp Bßobamb ]nXmhmb ssZh¯nsâ A\pbmbnbmIp¶p (a¯mbn 21:31, 26:39; amÀt¡mkv 14:36 tbml 3:16, 4:34). {InkvXp ssZh¯m \ntbmKn¡s¸«h\pw ssZhw {InkvXphnt\¡mÄ henbh\pw BIp¶p (tbml 14:2). ssZhw Xsâ GIPmX\mb ]p{Xs\ \mw Ah\m Pohnt¡­Xn\v temI¯nte¡b¨p (tbml 4:9). {InkvXphns\ alXzs¸Sp¯nbXv, ]Zhn sImSp¯Xv ssZhamIp¶p (tbml 8:54). ssZhw {InkvXphnt\¡mÄ henbh\mbXp sIm­v (tbml 14:28).

ssZhw Hcp ]mdbmWv. Hcp IÂJ\n t]msetbm Hcp ]ÀhXw t]msetbm AXn \n¶pw asäÃmw J\\w sNbvsXSp¡s¸Sp¶p. apJyhpw {]tbmP\{]Zhpamb ImcW§fm C{ktbepImsc tNemIÀ½w sN¿n¨Xv (BhÀ¯\w 1) AXn \ns¶Sp¯ Xo¡ÃsIm­mWv. ssZhw C{ktbensâ ]mdbmIp¶p. AhcpsS c£bpsS ]md (BhÀ¯\w 32:15). Ahsc P\n¸n¨ ]md (BhÀ¯\w 32:18; 28:31). imaph H¶mw ]pkvXIw 2:2]dbp¶Xv \½psS ssZhw \½psS ]mdsb¶mWv. imizXamb Hcp ]md (sbi¿hv 26:4). Cu ]mdbn \n¶mWv asäÃmhtcbpw sIm¯nsbSp¯ncn¡p¶Xv. hnizmk¯n FÃmhcpw A{_lmansâ ]n³KmanIfpw BIp¶p (sbi¿mhp 51:1, 2). `qanbn Xsâ km{amPyw Øm]n¡m\mbn aninlmsb Dcphm¡nbXv CtX ]mdbn \n¶mIp¶p (Zm\ntb 2:35; 15). ssZhamIp¶ Cu ]mdsb ASnØm\am¡n {InkvXp Xsâ k`bpsS ASn¡Ãv \m«pIbpw AXn\p apIfn k` sI«ns¸m¡pIbpw sN¿pw (a¯mbn 16:18). ]n¶oSv AXn\p apIfn Ah³ Xs³d km{amPyw `cn¡pw.

ssZh aµnc¯nsâ apJyamb aqe¡Ãv aninlbmIp¶p. sXcsªSp¡s¸« tbip Xs¶ apJy ImÀ½nIÀ, hnip²cn hnip²³. ]cnip²mßmhv IpSnsImÅp¶ {iotImhnemIp¶p FÃmw. Bßmhns\ Dcphm¡nsbSp¯ Cu tZhmeb¯n\p th­ IÃpIÄ sIm¯nsbSp¡p¶Xv BßoI ]mdbn \n¶mWv (1sImdn 10:4). ssZhsa¶ ]mdbn \n¶pÅ IÃpIfmWv Cu tZhmeb¯nsâ XS§Â ]mdbpw CSÀ¨¡Ãpambn hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv (tdmam 9:33). Cu tZhmeb ]mdbn \n¶mWv asÁÃmw sIm¯nsbSp¡s¸Sp¶Xpw þ {InkvXphns\t¸mse ssZhw kIeXpambncn¡¯¡hn[w tbip{InkvXp tZhmebw ]Wnbp¶p.  (Fs^ 4:6). {InkvXphns\ ssZhw FÃmhcnepw FÃmw B¡n (1 sImsem 3:11). FÃmw Xsâ Im¡ognem¡ns¡mSp¯p (1 sImdn 15:27).FÃmänepw FÃmw \ndbv¡p¶hsâ \ndhmbncn¡p¶ Ahsâ icocamb k‘bpsS kÀh¯n\pw aosX Xebm¡n {]XnjvTn¨ncn¡p¶p (Fs^kyÀ 1:22-23). ssZhw kIehpw {InkvXphnsâ Im¡ognem¡ns¡mSp¯p F¶p ]dbpt¼mÄ Ahbn ssZhw DÄs¸Sp¶nà F¶v hyIvXamWv. (1 sImdn 15:27).

FÃmw {InkvXphnsâ kzm[o\¯n Ccp¶mepw Xsâ ]nXmhmb ssZhw FÃm¯nepw tase BIp¶Xn\p th­n Xs¶bpw X\n¡pÅXmb A[oiXzt¯bpw X\ns¡Ãmw X¶ ssZh¯n¦eÀ¸n¨v Ah\v hnt[bamIp¶p.  A§s\ {InkvXphnt\bpw ssZht¯bpw {XnXz¯n _Ôn¡p¶ {`amßIamb kn²m´w hnip² {KÙ¯ns\XncmsW¶p ImWmw.  (1 sImdn 15:28)  {InkvXp ssZh¯ns³d BÚb\pkcn¨v AhnSps¯ heXp`mK¯ncp¯pw (F{_m. 1:3, 13, 8:1, 10:12 1. ]t{Xm. 3, 22) AhnSps¯ knwlmk\w ]¦phbv¡pw  sXcsªSp¡s¸« hnip²cmIs« {InkvXphnt\msSm¸w knwlmk\¯n ]¦pImcpw (shfn 3:21) AXv ssZh¯ns³d knwlmk\ambncn¡pw (45. 6þ7)

ssZhw ssZhZqXt\¡mÄ henbh³ (tbml 13:10) Zmk³ bPamt\¡mÄ henbh\paà (tbml 15:20)

Ab¨h\mb ssZhw Ab¡s¸«ht\¡mÄ t{ijvT\t{X.

sNIp¯m³ acp`qanbn h¨v {InkvXphns\ ]co£n¨p. F¶m ^e¯n sNIp¯ms³d ]co£Ww AhnsS Bcw`n¨p.

`qanbpsS {]`mX\£{Xambncp¶ sNIp¯m³ Ah\mbncp¶p. Cu {Kl¯nsâ {]ImihmlI³ Asæn eqk^À (sbsi 14:12) AXnsâ Kpcphpw c£IÀ¯mhpambncp¶ Ah³ ^e¯n ]nXmhmb ssZh¯nsâ A\pbmbnIfn Hcph\mb Ftemln apIfn Hcmfmbncp¶p.

bmt¡m_n \n¶pw DZn¨p htc­ \£{XamWv {InkvXp (kwJy: 24:17) ‘`qanbpsS \nÀ½nXnbpsS ]qÀ¯oIcW¯n\v km£yw hln¨ {]`mX \£{X§fn H¶mb tamibpsS ]pkvXI§fn kqNn¸n¨Xp t]mse (Ctbm_v 38:7) ZmhoZn \n¶pw h¶ bmt¡m_nsâ a\pjy\mbn¯oÀ¶ btemhm¡fn Hcph³ (shfn 22:16).

tbip {InkvXp F¶ t]cn \madnbp¶ btlmh C\nbpw Cu Krl¯nsâ {]‘mX \£{Xambn¯oÀ¶n«nÃ. B ]Zhn Ct¸mgpw

sNIp¯m\p Xs¶bmWv (tbi 14:12, sbl 28:2-10).

