On 18 July 1997, Dr John Heap, the Director of the UK based Scott Polar Research Institute, gave an interview with the Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) radio news program. He said, in speaking with the announcer about the history of Antarctic research after the recent ANARE Jubilee Science Conference, that the threat of global warming was like the Sword of Damocles hanging over the head of everyone living below 60 metres (200 feet) above sea level. What did he mean by that statement? How will the waters get that high? When will they get that high? When will it start? These are very important questions and the politicians are saying nothing.

The president of the Maldives said that global warming threatens his nation. He was reported in the following news extract from the St Paul Pioneer Express on 25 June 1997:

In an urgent plea for help, island nations at the Earth Summit are telling an alarming tale of the here and now: The seas already may be encroaching on their fragile lands. The president of the Maldives said global warming threatens his nation’s very existence while industrial giants engage in “sterile debates” about cost factors. Already low-lying atolls have been abandoned in Micronesia. A UN report on rising temperatures suggests sea levels may climb a disastrous 2 feet worldwide within 100 years.

Now this does not make all that much sense does it? The UN report says it may rise some 60 centimetres (2 feet) in 100 years and the islands in Micronesia are being abandoned already. Dr Heap says 60 metres (200 feet). Who is kidding who and why?

Since this paper was written in 1997, we have had a major El Nino and a serious rise in temperatures in the Pacific.

The rise in world sea levels is already visible. It is visible on the coast of Australia right now.

Recently, New Zealand scientists announced they were concerned that the Antarctic ice cap was breaking up and drifting away in 10 hectare (25 acre) blocks.

A recent TV documentary in Australia examined the depletion of the krill and penguin populations in Antarctica. The krill population is down 50% and the penguin population is down 25%. Why is this?

Krill breed under the southern ice cap. They live under and from the ice system and breed there. Krill are small crustaceans like shrimp. They form the basis of the food chain in the southern oceans. They are the staple food of the whales. The fish are dependent upon them and the penguins are hence also at risk. If the levels continue to decrease, we will not have to worry about whale quotas; none will survive.

Since this time there has been an increase in incidents of the meltdown in the Antarctic cap.

After El Nino the increase in temperatures in the Antarctic resulted in viral infections amongst the sea lion population. Something like 11,000 sea lions died from viral infections from the warming sea. What would that be? Scientists are now saying that there are viruses we have never encountered before, locked in the ice sheafs that are now being released. So we are going to encounter viruses thousands of years old and we will not be able to deal with them.

Interview with Jim Titus of the US EPA

In a recent Internet interview with Jim Titus of the US Environmental Protection Agency, I posed some simple questions to him about the possibility of the caps melting and the effects of each cap on the world sea levels. The following is a summary of the questions and answers.

(Cox) If the Greenland cap melted:

(a) What is the projected total rise in world sea level?

(b) What is the speed or time-frame under present estimated conditions?

(Jim Titus) If the entire ice sheet melted, [the seas would] probably [rise] about six metres. This is likely to take at least one thousand years. (The EPA report is at http://www.gcrio.org/EPA/sealevel/text.html). The estimates are in Chapter 7. The Greenland section is in Chapter 4. You are looking at, most likely, only a few centimetres in the next century but perhaps as much as 30 cm.

[1,000 years ago, Danes settled Greenland, which had much less ice than at present.]

(Cox) If the Antarctic cap melted:

(a) What is the effect of the West basin on sea levels?

(b) What is the effect of the entire cap on sea levels?

(Jim Titus) [It would be] 6 metres for the West and about 60 metres for the entire ice sheet. This would take tens [of thousands of years].

(Cox) What is the combined effect on sea levels?

(Jim Titus) Forget East Antarctica. The only plausible scenario for a large rise is West Antarctica combined with a large Greenland warming causing a 4-metre rise in 200 years and about 8 metres in 500 years. That is unlikely but the estimates are contained in Chapter 7 of the EPA report.

(Cox) What is the lack of reflection effect going to do with the temperature system rather than just the greenhouse gas effect?

(Jim Titus) This feedback is included in the models. The main reduction in Albedo is the retreat of sea ice, not the glacier, since much more sunlight hits the sea ice. Note also that melting of the Arctic cap will come sooner, maybe a few centuries, which would cause a radiative asymmetry between northern and southern hemispheres.

(Cox) What is the effect of thermo-nuclear devices being used to melt the caps? It appears that this will make all theories irrelevant. How many nuclear or other weapons will it take to melt:

(a) the Greenland cap?

(b) the Antarctic cap?

(Jim Titus) We don’t know.

(Cox) What is the effect of the glaciers on the total levels?

(Jim Titus) I have already covered this above (see also Chapter 7 of the report).

(Cox) What is the total thermal effect on sea levels of a 10-degree rise in world temperatures?

(Jim Titus) A rough rule of thumb is 30 cm per degree after a few centuries.