{InkvXphns\ C{ktbensâ btlmhbmbn A`ntjIw sNbvXncn¡p¶p, Iq«pImcnepw ]¦mfnIfnepw tasebmbn Ahs\ hmgn¨ncn¡p¶p (k¦oÀ 45:7). F¦nepw {]`mX \£{Xw F¶ ]Zhn hmkvXh¯n {InkvXphn\nÃ, Xsâ c­mw hchp hsc AX\pkcn¨v IÀ¯hy§sf GsäSp¡pIbnÃ. Ahs\ DZbXmcambn X§fpsS lrZb§fn {]XnjvTn¨, sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpambn {InkvXp Xsâ ]ZhnItfbpw IÀhy¯hy§tfbpw ]¦phbv¡p¶p (2 ]t{Xm 1:19 ]cn‘mj Zn\Xmcw). sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ Cu A[nImcw ]¦phbv¡m³ {]XnÚm_²cmWv (shfn 2:28  \n¶pw).

sbi¿m 14:12þ ]dªt]mse DZbXmcIamb sNIp¯m³ AXyp¶X\mb ssZhs¯ Asæn ]nXmhmb ssZhs¯ shÃphnfn¨p. sNIp¯m³ ssZh¯nsâXmb B knwlmk\s¯ AXn{Ians¨Sp¡m³ Asæn Xsâ knwlmk\s¯ ssZh¯nsâ \£{X§Ä¡pw btlmhbpsS k‘IÄ¡pw apIfnte¡v DbÀ¯m³ {ian¨p. ChnsS ]dbp¶ k`sb k¦oÀ¯\w 82:1þ btlmhbpsS Asæn ssZh§fpsS hrµw F¶v ]cmaÀin¨ncn¡p¶p. tbml¶msâ injy\mb t]mfnImÀ]v ]pWyhmfsâ injyXzapÅ sFtd\nbkv ]dbp¶Xv k¦oÀ¯\§Ä 82:1 {]Imcw ssZh§Ä F¶Xn sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpw DÄs¸sS  Zs¯Sp¡s¸«hÀ F¶p hntijn¸n¡s¸Sp¶p F¶mWv (F F³ F^v A. 1 t]Pv 49).

ssZh]p{X·mÀ H¶ne[nIap­v (tPm_v 1:16, 2:11, 38:7, ]n.Fkv. 86:8þ10, 95:3,4, 135:5). AhÀ _ns\ Fenb³  AYhm ]ctam¶Xs³d ]p{X·mÀ F¶dnbs¸Sp¶p. ssZh]p{X·mcmbn kzÀKZqX·mtcmsS¸w a\pjycn \n¶pw sXcsªSp¡s¸«htcbpw DÄs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p (tdma 8:14). BbXn\m ssZh]p{X³ F¶ \nebn {InkvXphpw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpw ]cnip²mßmhneqsS, ssZh¯n\v GI·mcmbncn¡p¶p. CXv ‘`qanbpsS ASnØm\w apXte \nÝbn¡s¸«n«pÅXmWv. {InkvXp a\pjy\mIm³ th­n Xs³d A[nImc§sf ASnbdh¨p. Ah\pw sXcsªSp¡s¸« FÃmhcpw acn¨n«v DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¡bm hnip²nbpsS Bßmhv kw_Ôn¨v ssZh]p{X³ F¶ A[nImct¯msS \nÀWbn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. (tdmaÀ 1:4) kn\mbn h¨v tamitbmSp kwkmcn¨Xv Hcp amemJbmbncp¶p, B amemJ {InkvXphmbncp¶p (At¸m 7:35þ39). KemXyÀs¡gpXnb teJ\¯n 14:4þ ]utemkv Xs¶¯m³ {InkvXp tbiphns\t¸mse Hcp ssZhZqX\mbn D]an¨ncn¡p¶p.

\½fpw ssZhZqX·msct¸msebmbn¯ocp¶p (a¯m 22:36). {InkvXphn\v Iq«hIminIfpw (tdmaÀ 8:17, Kem 3:29;Xnt¯m 3:7, F{_m 1:14, 6:17, 11:9;bmt¡m 2:5, ]t{Xm 3:7). ]gb \nbaw Øm]n¡p¶sXs´¶m ssZh¯nsâ amemJbmWv btlmh, Ctemlw F¶o c­pw (]pd 3:2, 4þ6). AhnsS ssZhw AYhm Ctemlnw Bbh³ Hcp ssZhZqX\mWv (skJ 12:8).

k¦oÀ¯\§Ä 89:6þ8þ ]dbp¶X\pkcn¨v hnip²·mcpsS Hcp kwLhpap­v. B´cnIhpw _mlyhpambhsb DÄs¡mÅp¶ Hcp k`. ssZh\oXnbpsS Znhy k`bmbn CXv Adnbs¸Sp¶p.

1.5.1 ssZh]p{X\mb {InkvXp

km¯m³ ]e amÀK§fneqsSbpw {InkvXphns\ {]tem`n¸n¡m³ t\m¡n. BZyambn km¯m³ {InkvXphns\ ssZh]p{X³ F¶v ]cmaÀin¨p (a¯mbn 4:3, 4:6, eqt¡m 4:3). `qX§fpw {InkvXphns\ ssZh]p{X³ F¶v ]cmaÀin¡pIbp­mbn (a¯mbn 8:29, eqt¡m 4:41, amÀt¡m 3:11). ssZh]p{Xs\¶ \nebn Xsâ Znhyiàn {]ZÀin¸n¡m³ km¯m³ {InkvXphns\ t{]cn¸n¨p. Xsâ ZqX·mÀ {InkvXphns\ Im¯pc£n¡psa¶v ssZhw hmKvZm\w sNbvX Imcyw (k¦o 91:11þ12) km¯m³ FSp¯p ]dªp. F¶m “\nsâ FÃm hgnIfnepw \ns¶ Imt¡­Xn\v”’F¶ ‘mKw km¯m³ hn«pIfbpIbpw ]Icw ‘GXp kab¯pw’F¶v Iq«nt¨À¡pIbpw sNbvXp. A§s\ {InkvXp ssZh]p{X\Ã, ssZhw Xs¶bmWv F¶ t_m[ys¸Sp¯m\mWv km¯mt\m `qX§tfm hn. {KÙw hfs¨mSn¨p sIm­v {ian¨Xv. hmkvXh¯n {InkvXphmWv ]caamb ssZhamsW¶v Du¶n¸dbm³ Ahsâ acWw hsc Ah³ {ian¨nÃ. {InkvXphnsâ acW¯n\p tijw, ]nXmhmb ssZhs¯t¸mse {InkvXphpw ssZhamsW¶v ]dbpI hgn {InkvXp Xsâ PohnX¯n F´ns\bmtWm \ncmIcn¨Xv AXns\ Øm]n¡m\mWv km¯m³ {ian¨Xv. km¯m³ {InkvXphn\p t\sc \o«nb Hmtcm {]tem‘\hpw {InkvXphn\v ssZht¯mSpÅ hnt[bXzs¯ A«nadn¡m³ th­nbmbncp¶p. ^e¯n AXv thZ]pkvXIs¯ Xs¶ \ntj[n¡m\pÅ {iaambncp¶p. {InkvXphns\s¡m­p Xs¶ Bcm[n¡phm³ km¯m³ t{]cn¸n¡pIbp­mbn. Xs¶ Bcm[n¡pIbmsW¦n Cu `qanbpsS apgph³  `cWm[nImcw At¸mįs¶ {InkvXphn\v \ÂImsa¶v km¯m³ hmKvZm\w sNbvXp.