(Cox) Have you any other comments that might be useful in dealing with this matter in a simple and responsible fashion yet showing the very real dangers involved.

(Jim Titus) Yes. People need to start figuring out how to plan their shoreline management.

Otherwise we will end up armouring the shores, especially estuaries, and having no beaches or wetlands. This is long term land use planning, but far cheaper than cutting fossil fuel use. So if we are even thinking of the latter, we should do the former too. The sea will rise. It is too late to stop the whole rise. Yet we develop the coasts as if this was not an eventuality. We need to change land ownership in some coastal areas so that the areas will revert to nature as the sea rises.

Jim Titus has produced details in his wetland policy paper and in his paper on how to protect wetlands and beaches without hurting property owners.

I then posed another serious question to him about whether he had considered the effect that the mass might have in a polar shift from the effect of mass on the earth’s core.

He frankly admitted that other people have, but his studies did not. He said that this is not as big of an issue in the USA. He said that, “studies suggest maybe a 10% variation in the USA.” He said existing sea level rise is already a problem due to land subsidence, etc.

The results of these are contained in Chapter 7 of the report. Jim has written on the impacts. Most of the papers are at http://www.erols.com/jtitus.

The real answer to the long term planning problem is to find out how much of the world by countries will be flooded by rises of 30 cm (1 foot), 50 cm (1.6 feet), 1 metre (3.3 feet), 2 metres (6.6 feet), 5-6 metres (16-19 feet), and so on. The studies have already been done for the USA. The details are in Jim Titus’ paper Holding Back the Sea.

He said that there is no excuse for not developing these estimates for Australia and, indeed, every country.

This was a straightforward and hopefully helpful interview to get an idea of the problem if the estimates are correct based on current rates. No provision has been made for the effects of nuclear war and/or terrorist activity or space station laser guided or based weapons systems. Similarly, the likelihood of the East Antarctic melt is considered slight. This may be an error. (Now we are finding that it is a serious error). There is a serious military option in this structure for short term advantage that is not being considered and which is examined in the paper The Last Thirty Years: the Final Struggle (No. 219).

The total effect of the cap melt is at least a 66 metres (well over 200 feet) rise in sea levels without superheating.

The melt of the East Antarctic cap will reduce reflection and this has not been fully appreciated. War has not been fed into the statistics. Some nations are particularly more vulnerable than others to large-scale sea rise. North-West Europe is a classic example.

More particularly there is another matter of destabilisation of the crust and an increase in earthquakes. The increase in earthquake activity has been relatively significant in the last two years. There are more earthquakes in populated areas than previously recorded. That is important.

Australian Research

In another interview with Bill De La Mare of the Australian Antarctic Research Division based in Hobart, it became clear that the changes have been in stages. De La Mare has done a detailed study from whale kills extracted from the records of world whaling over the extensive period of the records from last century up until the 1970s. From the records of each whale taken, Bill was able to plot the movement of the Antarctic shelf over that period. The whales feed on krill and are found near the shelf. The records of their positions in whaling provided a record of the changes in the shelf itself over the period of the whaling. He told in the ABC radio interview of 4 September 1997 that the shelf had regressed quite significantly over the period from the mid-1950s until the 1970s. It moved southwards towards the pole by some 300 kilometres (186 miles) and the ice shelf lost was about an area of approximately two-thirds the size of Australia. This reduction stabilised in the 1970s and he says satellite technology has shown no significant changes since the 1970s. The major activity of the period was above ground nuclear testing. This may be coincidental or highly significant.

So, we see that, over the last few decades, there has been a significant change in the Antarctic ice, which seems to have stabilised for the period from the 1970s until the present, but recent British reports indicate it is on the march again. The temperature has risen 2.5 degrees since the 1940s. In a British Antarctic Survey (BAS) report of 27 February 1995, Dr Mike Thomson said, after flying over the Larsen Ice Shelf, that he had never seen anything like the dramatic and very recent changes to the Larsen Ice Shelf in 25 years of Antarctic field work. The observations came hard on the heels of the disintegration of the Wordie Ice Shelf on the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Glaciologist David Vaughan said:

There is no doubt that the climate on the Antarctic peninsula has warmed significantly over the last few decades. What we are seeing now are changes only just working through to glaciers and ice sheets. It’s an exciting time for glaciologists (BAS, ibid.).

Since these observations were made, the Larsen Ice Shelf was reported as being disintegrated along with the Wordie.

This is the cause of the depletion in the krill and the penguin populations. For the first time in recorded history, in the summer of 1995, James Ross Island was circumnavigable. The ice shelf in the Prince Gustav Channel disintegrated. A huge iceberg has been calved from the Larsen Ice Shelf measuring 78 km x 37 km (48 miles x 23 miles). This is about the size of Oxfordshire. The repeated calving of the smaller bergs is under way as the New Zealand scientists are reporting now.

The models do not take into account the localised effect of temperature in the Antarctic and clearly that is happening now at an increasing rate. The hole in the ozone layer may be exacerbating this event.

What also has occurred, is that they have now discovered their models were wrong, because they assumed an even temperature increase. What they have found now is that the temperature increase is much higher at the Poles than it is at the Equator. So with a 2 degree temperature increase at the Equator, you are looking at up to a 12 degree temperature increase at the Poles. That has not been taken into account either, but is now being put into the models.

The variations in temperature in the Antarctic appear not to be simply a localised event. In an ABC TV news report on 12 September 1997, we were informed that the new studies indicate that the rising temperatures are going to be some 4 degrees at the equator, 6 degrees at the temperate zones and 12 degrees at the poles within the next 50 years.

Thus, the observed changes are part of that disproportionate fluctuation. The poles will melt much faster and increase global warming and ice cap melt much faster than expected.

By regressive analysis we see the earth shown as being tilted on a different axis, some 9,000 years ago. It is now acknowledged that the earth’s axis rotates on a 22,000-year cycle.

The difference in tilt of the axis with the south away from the sun saw the levels of precipitation increase in Africa. There was thus a higher incidence of fresh water lakes in Africa, Australia and elsewhere. This explains the Piri Reis map of 1513 (compiled from ancient maps in the library at Alexandria before it was burnt by Muslims in the seventh century) showing rivers and lakes in Africa where now there are only depressions and desert (cf. Cyrus Gordon Before Columbus, Turnstone Press Ltd, 1972, pp. 71-73).

The incidence of the warming effect on the oceans is also contributing to the El Nino effect of the Eastern Pacific. In an interview on 5 September 1997 with Willem Bouma of the Australian CSIRO Division of Atmospheric Physics, we discussed the El Nino and global warming patterns recently and over time.

In normal times, the currents along the Eastern Pacific take nutrient rich upwelling in the cold currents and enable the colder water fish to breed.

The El Nino is a warm current that prevents the upwelling of the cold currents and kills fish or forces them northwards or elsewhere. The side effects are unstable weather and droughts in the West Pacific and also in South Africa.

Bouma said that the water in the El Nino, which is actually a large surface area of water in the Central and East Pacific, which traditionally warms some 2 to 3 degrees above the norm and introduces this unstable pattern is now 4 to 5 degrees warmer than it was. It is now the hottest recorded in 150 years. The experts say that it may be only because the records do not go back further than that.

Bouma said: The last pattern in 1991-1994 was similar to the pattern in 1911-1912. The one in 1982-1983 was severe but the current pattern is more severe than that. The problem is that the matter is so complex that it is difficult to produce a comprehensive model. The El Nino has only recently been quantified.

There has been a La Nina since then and higher rainfalls in the West Pacific, but there has been increasing instability in bouts in the East Pacific and elsewhere.

Bouma said the atmospheric scientists now know that we have higher levels of methane and carbon dioxide than ever before. He said there are going to be changes over the next 30 years and people talk in terms of 30 cm (1 foot) and 1 degree but the fact is that we do not know what the exponential effect of these changes is going to be. Moreover, the adaptation of societies will cause problems of their own even if the changes are not seen as critical in their particular area.

Bouma said that core samples taken by the Russians in Antarctica have been dated back some 160,000 to 200,000 years. The core age is based on fluctuations in the winter and summer snowfall rates. These are also accompanied by levels of volcanic debris in the layers, which can be cross-matched with ocean bed core samples and the rough time-frames established.

Bouma said that the ice cap has air bubbles trapped inside. From that, the levels of carbon dioxide and methane and other gases can be measured. Current increases are very different from the past. He said that there have been rapid changes in the past, and the times when changes are taking place produces the most instability and variation in patterns.

He was asked if there had been catastrophic periods in the past.

Bouma said yes. There had been two significant catastrophic periods dated at some 10,000 years ago and another at some 150,000 years ago. These two dates have significance for the human fossil record, as we will see.

Bouma said that there had also been periods in recent history where local changes were caused by catastrophes, which seemed quite disastrous for those involved. He said that, for example, there were massive floods in Holland in 1513. The St Elizabeth flood saw changes in the Rhine delta, which caused large populated land areas of Holland go under water permanently. Whilst these were local, they were catastrophic. He said that St Vincent’s Gulf in South Australia was also sinking at present and any increase in water levels would exacerbate the problems faced there.

Bouma also pointed out that Sweden and Norway are still rising from the last ice age and that Papua New Guinea has risen several hundred metres over a relatively short period of time.

His greatest concern was that we do not know how the climate will react in the long term as our models are too inaccurate to predict the consequence and we should be very concerned about contributing to any destabilising changes.

One of the problems was that people could face “Acts of God” stoically but were concerned about things they themselves induced. Thus, the instability introduced by induced global warming was making people in low-lying areas more concerned.

His information was most helpful and we are thus in a position to put together a number of factors before we look at the prophetic picture.