`qanbpsS `cWm[nImcw X\n¡p \ÂIm\pÅ km¯msâ AhImis¯tbm Asæn `qanbpsS `cWw km¯msâ ssIIfnemsW¶ hmZs¯tbm {InkvXp tNmZyw sNbvXnÃ. ]Icw {InkvXp C§s\ adp]Sn \ÂIn:

C§s\ FgpXs¸«ncn¡p¶p; \n§fpsS {]`phmb ssZhs¯ \n§Ä Bcm[n¡pw. Ahs\ am{Xta \n§Ä tkhn¡pIbpÅq..

km¯m³ Xs¶ Bcm[n¡Wsa¶v {InkvXp ]dªnÃ. ]Icw km¯mt\mSv \nbaw Nq­n¡m«pIbmWv sNbvXXv. Xm³ ssZhamsW¶v {InkvXp Xs³d t{]jnX{]hÀ¯\¯nsemcnS¯pw Hcn¡epw AhImis¸««nÃ. Xm³ ssZh]p{X\msW¶mWv Ah³ ]dªXv. Cu ImcWw sIm­mWv Ah³ IpähnNmcWbv¡v hnt[b\mbXv.

a¯mbn 27:43þ ]dbp¶Xp t]mse Ah³ ssZh¯n B{ibn¡p¶p. Ah\v Ch\n {]kmZaps­¦n Ct¸mÄ hnSphn¡s«. ‘Rm³ ssZh]p{X³ F¶v Ah³ ]dªphtÃm.’

k¦oÀ¯\w 22:1þ ]dbp¶ t]mse Cu L«¯nemWv Ah³ C§s\ hne]n¨Xv:

Fsâ ssZhta, Fsâ ssZhta, \o Fs¶ ssIhn«sX´v?

{InkvXp kzbw ssZhambn IcpXnbncp¶nsöv ChnsS hyàamIp¶p. Xm³ Cu hn[w At]£n¨ ssZh¯nsâ `mKamIp¶p {InkvXpsh¶v IcpXp¶Xv XnI¨pw \ncÀ°IamWv.

1.5.2. A´n{InkvXphnsâ kn²m´w

1 tbml¶m³ 4:1þ2þ FXnÀ {InkvXphnsâ kn²m´w {]kvXmhn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. 1 tbml¶m³ 4:1þ2þsâ icnbmb {]mNo\ cq]w Irem?us A[ymbw 16:8 (F F³ F^v hmfyw 1, ASn¡pdn¸v 443)þs\ Bkv]Zam¡nbpÅXmWv.

ssZh¯nsâ Bßmhns\ CXn\m Adnbmw: tbip {InkvXp a\pjy\mbn AhXcn¨p F¶p hnizkn¡p¶ Bßmshms¡bpw ssZh¯n \n¶pÅXmWv;tbiphns\ \ncmIcn¡p¶ bmsXmcp Bßmhpw ssZh¯n \n¶pÅXÃ. AXv A´n{InkvXphsâ Bßmhp Xs¶.

Ncn{XImc\mb tkm{I«okv (VII 12, t]Pv 38) ]dbp¶X\pkcn¨v tbip {InkvXphnsâ a\jy kz`mhs¯  At±l¯nsâ ssZhnIXz¯n \n¶pw thÀs]Sphn¡m³ B{Kln¡p¶hÀ Cu hmIy§Ä hfs¨mSn¡pIbmWv. {InkvXp ssZh]p{X\mWv, GI kXyamb ssZhaà (tbml 17:3).

eqt¡mkv 22:7þepw CXp ]dbp¶p: AhscÃmw tNmZn¨p; ‘At¸mÄ \o ssZh]p{X\mtWm’ ?

Ah³ adp]Sn ]dªp: ssZh]p{Xs\¶v \n§Ä ]dbp¶Xv icnbmWv.

{InkvXphns\ ssZh]p{X\mbn Xmsg ]dbp¶hbn AwKoIcn¡p¶p:

a¯mbn 27:54 kXyambpw CXv ssZh]p{X³ Xs¶bmbncp¶p F¶v ]dbp¶p. amÀ¡v 1:1 A\pkcn¨v kphntij ]pkvXIw ssZh]p{X\mb tbip {InkvXphntâXmWv.

eq¡v 1:35þ ZqX³ adnbtbmSp ]dbp¶Xv, AXyp¶Xsâ iàn \nsâ ta \ngenSpw, BIbm DÛhn¡p¶ hnip² {]P ssZh]p{X³ F¶p hnfn¡s¸Spw F¶mWv.

{InkvXp ssZh ]p{X\msW¶dnbphm³ ssZh¯nsâ shfn]mSp­mIp¶p:

iotam³ ]t{Xmkv \o Poh\pÅ ssZh¯nsâ ]p{X\mb {InkvXp F¶v D¯cw ]dªp. tbip Aht\mSv “_À tbmkm iotamt\ \o `mKyhm³. PUcà§fà kzÀKØ\mb Fsâ ]nXmhs{X CXv \n\¡v shfns¸Sp¯nbXv”F¶v D¯cw ]dªp (a¯mbn 16:16þ17).

a¯mbn 11:27 C§s\ ]dbp¶p.

Fsâ ]nXmhv kIehpw F¦Â ‘ctaÂ]n¨ncn¡p¶p, ]nXmhÃmsX Bcpw ]p{Xs\ Adnbp¶nÃ, ]p{X\pw ]p{X³ shfns¸Sp¯ns¡mSp¡m³ COn¡p¶hcpw AÃmsX Bcpw ]nXmhns\ Adnbp¶XpanÃ.

C{]Imcw ]nXmhv hkvXpXIÄ hyànIÄ¡v shfns¸Sp¯pIbpw Ahsc {InkvXphns\ GÂ]n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. {InkvXphmIs« AhÀ¡v ]nXmhns\ shfns¸Sp¯p¶p.

1.5.3. ssZh¯nsâ \mahpw ]cam[nImchpw.

ssZhw Gähpw ]cam[nImcapÅh\pamsW¶Xn XÀ¡anÃ. kZrihmIy§Ä 30:4þ5 ssZh¯nsâ t]cpw Ah\v Hcp ]p{Xs\¶Xpw hyàam¡p¶p.

kzÀK¯n IbdpIbpw Cd§nhcnIbpw sN¿p¶hÀ Bcv?

Imäns\ Xsâ apjvSnbm ]nSn¨S¡nbh³ Bcv?

kap{Z§sf hkv{X¯n HXp¡nbh³ Bcv?

`qanbpsS AdpXnIsfms¡bpw \nban¨h³ Bcv?

Ahsâ t]sc´v?Ahsâ ]p{Xsâ t]sc´v? \n\¡dnbmtam?

ssZh¯nsâ (btlmhbpsS) kIe hN\hpw IpÁaXmIp¶p, X¶n A`bw tXSp¶hÀ¡v Ah³ ]cnNbmIp¶p.