We might deduce from all this information that the oceans are warming faster than expected. This may be helped by movements of the currents out of the normal patterns. This is responsible for the destabilised patterns in Asia, Australasia and the Americas.

The loss of the ice sheets in recent decades could be due to the increases in carbon dioxide and methane but it also may have been helped by simple atmospheric problems such as above ground nuclear testing in the 1950s-1970s and volcanic activity.

We have no real knowledge of the long-term effects of any significant atmospheric disturbance by volcanic eruption.

Land use

There is also an obvious and urgent requirement for the structuring of society based on sound long-term planning, and relocation of the major industrial and population resources away from the sea coast. This involves restructuring and an opportunity, this time, to do it right and in accordance with God’s laws as laid down in the Bible. Building nuclear power stations under 100 metres (328 feet) above current sea level, if at all, is simply madness.

The wars of the end are going to give us a clean slate and a new start, whether we like it or not. This is against the current trend to centralisation in city-states under the New World Order.

Normal fluctuations

The next question we must examine is:
Is it normal for fluctuations in the sea levels to occur? The answer is: Yes, it is normal. From the records on the south coast of New South Wales from last century, and from their maritime berthing systems, we can observe that the sea level was higher last century than it is now. Perhaps it was affected by unknowns, such as current changes and tidal movements. This might be affected also by land rise or fall. It might have been as much as 1 metre (3 feet). Ships used to come in where they cannot now enter. There is also evidence of a number of tidal marks and evidence on the coast of Australia that shows we have had higher and lower sea levels over the past ages. Some few thousand years ago, the coastline was much further out than it now is. A long time ago, it was much higher than it now is. Central Australia was once under water as the fossil evidence discloses. There are sandstone shelves all along the east coast.

How do these fluctuations occur? It appears that there have been warmer and colder periods in the earth’s history. Last century may have been a little warmer. Perhaps, we see the evidence in our coastal history in Australia. It is worthwhile noting that big changes occur through the earth’s crust. The last earthquake in Turkey moved that country towards Greece by a significant figure. We now see the Pacific Rim having earthquakes in popular centres. That also adds to the rise and the fall of land masses.

Movement of the ice caps

Another explanation is in the movement of the caps themselves. If the core of the earth changes then we can have three things happen. At present the North Pole is totally in water and the South Pole is totally on land. As sea ice has some 10% of its volume out of the water and, on melting, loses that volume and returns to the same sea level, we see no appreciable difference in the water level. However, there are two caps, one on Greenland and the other on Antarctica, which are on land. If they both melted, or even partially melted, the story would be vastly different. This melted ice would add to the world’s sea volume and the levels would rise. Thus, there are a number of alternatives for the world’s coastal systems.

If the ice caps are all on or over land systems, then the coastline of the other landmasses is reduced by the volume of water in the ice caps over those land systems. The end result is the reduction in the water volume and a drop in mean sea levels to what they are known to have been some thousands of years ago. This is accepted as fact by Australian scientists (see Lampert, The Great Kartan Mystery, ANU, 1981, esp. pp. 166ff.; cf. the paper The Resurrection of the Dead (No. 143), pp. 4-5).

Heiner Josenhans of the Geologic Survey of Canada holds that there was a migration corridor from Asia to the Americas through the area near Queen Charlotte Island. Josenhans holds that America, some 10,000 years ago (by his dating), was a land of ice mountains 2,437 metres (8,000 feet) high and of both land and sea that rose and fell rapidly. We might note that this equates with the period of catastrophic change noted by Willem Bouma above.

Heiner Josenhans says about 14,600 years ago the sea dropped to open a narrow seaside corridor partly aided by the weight of the ice on the land. Scientists have found a human skull on Prince of Wales Island, which they date at 9,800 years old. The dating of these systems is subject to debate as to accuracy. The variations in early dates are best illustrated in the tests done by Svante Paabo and Matthias Krings and colleagues of the Zoological Institute at Munich where the original Neanderthal man (found at Neander Valley near Dusseldorf in 1856) was tested for DNA. They were able to extract the DNA. The DNA was compared with that of humans and chimpanzees. The DNA strings of the Neanderthal had variations in 27 positions, as opposed to eight with humans. They were able to demonstrate that the Neanderthals were not of the same family as with humans. The comments were made that the Neanderthal probably died 30,000 years ago but it is possible that the bones could be 100,000 years old (article New DNA testing puts Neanderthal man out of human’s family tree by Chris Mihill, The Canberra Sunday Times, 13 July 1997, p. 7). These people now hold that man came from a common ancestor out of Africa some 200,000 years ago. This dating is as subjective as we see in the dating applied to the Neanderthals.

Note also that the humanoids are varied and interspersed by the catastrophic periods identified from conventional scientific dating.

We are agreed on the common ancestor element. Professor Stringer holds that about 40,000 years ago it was likely that Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens over-lapped (Mihill, ibid., cf. Cell 1997). However, we are speaking of Cro-magnons and not of the current humans, Homo Sapiens Sapiens, and it is wrong to suggest they are the same species.