Ahsâ hN\§tfmSp IqSn \o H¶pw Iq«cpXv:Asæn Ah³ \ns¶ imkn¡pIbpw \o IÅ\msW¶v sXfnbn¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

ss__nÄ AXnsâ hmIy§sf¯s¶ hymJym\n¡pIbmWnhnsS. ta¸dª tNmZy§sf¯pSÀ¶v ssZh¯nsâ t]cv t\cn«v \ÂInbncn¡p¶p. ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw IqSnt¨À¶Xà ssZhsa¶pw ssZh¯n\v Hcp ]p{X\p­¶pw ChnsS hyàam¡p¶p.

IqSmsX ]nXmhmWv FÃm Bcm[\IfptSbpw e£ysa¶v ]pXnb \nbaw hyàambn {]kvXmhn¡p¶p.

tbml¶m³ 4:21þ ]dbp¶X\pkcn¨v {InkvXp iacnbbnse kv{XotbmSv AhÀ¡v AhcpsS aebntem (iacy) sbdpiteantem ]nXmhns\ \akvIcn¡m³ Ignbm¯ Imew hcpsa¶v ap¶dnbn¸p \ÂIp¶p­v. F¶m Ah³ tbml¶m³ 4:23þ hyàambn ]dbp¶p:

bYmÀ° Bcm[I³ ]nXmhns\ Bßmhnepw kXy¯nepw \akvIcn¡p¶ \mgnI hcp¶p; AÃ AXp h¶p Ignªp.  Xs¶ \akvIcn¡p¶hÀ C§s\bpÅhÀ Bbncn¡Wsa¶v ]nXmhv CÑn¡p¶p.

Bcm[\ ]nXmhn\msW¶pw X\n¡söpw {InkvXp ChnsS shfns¸Sp¯p¶p­v. AXn\m ssZh¯n\p ]Icw {InkvXphns\ Bcm[n¡pI F¶Xv ssZh \nµ Xs¶bmWv. tbml¶m³ 3:14þse tami acp`qanbn kÀ¸s¯ DbÀ¯nbXp t]mse a\pjy]p{Xt\bpw DbÀt¯­XmIp¶p F¶ hmIys¯ sXämbn hymJym\n¡p¶hcmWnXv sN¿p¶Xv. {InkvXphnsâ {IqimtcmlW¯nsâ e£yw NneÀ sXÁmbn hymJym\n¡p¶Xpt]mse Bcm[\maqÀ¯nbm¡pI F¶XÃ, a\pjy\v \nXyamb PohnXaps­¶v hyàam¡pIbmWv. {InkvXphmWv Bcm[n¡s¸tS­Xv F¶ sXämb \nKa\¯n \n¶mWv Xncph¯mg IÀ½¯n {InkvXphnsâ càamwk§sf {InkvXym\nIÄ Bcm[n¡p¶p F¶v NneÀ ]dbp¶Xv.

]gb \nba¯nse ssZhamb btlmh Xs¶bmWv ]pXnb \nba¯nse Bebhpw tbip {InkvXphnsâ ssZhhpw. Pdpkteanse Bebambncp¶p btlmhbpsS ‘h\w (F{_ 4:24, 5:2, 13, 15, 16, 17; 6:3, 5, 7, 8, 16, 17, 7:23). C{ktbensâ btlmh Bbncp¶p (F{_ 5:1, 7:15) kzÀK¯nsâ alm ssZhw Ah\mbncp¶p (5:8, 12).

Ah³ Xsâ \maw hkn¡pamdm¡nb B tZhmeb¯nse Bcm[\bpsS e£yw Ah\mbncp¶p (F{km 8:10, 12). tZhmeb¯nsâ \nÀ½mW¯n\v Ah³ IÂ]n¡pIbpw (F{km 6:14) AhnSs¯ ]utcmlnXyw Ahsâ ip{iqjbv¡pw (F{_ 6:18, 7:24) CÑbv¡pw th­n Im¯p\n¡pIbpw (F{km 7:18). AhnSs¯ \ymb{]amWw kzÀK¯nse \ymb{]amWambncp¶p (F{km 7:12, 14). ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amW§Ä Adnbmhp¶hÀ AXv Adnbm¯hÀ¡v D]tZin¨p sImSpt¡­XmIp¶p (F{km 9:25). ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amWw A\pkcn¨pÅXmbncn¡pw hn[nIÂ]\ (F{km 7:26). Cu AXyp¶X\mb ssZhw Xs¶bmWv ]nXmhv, aninlbpsS ]nXmhv F¶Xn\m asäÃmhcpw ssZh¯nsâ a¡fmIp¶p.

A[ymbw 2

]m] hntamN\¯nsâ ]²Xn

2.1 a\pjyhÀK¯nsâ ]X\w

ssZhw Ahsâ kz´w cq]¯nepw kmZriy¯nepamWv a\pjys\ krjvSn¨Xv (DÂ]¯n 1:26þ27). ssZht¯mSv A\pkcWbnÃmbva ImWn¨Xn\v BZhpw lÆbpw in£n¡s¸«p (DÂ]¯n 3:16þ19). Cu [n¡mc¯nsâ ^eambn ]m]hpw AXnsâ ]cnWX^eamb acWhpw a\pjy\pta ]Xn¨ncn¡p¶p ( 1 sImdn 15:22, tdma 15:12).

2.2. a\pjycminbpsS ]m]hntamN\w

Bcpw \in¨pt]mIp¶Xn\v IÀ¯mhv CÑn¡p¶nà (2 ]t{Xmkv 3:9).

]m]¯nsâ in£bmb acW¯n \n¶v a\pjycmin c£s¸SWsa¶Xn\memWv ssZhw Xsâ ]p{X\mb tbip {InkvXphnsâ acW¯nepw DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â]nepw Bß_ensb A´À‘hn¸n¨psIm­v Hcp ]m]hntamN\ ]²Xn BhnjvIcn¨Xv (tbml 3:16). acW¯n \n¶pÅ hnfshSp¸mWv DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â]v. XpSÀ¨bmbpÅ Cu hnfshSp¸nsâ BZys¯ ^eamWv {InkvXp (1 sImdn 15:20). Cu ]m]hntamN\ ]²Xn ss__nfnse hmÀjnI hn{ia Zn\§sf¡pdn¨pÅ hnhcW§fn {]Xn^en¨p ImWmw (tehy 23).

2.3 ss__nÄ {]tNmZnXamb kXysa¶ \nebnÂ

{InkvXp ]dªp: a\pjy³ A¸w sIm­p am{XaÃ, ssZh¯nsâ hmbn¡qSn hcp¶ kIe hN\w sIm­pw Pohn¡p¶p F¶v FgpXnbncn¡p¶p (a¯mbn 4:4, eqt¡m 4:4). ss__nÄ kXythZ{KÙsa¶ \nebn Adnbs¸Sp¶p (Zm\n 10:21). a\pjy kapZmb¯nsâ ]m]hntamN\amWv AXnsâ e£yw. ssZh¯nsâ kÀh{X {]ISamb iànbnte¡mWv AXv Nq­p¶Xv (DZm:9:16, tdma 9:17). tamN\¯nte¡pÅ am[yaamWv tbip {InkvXp (tdma 10:11). tami XpS§nb kIe {]hmNI³·mcpw FÃm Xncpshgp¯pIfpw Ahs\¸än {]hNn¨n«p­v (eqt¡m 24:27), AhcpsS {]hN\§Ä Xs¶bmWv kXythZw (a¯mbn 26:56, tdma 1:2). FÃm Xncpshgp¯pw ssZht{]màambXn\m ssZh¯nsâ a\pjy³ FÃm k {]hr¯nIÄ¡pw Ignhp t\Sn FÃmw XnIªh³ BtI­Xn\mbn D]tZi¯n\pw imk\¯n\pw ip²oIcW¯n\pw \oXnbnse A`ymk¯n\pw FÃm \à IÀ¯hy§Ä¡pw  {]tbmP\apÅh\mIp¶p (2 Xntam 3:16).