However, the dating and conditions appear to preclude any short history along 6,000-year lines for the earth systems and the Cro-magnons or Neanderthals. What we do see is that there have been rapid shifts in poles and water levels. Land masses have risen and fallen from ice weight and shifts. That makes the planet a lot more unstable than we would like to imagine. The one true God made the earth and He will bring about its end for His purpose.

Proverbs 8:22-26 The LORD possessed me in the beginning of his way, before his works of old. ²³ I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was. ²⁴ When there were no depths, I was brought forth; when there were no fountains abounding with water. ²⁵ Before the mountains were settled, before the hills was I brought forth: ²⁶While as yet he had not made the earth, nor the fields, nor the highest part of the dust of the world. (KJV)

God alone, who dwells between the cherubim, created the earth. He brings forth the mountains and the seas. He alone established them and directs their functions. He alone is the one true God.

Isaiah 37:16 O LORD of hosts, God of Israel, that dwellest between the cherubims, thou art the God, even thou alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth: thou hast made heaven and earth. (KJV)

Isaiah 45:18 For thus saith the LORD that created the heavens; God himself that formed the earth and made it; he hath established it, he created it not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited: I am the LORD; and there is none else. (KJV)

Psalm 102:25-27Of old hast thou laid the foundation of the earth: and the heavens are the work of thy hands. ²⁶They shall perish, but thou shalt endure: yea, all of them shall wax old like a garment; as a vesture shalt thou change them, and they shall be changed: ²⁷But thou art the same, and thy years shall have no end. (KJV)

God changes the earth like a garment.

Shifts of the Earth’s core

At some stage in the recent past, we have had a shift in the core of the earth and a tilt in the earth’s axis system. The finds in Siberia of the snap-frozen mammoths with sub-tropical grasses still in their mouths indicate this was fairly recent. If by some other chance the tilt placed both poles in the water then, and only one ice cap on land, e.g. Greenland, or Europe, or North America (as seems to be the case from Josenhans, AAP, St Paul Pioneer Express, 4 July 1997, p. 7A), then there would be a rise in the water. This rise would be according to the volume of water in ice on the Antarctic cap. The other case is for it to be the Greenland cap. It may not be a coincidence at all that the level of shift involved in the Josenhans model is also 60 metres (200 feet) (ibid.). He blames it on the ice weight on the coastal range of North America. It may simply be the effects of the North Pole and the northern ice system on North America prior to its last change. These ice ages were not gradual involving aeons, they may have happened over night as in Siberia at the last pole shift.

Modern science resists such explanations and turn on their kind who suggest these alternatives. The scholastic persecution of I Velikovsky for his Worlds In Collision and Ages in Chaos is a classic example. The real problem here is that it destroys the notion of steady-state evolutionary theory and introduces the possibility of an interventionist model. Moreover, the scientific or scholastic reputations of the university elite are often model dependent. For example, Egyptologists are more or less dependent upon the time dating of the ancient scribe Manetho for the chronology of the early dynasties. Often their degrees are dependent upon conformity with accepted models.

A recent attack was made on the scientist Louis Frank over his Cosmic Snowball theory because it involves shifts in paradigms. It is, however, now admitted that Frank seems right, and the earth is continually bombarded by cosmic snowballs of ice that melt and add water to the earth’s atmosphere. It is estimated that there is enough water to fill the oceans again, out in the solar system between us and Jupiter (see article Robert S Boyd Cosmic Snowballs, St Paul Pioneer Express, 29 May 1997).

There is, however, evidence that the caps were not always where they are now and that view seems to come from unexpected sources and not just earth scientists. We know that there was heavy trans-Atlantic commerce millennia ago, and that it went on as late as the dispersal of the Jews after the Bar Kochba revolt as we see from Professor Cyrus Gordon’s work Before Columbus, Turnstone Press Ltd, 1972. In that work, Gordon has published the ancient Piri Reis map produced in 1513 from much more ancient maps taken from the library at Alexandria, before the Muslims burnt the library in the seventh century (see pp. 71-73). The coastline of Antarctica is also included and we have not been able to do this until this century because of the ice cap. Thus, it was either warmer then or the cap was centred elsewhere. Moreover, they had the capacity then to measure longitude and the coasts of America and Africa are shown in their correct longitudinal relationship (ibid.). We could not do this until the seventeenth century.

I discussed with other scholars about the ogham scripts, which were the writing systems of the Celts, their incidence and implications for the Anglo-Saxon and Celtic people. Some of the information that became available was that through these trans-Atlantic movements, which have continued on uninterrupted, one of the American Indian tribes is actually descended from the Welsh. They laid out their villages in a similar manner. They had sailed up the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, landed and established a colony in America. We know of their movements from contemporaneous records in Wales. Nothing is said of them because it does not suit the purposes of the European church. They have suppressed the truth for 1,600 years. We were entered into a dark-age through religious ambition.

In the same way these ogham scripts are found right through the area of the Indian tribes on the east coast through West Virginia. Some of them are now under water, but they are all there. The Indians are curiously writing in Celtic script, which is perhaps more ancient, because it does not possess a couple of aspects of the later Celtic script. It shows you that there was massive movement by the Celts and the Jews and other people, into the Americas, over the periods of climatic change. It is not a steady state isolated system, as these so-called authorities would have us believe. There is an inability to analyse world history correctly or cohesively.

What is the effect of the loss of the Antarctic cap?

On modern estimates, there is enough ice in the West Antarctic basin alone to raise the sea level 5 to 6 metres (16 to 19 feet). This basin is ice on land and some is below sea level but that makes an overall net rise of 5 metres (16 feet). The remainder of the ice will rise a further 60 metres (200 feet) and the effect of both caps is over 66 metres (216 feet) (as per John Heap and Jim Titus above). What the factor of net heat gain will be can only be estimated. This could raise the sea level by a further 30 metres (100 feet) or so. Thus, we are looking at anything up to perhaps 100 metres (328 feet) rise in mean sea level.

The caps reflect a large amount of the sun’s heat. With the caps gone, the land will not reflect the same amount of heat and it will be retained in the earth’s atmosphere. Thus, it will get very hot.

The rise in mean temperature will see the weather patterns become more and more unstable.

Effect of the rising sea levels on the world’s land mass and eco-system

With the partial loss of the Antarctic cap, we will see a 5 metre (16 feet) rise. This will make the low-lying islands disappear, and some regions, such as Holland and the delta areas, will become virtually uninhabitable. They will have to relocate. All low-lying world land areas will inundate. The river systems will back up and they will be tidal far inland. The water collection capacity will be seriously diminished. Drinking water will become restricted. The increase in the heat will make the contaminated areas turn red with algae. The altered algal systems will kill the fish breeding areas and the fish stocks will start to die.

This effect will be gradual at first and then accelerate exponentially as the caps melt. This will destabilise the weight of the land systems and increase the stress on the plate systems governing the landmasses. Antarctica has already commenced to rise as the weight reduces. The result will be more earthquake activity.

Over the last two years, since this paper was written, we have seen increased earthquake activity in the populated areas. This inundation of the low lying countries will then help fulfil another biblical prophecy, which we have covered in the paper Calling the Peoples to Jerusalem (No. 238). Then the tribe of Zebulun will be able to take up its inheritance and commence the calling of the peoples to Jerusalem. That will be the start of the move back of the tribes.

Effects of increased earthquake activity

In the paper The Food Laws (No. 15) we saw how the heavy metal concentrations were in specific areas around the world. Those areas coincide with the fault systems in which earthquake activity occurs. When the earthquake activity commences, the release of heavy metals will increase algal bloom and the seas will become red with the red tide effect. The effect of the heavy metal concentrations in the algae is to increase the levels of toxicity in fish. In the partially developed biblical catastrophe described in the seven trumpets of Revelation, we see that a third of the fish in the seas die. This follows the increased earthquake activity following on from the final persecution of the last days under the fifth seal (see the papers The Seven Seals (No. 140) and The Seven Trumpets (No. 141)).

Revelation 6:9-17 And when he had opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of them that were slain for the word of God, and for the testimony which they held: ¹⁰And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth? ¹¹And white robes were given unto every one of them; and it was said unto them, that they should rest yet for a little season, until their fellowservants also and their brethren, that should be killed as they were, should be fulfilled. ¹²And I beheld when he had opened the sixth seal, and, lo, there was a great earthquake; and the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon became as blood; ¹³And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind. ¹⁴And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places. ¹⁵And the kings of the earth, and the great men, and the rich men, and the chief captains, and the mighty men, and every bondman, and every free man, hid themselves in the dens and in the rocks of the mountains; ¹⁶And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb: ¹⁷For the great day of his wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand? (KJV)

The hurting of the earth takes place after the persecution of the fifth seal – thus, the earth is not hurt until the activities of Revelation 7 take place; namely the sealing of the 144,000 and the selection of the great multitude. Until that time, the earth is not to be hurt.

Revelation 7:13-17 And one of the elders answered, saying unto me, What are these which are arrayed in white robes? and whence came they? ¹⁴And I said unto him, Sir, thou knowest. And he said to me, These are they which came out of great tribulation, and have washed their robes, and made them white in the blood of the Lamb. ¹⁵Therefore are they before the throne of God, and serve him day and night in his temple: and he that sitteth on the throne shall dwell among them. ¹⁶They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more; neither shall the sun light on them, nor any heat. ¹⁷For the Lamb which is in the midst of the throne shall feed them, and shall lead them unto living fountains of waters: and God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes. (KJV)

Thus, we see that the tribulation of the fifth seal is followed by this turbulent activity. The coming of the Messiah is understood as inevitable at this time. Thus, the increased earthquake activity and the heavenly signs not only herald the arrival of Messiah and the redemption of the elect, but they set off the chain reaction that is about to occur in the activity regarding the world’s nations and particularly the coast-lands. This activity is described in Revelation 8 ff.