{InkvXphntâbpw At¸mkvXe·mcptSbpw Ime¯pÅ Xncpshgp¯pIÄ ]gb \nbaw Bbncp¶p (a¯mbn 21:24, amÀt¡m 12:10, At¸mkvXe 17:22). ]gb \nbas¯bmWv 2 Xnsam¯ntbmkv 3:16þ ssZh\nizmknXamb Xncpshgp¯v F¶v ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅXv. ]gb \nbat¯mSv Iq«nt¨À¯n«pÅXmWv ]pXnb \nbaw. AÃmsX AXv ]gb \nba¯n\v ]IcapÅXÃ.

\ap¡v amÀKZÀiIamIm³ th­n BZy Imet¯ FgpXnbXmWv ]gb \nbaw. Ah \ap¡v Xncpshgp¯pIfm DfhmIp¶ ØncXbmepw Bizmk¯mepw {]Xymi D­mIp¶Xn\p th­n FgpXs¸«ncn¡p¶p (tdma 15:4). Xncpshgp¯pIÄ icn¡v AdnbmbvI sIm­v a\pjy\v sXäpIÄ ]än (a¯mbn 22:29, amÀt¡m 12:24). s_tcmh¡mÀ Xncpshgp¯pIÄ icnXs¶tbm F¶v Zn\w{]Xn ]cntim[n¨p (At¸mkvX 17:11). Xncpshgp¯pIfpsS FÃm `mK§fn \n¶pw Hmtcm [mcWIfpw hmNI§fpw ta¡pta h¨mWv ss__nfnsâ ]qÀWNn{Xw D­m¡nbn«pÅXv (sbi¿ 28:10). aninl Asæn {InkvXphmWv tbipsh¶v Xncpshgp¯pIÄ hyàam¡p¶p (At¸mkvX 18:28). ]cnip²mßmhp hgn {InkvXphmWv At¸mkvXe·mÀ sXm«v sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpsS a\Êp Xpd¶v XncphN\§Ä AhÀ¡v a\Ênem¡pamdm¡nbXv (eqt¡m 24:45).

]gb \nba¯nse XncphN\§Ä ]qÀ¯oIcn¡pI Xs¶ thWw (a¯m 26:54, 56, amÀt¡m 12:10, 14:49). AXn\v amäw h¶pIqSm. (tbml 10:35). AXn ]dbp¶sXÃmw {InkvXphn ]qÀ¯oIcn¡s¸«tXm, {InkvXphnsâ c­mw hchn ]qÀ¯oIcn¡s¸tS­tXm Bb Imcy§fmWv (shfn]mSv 1:7, 12:10, 17:14, 19:11þ21). B c­mw hchn a\pjy ]p{X³ A[nImct¯mSpw tXPtÊmSpw IqSn hnf§pw (a¯m 24:30)

2.4 ]Ým¯m]hpw am\km´chpw

a\pjykapZmb¯n\v \ne\n¡m³, a\pjy³ \nXyamb PohnXw D­mIm³ Ah³ ]Ým¯]n¡Wsa¶v ssZhw Bhiys¸Sp¶p. ]Ým¯]n¡p¶nsæn a\pjy³ \in¨pt]mIpw (eqt¡m 13:3,5).

a\pjys\ ]Ým¯m]¯n\v Blzm\w sN¿m\mWv {InkvXphns\ `qanbnte¡b¨Xv (eqt¡m 11:32). kv\m]Itbml¶ms\ XShnem¡s¸«tijamWv {InkvXp Xsâ ip{iqj XpS§nbXv (a¯m 4:12). F Un 28þam­nse s]klbv¡p tijw Ipd¨p \mÄ IgnªmWv tbml¶m³ PbneneSbv¡s¸Sp¶Xv (tbml 3:22þ24, 4:12). Xos_dnbkv ssIkdpsS hmgvNbpsS ]Xn\©mw hÀj¯n tbml¶m³ ip{iqj Bcw‘n¨Xn\p tijapÅ s]klm BWv AXv (eqt¡m 3:1). A¶p apX tbip “kzÀKcmPyw kao]n¨ncn¡bm am\km´cs¸Sphn³”F¶p {]kwKn¨p XpS§n (a¯m 4:17). am\km´c¯nsâ kphntijw P\§sf DZvt_m[n¸n¡m³ {InkvXp Xsâ injysc \ntbmKn¨p. AXn\mbn Ah³ AhÀ¡v ]nimNnsâ Asæn Ahnip²mßm¡fpsS ta A[nImcw \ÂIn (amÀt¡m 6:7, eqt¡m 10:1, 17:20).

]m]s¯ (Asæn ZuÀ_eys¯) ]pd¯p Ifbp¶Xn\pÅ {ia¯nsâ {]mcw‘w F¶ \nebv¡mWv ]Ým¯m]w D]tZin¡s¸«Xv (At¸m 8:22). am\km´cs¸Sp¶tXmsS IÀ¯mhnsâ apJ¯p \n¶v BizmkIme§Ä hcnIbpw \ap¡mbn ap³ \nÝbn¡s¸« {InkvXphmb tbiphns\ Ah³ Ab¡pIbpw sNbvXp.

AdnhnÃmbvabpsS Ime§sf e£yam¡msX ssZhw {InkvXphn\v tijw Ct¸mÄ FÃmbnS¯pw FÃmhcpw am\km´cs¸SWsa¶v a\pjyt\mSv IÂ]n¡p¶p. AhÀ¡v Hcp hn[n Znhkw \nÝbn¡pIbpw sNbnXncn¡p¶p (At¸m 17:30). am\km´cw A\yaX hnkzmknIsf¡qSn _m[n¡p¶XmIp¶p (At¸m 15:3 IqSn ImWpI).

am\km´c¯n\p hnt[b\mIpIbpw ssZh¯nte¡v XncnbpIbpw sN¿p¶ hyàn, ]n¶oSv B am\km´c¯n\v A\ptbmPyamb IÀ½§Ä Xs¶ XoÀ¨bmbpw A\pjvTn¡Ww (At¸m 26:20).

Fs^tkmknse k`tbmSv ‘GXn \n¶v \o h¶ncn¡p¶p F¶pw GXn \n¶v hoWncn¡p¶p F¶pw HmÀ¯v am\km´cs¸«v BZys¯ {]hr¯nIÄ Xs¶ ho­pw sN¿m³’Blzm\w sNbvXp (shfn 2:5). AXpt]mse s]ÀKsamknse k`tbbpw am\km´¯n\v Blzm\w sNbvXp (shfn 2:16). XpbssYcbnse k‘bpsS Imcy¯nepw CXp Xs¶ kw‘hn¨p (shfn 2:21þ22). kÀ±nknse k‘tbmSpw am\km´cs¸Sphm³ Bhiys¸«p. am\km´cs¸SmXncp¶m {InkvXp cm{Xnbn IÅs\t¸mse AhcpsS tase hcpsa¶pw GXv kab¯v hcpsa¶v AhÀ AdnbpIbnsöpw hyàam¡s¸«p (shfn 3:3). X\n¡p {]nbapÅhsc tbip imkn¡pIbpw in£n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. Pm{KXbpÅhcmbncn¡m\pw am\km´cs¸Sm\pw tbip AhtcmSv (ethmUojytcmSv) Bhiys¸«p (shfn 3:19). am\km´cw C{]Imcw ssZh¯nsâ FÃm k‘Ifnepw XpSÀ¶p hcp¶p. AXv FÃmhcptSbpw D¯chmZnXzamIp¶p (bmt¡m 5:19þ20).