Thus, the earthquakes themselves, in addition to the pollution, release heavy metals into the world’s oceans and increase the activities which result in the death of a third of the fish stocks mentioned in Revelation 8:1-5.

Revelation 8:1-5 And when he had opened the seventh seal, there was silence in heaven about the space of half an hour. ²And I saw the seven angels which stood before God; and to them were given seven trumpets. ³And another angel came and stood at the altar, having a golden censer; and there was given unto him much incense, that he should offer it with the prayers of all saints upon the golden altar which was before the throne. ⁴And the smoke of the incense, which came with the prayers of the saints, ascended up before God out of the angel's hand. ⁵And the angel took the censer, and filled it with fire of the altar, and cast it into the earth: and there were voices, and thunderings, and lightnings, and an earthquake. (KJV)

We see from this text that the persecution of the saints and their prayers bring the intervention of God. He sends Messiah at the advent. The fire of the altar is cast upon the earth and this activity causes the thunders and lightning and an earthquake. This is the active phase of what we might call the global warming activities and the wrath of God.

The first series of trumpets are sounded and fire and hail is brought down on the earth and then the third part of the earth is burnt up, including the trees and all green grass. In other words, it becomes arid and the heat dries the grasslands and they are burnt.

Revelation 8:6-7 And the seven angels which had the seven trumpets prepared themselves to sound.

⁷The first angel sounded, and there followed hail and fire mingled with blood, and they were cast upon the earth: and the third part of trees was burnt up, and all green grass was burnt up. (KJV)

The earthquake activity causes explosions and a major landslip of catastrophic proportions.

Revelation 8:8-9 And the second angel sounded, and as it were a great mountain burning with fire was cast into the sea: and the third part of the sea became blood; ⁹And the third part of the creatures which were in the sea, and had life, died; and the third part of the ships were destroyed. (KJV)

This activity sees a third of the ships destroyed also and so we are looking at not just heavy metals and algal blooms – we are looking also at attendant tsunamis.

Tsunamis

Scientists have long known that a massive tsunami struck the east coast of Australia some 100,000 years ago in geological terms according to today’s models. They did not know what caused it. A few years ago they determined that it was actually caused by a landslip in Hawaii 105,000 years ago. There will be other more massive slips than this in the period of the second trumpet. Scientists estimate that the San Andreas Fault has to go within the next ten years. This does not take into account the increasing effects, described above, on fault movement. The San Andreas Fault system has the capacity to create a tsunami that may devastate the east coast of Australia.

Tsunamis travel at just below the speed of sound and may be a wall of water some hundreds of feet high. The wave referred to above was between 90 metres (300 feet) and 300 metres (1,000 feet) high travelling just under some 1,126 kilometres per hour (700 miles per hour). The destructive capacity of such a wave is enormous. Each landslip and earthquake will set off its own tsunami activity. Thus, one-third of the world’s shipping will be destroyed.

This heating up and increased volcanic activity of the earth will then cause the destruction of the earth’s water systems and the back up and pollution of its fish breeding grounds.

This shortage will be increased by the incidence of a comet sent by God to deal with the earth’s wilful disregard for His laws.

Revelation 8:10-11 And the third angel sounded, and there fell a great star from heaven, burning as it were a lamp, and it fell upon the third part of the rivers, and upon the fountains of waters; ¹¹And the name of the star is called Wormwood: and the third part of the waters became wormwood; and many men died of the waters, because they were made bitter. (KJV)

This increased activity affects the atmosphere. A greenhouse effect is seen so great that the sun is darkened at dawn and dusk so that the days are shortened.

Revelation 8:12-13 And the fourth angel sounded, and the third part of the sun was smitten, and the third part of the moon, and the third part of the stars; so as the third part of them was darkened, and the day shone not for a third part of it, and the night likewise. ¹³And I beheld, and heard an angel flying through the midst of heaven, saying with a loud voice, Woe, woe, woe, to the inhabiters of the earth by reason of the other voices of the trumpet of the three angels, which are yet to sound! (KJV)

Krakatoa erupted last century with the force of many nuclear weapons, and the sky was discoloured around the world for many months.

This activity plunges the earth into such chaos, that what is termed a window of opportunity emerges for the nations poised to destroy our people. These nations are termed Gog and Magog. Who they are will be identified later. These nations participate in what becomes World War III because of the chaos in which the world finds itself. This chaos and warfare open up the opportunity for a number of nations to attack the current European power block. These wars are the wars of the fifth and sixth trumpets of Revelation 9:1-21.