2.5 Úm\kv\m\w

kzÀK¯nepw `qanbnepw DÅ kÀh A[nImc§fpw DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â]n\p tijw {InkvXphn\p \ÂIs¸«p (a¯m 28:18). ]nXmhntâbpw ]p{Xtâbpw ]cnip²mßmhntâbpw \ma¯n kv\m\w Ign¸n¨pw Xm³ IÂ]n¨ t]mse {]hÀ¯n¡m³ X¡h®w D]tZin¨pw kIe PmXnItfbpw injycm¡ns¡mÅm³ {InkvXp Xsâ injytcmSv BÚm]n¨p (a¯m 28:19). A§s\ temImhkm\t¯mfw {InkvXp AhtcmSp IqSn D­mbncn¡pw (a¯m 28:20).

am\km´cs¯ XpSÀ¶v Úm\kv\m\w sN¿Ww. F¦n am{Xta ]cnip²mßmhv F¶ Zm\w In«pIbpÅq (At¸m 2:38). ]Ým¯]n¡pIbpw Úm\kv\m\¯neqsS ]p\ÀP\n¡pIbpw sN¿msX \n§Ä¡v ]cnip²mßmhns\ e‘n¡pIbnÃ. ]p{X\mbn P\n¨nsæn \n§Ä¡v ssZhcmPy¯n {]thi\ap­mInà (tbml 3:3, 5). Úm\kv\m\¯n\pw ]cnip²mßmhns\ kzoIcn¡p¶Xp\papÅ ap³ D]m[nbmIp¶p am\km´cw. AXn\m inip¡sf Úm\kv\m\w sN¿n¡pI F¶Xv ss__nfn\v hncp²amIbm hÀPn¡s¸tS­XmIp¶p. am\km´c¯n\v ap³ D]m[n F¶ \nebn Øm]Itbml¶msâ ZuXy¯n\v Du¶Â \ÂIs¸«ncn¡p¶p (amÀt¡m 1:4, 8). {InkvXp P\§sf ]cnip²mßmhp sIm­pw Xo sIm­pw kv\m\w Ign¸n¡psa¶pw ]Xncv (am\km´cs¸Sm¯hÀ) sISm¯ Xobn C«v Np«p Ifbpsa¶pw kv\m]Itbml¶m³ {]kvXmhn¨p (eqt¡m 3:16þ17). ssZh¯nsâ BÚ{]ImcamWv ]cnip²mßmhns\ HcmÄ¡v \ÂIs¸Sp¶Xv. ssIIÄ \o«n¸nSn¨v At]£n¡pt¼mÄ ]cnip²mßmhv hyànbn {]thin¡p¶p. Hmtcm hyàntbbpw ssIImcyw sN¿p¶Xn kv\m\IÀ½¯n\p ap¼p apX¡p Xs¶ ]cnip²mßmhv {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p­v. sXcsªSp¡s¸«hsc {InkvXp hgn Bßmhv ssZh¯nte¡v ASp¸n¡p¶p (F{_ 7:25). kv\m\IÀ½t¯msS Bßmsh¶ BZy Zm\w a\pjy\v \ÂIs¸Sp¶p. tdmaÀ 8:23 hyàambn ]dbs¸«Xp t]mse icoc¯nsâ hos­Sp¸p­mIp¶Xp hsc Bßmhnsâ Zm\w \ap¡v e`n¡pIbnÃ. A§s\ \mw ]pXpXmbn P\n¡s¸SpIbpw ssZh¯nsâ alXz¯n F¯s¸Sp¶Xphsc Zn\w{]Xn Bßmhv hfcpIbpw sN¿p¶p.

kv\m\IÀ½s¯ XpSÀ¶pÅ ]cnip²mßmhnsâ Zm\w Ahsâ {]hmNIcm hmKvZm\w sNbvX t]mse ‘c£bpsS DdhpIfn \n¶pÅ shÅamIp¶p’(tbi¿ 12:3). Cu ]ncip²mßmhnsâ shÅw sbi¿mhp 44:3þ ssZhw \ÂInb hmKvZm\ambn tcJs¸Sp¯nbXp Xs¶bmWv. PohPe¯nsâ Ddh ssZhw Xs¶bmWv (bnsc 2:13, 17:13, skJ¿mhp 14:8). CXv PohPe¯nsâ \ZnbmIp¶p (shfn 22:1). {InkvXp, Bßmhnt\mSp kwkmcn¡th (tbml 7:39) X¶n \n¶v PohPew HgpIp¶Xmbn ]dªp (tbml 4:10þ14, 7:38, eqt¡m 21:3, 55:1, 58:11, sbsl 47:1). PohPew Asæn ]cnip²mßmhnsâ Pew sIm­v C{ktbens\ Bßobambn \nÀ½ecm¡nbncn¡p¶psh¶v sbslkvtI 36:25þ ]dbp¶p. sXcsªSp¡s¸«h³ Cu PohPew kuP\yambn D]tbmKn¡p¶p. (shfn 22:17)

 

A[ymbw 3

am\pjnIamb D¯chmZnXz§Ä \nÀ®bn¡p¶ kn²m´§Ä

3.1 {]mÀ°\bpw Bcm[\bpw

3.1.1. ssZhw {]mÀ°\bptSbpw Bcm[\bptSbpw ]m{Xsa¶ \nebnÂ

3.1.1.1. Bcm[\m ]m{Xw

sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpsS {]mYanI \ne]mSpw apJy ASbmfhpw XnIª GIssZh hnizmkamWv. \½Ä btlmhsb AÃsX asämcp ssZht¯bpw Bcm[n¡p¶nÃ. (]pd 34:14; 11:16). AÃm¯ ]£w \½Ä

\in¸n¡s¸Spw (BhÀ 30:17þ18). ssZhw \ÂInb H¶mas¯ IÂ]\:

ASnaXz¯nsâ \mSmb CuPn]vXn \n¶v \ns¶ sIm­ph¶ btlmhbmb Rm³ \nsâ ssZhamIp¶p. Rm\ÃmsX A\y ssZhw (ssZh§Ä) \n\¡p­mIcpXv (]pd 25:2).

\mw \½psS ssZhamb btlmhsb kvt\ln¡pIbpw ]qÀW lrZbt¯mSpw ]qÀW a\tÊmSpw IqSn Ahs\ tkhn¡pIbpw sN¿Ww. F¦n ImemIme§fn \ap¡v ag e‘n¡pIbpw hnfhpIfpw \m¡menIÄ¡p th­ ]pÃpw btYjvSw D­mIpIbpw sN¿pw. \ap¡v kp`n£nXbp­mIpw (BhÀ 11:13þ15). ]t£ ssZhw \ap¡v Hcp ]pXnb \ymb{]amWw D­m¡pw. IÀ¯mhv Ahsâ \nbaw \½psS a\Ên Øm]n¡pIbpw Ah \½psS lrZb¯n FgpXpIbpw sN¿p¶p. Ah³ \½psS ssZhhpw \mw Ahsâ tkhIcpamIp¶p. \mw Ahs\ Bcm[n¡pIbpw Ahsâ \nba§Ä PohnX¯n ]men¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (F{_m 8:10þ13)

\½psS ssZhamb btlmhbv¡v ap¶n \mw \akvIcn¡pI (BhÀ 26:10, 1 imapth 1:3, 15:25). ]nXmhmb ssZhw Xs¶bmWv Cu GI kXy ssZhw. ]nXmhns\bpw Ahs³d ]p{X³ tbiphnt\bpw AdnbpI F¶XmWv \nXyPohnX¯n\pÅ \½psS A¨mcw (tbml 17:3). \mw btlmhbv¡v Ahsâ \ma¯n alXzw sImSp¡pIbpw hnip²me¦mcw [cn¨v btlmhsb \akvIcn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (k¦o 29:2, 96:9). kÀh `qanbpw Ahs\ \akvIcn¡pIbpw Ahsâ \ma¯n\v IoÀ¯\w ]mSpIbpw sN¿p¶p (k¦o 66:4). CXv XoÀ¨bmbpw kw‘hn¡m³ t]mIp¶ Hcp {]hN\amWv. Ah³ krjvSn¨ `qanbnse FÃm cmjv{S§fpw \Sp§ns¡m­v Ahsâ ap¶n hµn¡pw (k¦o 96:9). Ah³ am{XamWv ssZhw F¶Xn\m AhÀ Ahsâ \mas¯ alXzs¸Sp¯pw (k¦o 86:9þ10). Ah³ \½psS ssZhhpw \½Ä Ahsâ BSpIfpw BIp¶p (k¦o 95:6þ7). Ah³ ]cnip²\mIp¶p (k¦o 99:5þ9). \½Ä Bsc hµn¡p¶p F¶Xns\¡pdn¨pÅ Adnhv c­v ASbmf§fneqsSbmWv {]ISamIp¶Xv. B c­v ASbmf§Ä:  Cu ASbmf§fpw ssZhkzcq]s¯¡pdn¨pÅ Adnhpw tbmPn¸n¨p sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ X§fpsS ]cn[n a\Ênem¡p¶p.

im_¯v: (]pd¸mSv 20:8, 10, 11; BhÀ¯\w 5:12þ \n¶v). im_¯v \ap¡pw \s½ hnip²oIcn¡p¶ btlmhbv¡pw at[ybpÅ Hcp ASbmfamIp¶p (]pd¸mSv 3:12þ14).

s]klm:s]klm Hcp ASbmftam ap{Ztbm BIp¶p. þ ]pd¸mSv 13:9, 16 A\pkcn¨v ]pfn¡m¯ A¸¯nsâ s]cp¶mÄ AS¡apÅ s]klm ssZh¯nsâ \nba¯nsâbpw (BhÀ 6:8) C{ktben hos­Sp¸ntâbpw (BhÀ 6:10) ASbmfamIp¶p. ]pXnb \nba{]Imcw CXv

{InkvXphns\ {]m]n¡p¶ FÃmhtcbpw DÄs¡mÅp¶p (tdma 9:6, 11:25þ26).

im_¯v, s]klm F¶o ssZh \nba¯nsâ ASbmf§Ä {]tXyIn¨pw hn{Klmcm[\bvs¡XnscbpÅ ap³IcpXemWv (BhÀ 11:16).

Cu c­v ASbmf§Ä ssZh¯nsâ sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpsS ssIbnepw s\änbnepw ap{ZnXambn«p­mIpw. shfn]mSv 7:3. A{]Imcw C§s\ ap{ZtbähÀ 144000. _m¡nbpÅhsc hnip² Zn\§fnte¡v \bn¡p¶Xv AhcmIp¶p.

{InkvXp ]dªp:\nsâ ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns\ \akvIcn¨v Ahs\ am{Xw Bcm[n¡pI (Asæn tkhn¡pI) (a¯m 4:10, eqt¡m 4:8). AXn\m tkh\w F¶v ss__nfnsâ hnh£bn Bcm[\bmWv.

ssZhs¯ a\pjysâ ho£W¯n Bcm[n¡p¶Xv \ncÀ°IamWv (a¯m 15:8þ9). ImcWw a\pjy³ Bßmhnepw kXy¯nepw Xs¶ Bcm[n¡Wsa¶mWv ]nXmhmb ssZhw B{Kln¡p¶Xv (tbml 4:21þ24). bYmÀ° ]cntOZ\¡mcmb \mw ssZhs¯ Bßmhn Bcm[n¡pIbpw tbip {InkvXphn {]iwkn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (^nen¸obÀ 3:3). aq¸·mcpsS k`bnse tbip {InkvXp AS¡w FÃmhcpw FÃm¯nt\bpw krjvSn¡pIbpw \ne\nÀ¯pIbpw sN¿p¶ ssZhs¯ \akvIcn¨p. (shfn 4:10). \nba¯neqsSbpw shfn]mSpsIm­pw {InkvXp \ÂInb BÚb\pkcn¨v \mw ssZhs¯ Bcm[n¡p¶p (shfn 22:9)

3.1.1.2 {]mÀ°\m ]m{Xw

a\pjy³ btlmhbmb ssZht¯mSv {]mÀ°n¡pIbpw (k¦o 39:12, 54:2) Ah³ AXv tIÄ¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. \n§Ä hnizmk]qÀhw {]mÀ°\bn F´v A`yÀ°n¨mepw \n§Ä¡v AXp e‘n¡pw (a¯m 21:22). ]nXmhmb ssZht¯mSpÅ {]mÀ°\bpsS Imcy¯n {InkvXp a\pjy hÀK¯n\v amXrIbmIp¶p (eqt¡m 6:12). F§s\ {]mÀ°n¡Wsa¶Xnsâ amXrI, {]mÀ°\bpsS LS\bpsS Hcp cq]tcJ Xs¶ {InkvXp \ÂInbn«p­v. (eqt¡m 11:2þ4).

sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcptSbpw ip{iqjI·mcptSbpw {]mYanI e£yw {]mÀ°\bpw hN\ ip{iqjbpamIp¶p (At¸m 6:4). hnip²cpsS {]mÀ°\IÄ¡v taÂt\m«w hln¡p¶Xn\v D¯chmZn¯w aq¸·mcpsS kwL¯n\v \ÂIs¸«ncn¡p¶p (shfn 5:8).

3.1.1.3. aäpÅhÀ¡p th­n Häbv¡pw Iq«mbpw DÅ {]mÀ°\

Hcp a\tÊmSp IqsSbpÅ Iq«mb {]mÀ°\bv¡v At¸mkvXe·mÀ Xs¶ DZmlcWamWv (At¸m 1:14). k` apgph³ Cu amXrI kzoIcn¨ncn¡p¶p (At¸m 12:5).

{]mÀ°\ k`bv¡p th­n am{XapÅXÃ. lrZbhmRvObps­¦nepw ssZhs¯¡pdn¨v ]cnÚm\anÃm¯hÀ¡pw ssZh¯nsâ \oXn¡v Iogvs¸Sm¯hÀ¡pw IqSnbmWv AXv. hnizkn¡p¶ BÀ¡pw \oXn e`n¡m³ {InkvXp \ymb{]amW¯nsâ Ahkm\amIp¶p (tdmaÀ 10:1þ4)

{]mÀ°\ \ap¡v XpWbmIp¶p. ]e {]mÀ°\IfpsS ^eambn e`n¡p¶ A\p{Kl¯n\pw ]e {]mÀ°\Ifm \mw \µn {]ISn¸n¡Ww

(2 sImdn 1:11). {]mÀ°\ Bßmhnembncn¡Ww (Fs^ 6:18). Bßmhv {]mÀ°\sb kq£n¡p¶p (sImsem 4:2þ4) kXy¯nepw \ymb¯nepw Dd¨p \n¡p¶Xn\pÅ Ignhp­mIm³ {]mÀ°\ klmbn¡p¶p (Fs^ 6:14).

\Ãh\mb Hcp hyànbpsS {]mÀ°\ ^e¯n hfsc iànbpÅXmIp¶p. hnizmkt¯mSp IqSnb {]mÀ°\ tcmKnsb kpJs¸Sp¯pw;]m]w sNbvXn«pÅh\v am¸p In«pw. AXpsIm­v \mw ]ckv]cw \½psS ]m]§Ä Gäp]dbpIbpw tcmKim´n hcp¶Xn\v Hmtcmcp¯cpw aäpÅhÀ¡pth­n {]mÀ°n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (bmt¡m_v 5:15þ18).

3.2 ]m]tamN\hpw hnip² \nbahpw X½nepÅ _Ôw

3.2.1 ssZhw \½psS ]mdbmIp¶p.

ssZhw \½psS ]mdbpw iànbpw c£I\pw BIp¶p. Ahs\ \mw icWw {]m]n¡p¶p (k¦o 18:1þ21). \mw Ah\n hnizmkaÀ¸n¨ncn¡p¶p. \½Ä Ahs\ ‘bs¸Sp¶nà (sbi 12:2). P\§Ä¡v ]m]tamN\¯nsâ ]cnPvRm\w sImSp¡pI F¶XmWv {InkvXphnsâbpw {]hmNI·mcptSbpw ZuXyw. (eqt¡m 1:77). Cu ]cnÚm\w k‘bpsS Imcy¯n IqSn _m[IamWv. AhnsS hnip²·mÀ {InkvXphnsâ ip{iqj¡mcpw ssZhclky§fpsS KrlhnNmcI·mcpw BIp¶p (1 sImdn 4:1). c£ PqX·mcpsS CSbn \n¶mWv hcp¶Xv (tbml 4:22). F¶m {InkvXphn AXv ssZhs¯ Bßmhnepw kXy¯nepw \akvIcn¡p¶hÀ¡pw _m[IamWv (tbml 4:23-24).c£ asämcp Xc¯nepanÃ;\mw c£n¡s¸Sphm³ BImi¯n³ Iogn a\pjycpsS CSbn \ÂIs¸«p. thsdmcp \mahpw Cà (At¸m 4;12). C{]Imcw hnizkn¡p¶ Gh\pw BZyw PqXÀ¡pw ]n¶oSv bh\À¡pw kphntij c£bv¡pÅ ssZhiànbmIp¶p. kphntij¯n ssZh¯nsâ \oXn hnizmkw tlXphmbmepw hnizmk¯n\mbns¡m­pw shfns¸Sp¶p. \oXnam³ hnizmk¯m Pohn¡pw (tdma 1:14þ17). ssZhw a\pjys\ tIm]¯n\Ã, tbip{InkvXp aqew c£{]m]n¡p¶Xn\mWv hn[n¨ncn¡p¶Xv (1 sXÊ 5:9).

ssZhs¯¡pdn¨pÅ Adnhv ssZhoIamb ZpxJ¯ntebv¡v \bn¡pw.  ssZh¯n³ {]ImcapÅ ZpxJw am\km´cap­m¡pIbpw AXv c£bnte¡v \bn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (2 sImdn 7:10). C{]Imcw kphntij kXyhN\amIpIbpw \½psS am\km´cw ]cnip²mßmhn\m ap{Zbn«ncn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (Fs^ 1:13). ]m]hntamN\w e`n¡p¶Xv Xncpshgp¯pIfn \n¶mWv. Xncpshgp¯pIÄ ssZh\nizknX§fmIbm tbip{InkvXphnepÅ hnizmk¯m c£bv¡v Úm\nbmIm³ Ah ]men¡p¶p (2 Xntam 3:15þ16). ssZh¯nsâ ]p{Xs\¦nepw Xm³ A\p`hn¨ IjvS§fm Ah³ A\pkcWw ]Tn¨p. A§s\ k¼qÀW\mb Ah³ Xs¶ A\pkcn¡p¶ GhÀ¡pw \nXyc£bpsS ImcW‘qX\mbn¯oÀ¶p (F{_ 5:8þ9).

C{]Imcw {InkvXp Hcn¡Â At\IcpsS ]m]§sf Npa¡m³ AÀ¸nX\mbn. ]m]s¯ ssIImcyw sN¿m\ÃmsX, Xs¶ Im¯p\n¡p¶hcpsS c£bv¡mbn Ah³ c­maXpw {]Xy£\mIpw (F{_ 9:28). At¸mÄ c£ FÃmhÀ¡pw s]mXphmbn ssIhcp¶p. AXv FÃmhÀ¡pambn hnip²sc `ctaÂ]n¨ncn¡p¶p (bqZm 3). ssZhw {InkvXphn\p \ÂIpIbpw Ah³ tbml¶m\p ssIamdpIbpw sNbvX shfn]mSn\p tijw asämcp shfn]mSpanÃ. a\pjy kapZmb¯nsâ tamN\¯n\p th­sXÃmw ss__nfn AS¡w sNbvXncn¡p¶p. c£bpw iàbpw alXzhpsaÃmw ssZh¯nsâ BIp¶p. Ah³ AXv Xsâ tkhIÀ¡mbn {InkvXphneqsS shfns¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p. AXn BÀ¡pw amäw hcp¯mhp¶Xà (shfn 22:18þ19).

hnip²cpsS Ahkm\s¯ ap{ZbnS ]cnip²mßmhn\memIp¶p. ss__nfn ]gb \nba¯n \ymb{]amWw shfns¸Sp¯Â sXm«pÅ ssZh\nba§fpsS shfns¸Sp¯ens\ ASnØm\am¡nbmWXv.

hmKvZm\¯nsâ ssZhZqX³ F¶ \nebnemWv {InkvXp kn\mbn h¨v \ymb{]amWw \ÂIp¶Xv At±lw ]dªp:

BImihpw `qanbpw Hgnªpt]mIpw hsc kIehpw \nhr¯nbmIpthmfw \ymb{]amW¯n \n¶v Hcp hÅn ]pÅn t]mepw Hgnªpt]mIp¶nÃ. AXn\m Cu Gähpw sNdnb IÂ]\Ifn H¶v Agn¡pIbpw a\pjys\ A§s\ ]Tn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶h³ kzÀKcmPy¯n Gähpw sNdnbh³ F¶p hnfn¡s¸Spw; F¶m Ahsb BNcn¡pIbpw ]Tn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ht\m kzÀKcmPy¯n Gähpw henbh³ F¶p hnfn¡s¸Spw (a¯m 5:18þ19).