Revelation 9:1-21 And the fifth angel sounded, and I saw a star fall from heaven unto the earth: and to him was given the key of the bottomless pit. ²And he opened the bottomless pit; and there arose a smoke out of the pit, as the smoke of a great furnace; and the sun and the air were darkened by reason of the smoke of the pit. ³And there came out of the smoke locusts upon the earth: and unto them was given power, as the scorpions of the earth have power. ⁴And it was commanded them that they should not hurt the grass of the earth, neither any green thing, neither any tree; but only those men which have not the seal of God in their foreheads. ⁵And to them it was given that they should not kill them, but that they should be tormented five months: and their torment was as the torment of a scorpion, when he striketh a man. ⁶And in those days shall men seek death, and shall not find it; and shall desire to die, and death shall flee from them. ⁷And the shapes of the locusts were like unto horses prepared unto battle; and on their heads were as it were crowns like gold, and their faces were as the faces of men. ⁸And they had hair as the hair of women, and their teeth were as the teeth of lions. ⁹And they had breastplates, as it were breastplates of iron; and the sound of their wings was as the sound of chariots of many horses running to battle. ¹⁰And they had tails like unto scorpions, and there were stings in their tails: and their power was to hurt men five months. ¹¹And they had a king over them, which is the angel of the bottomless pit, whose name in the Hebrew tongue is Abaddon, but in the Greek tongue hath his name Apollyon. ¹²One woe is past; and, behold, there come two woes more hereafter. ¹³And the sixth angel sounded, and I heard a voice from the four horns of the golden altar which is before God, ¹⁴Saying to the sixth angel which had the trumpet, Loose the four angels which are bound in the great river Euphrates. ¹⁵And the four angels were loosed, which were prepared for an hour, and a day, and a month, and a year, for to slay the third part of men. ¹⁶And the number of the army of the horsemen were two hundred thousand thousand: and I heard the number of them. ¹⁷And thus I saw the horses in the vision, and them that sat on them, having breastplates of fire, and of jacinth, and brimstone: and the heads of the horses were as the heads of lions; and out of their mouths issued fire and smoke and brimstone. ¹⁸By these three was the third part of men killed, by the fire, and by the smoke, and by the brimstone, which issued out of their mouths. ¹⁹For their power is in their mouth, and in their tails: for their tails were like unto serpents, and had heads, and with them they do hurt. ²⁰And the rest of the men which were not killed by these plagues yet repented not of the works of their hands, that they should not worship devils, and idols of gold, and silver, and brass, and stone, and of wood: which neither can see, nor hear, nor walk: ²¹Neither repented they of their murders, nor of their sorceries, nor of their fornication, nor of their thefts. (KJV)

This text shows that a war is involved and that the key to all of this activity and the cessation of this activity is repentance before God. Repentance involves doing God’s will and obeying His laws.

This is also contained in the message of Christ in the Olivet Prophecy. The Olivet Prophecy itself builds on Isaiah and the other prophets.

Isaiah 24:19-20 The earth is utterly broken down, the earth is clean dissolved, the earth is moved exceedingly. ²⁰The earth shall reel to and fro like a drunkard, and shall be removed like a cottage; and the transgression thereof shall be heavy upon it; and it shall fall, and not rise again. (KJV)

Isaiah 51:6 Lift up your eyes to the heavens, and look upon the earth beneath: for the heavens shall vanish away like smoke, and the earth shall wax old like a garment, and they that dwell therein shall die in like manner: but my salvation shall be for ever, and my righteousness shall not be abolished. (KJV)

The existing heavens will pass away eventually but, while they remain, the law remains with them. That is the key to understanding what God requires of human behaviour.

Matthew 5:18 ¹⁸For verily I say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled. (KJV)

Thus Messiah is speaking of the end, as it was to be explained further in Revelation.

Matthew 24:3 And as he sat upon the mount of Olives, the disciples came unto him privately, saying, Tell us, when shall these things be? and what shall be the sign of thy coming, and of the end of the world? (KJV)

Matthew 24:14 And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end come. (KJV)

The final preaching of the gospel occurs first. It is followed by the tribulation, which is the beginning of the end, and then the end comes. These are the fifth and sixth seals we have seen above. Following the heavenly signs, the earth is struck.

Matthew 24:29-39 Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the sun be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken: ³⁰And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven: and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. ³¹And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other. ³²Now learn a parable of the fig tree; When his branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is nigh: ³³So likewise ye, when ye shall see all these things, know that it is near, even at the doors. ³⁴Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled. ³⁵Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away. ³⁶But of that day and hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels of heaven, but my Father only. ³⁷But as the days of Noe were, so shall also the coming of the Son of man be. ³⁸For as in the days that were before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noe entered into the ark, ³⁹And knew not until the flood came, and took them all away; so shall also the coming of the Son of man be. (KJV)

Compare these verses also with Mark 13:24-37 and Luke 21:26-36.

The tribulation of the elect happens before the coming of the Messiah and then the heavenly signs proclaim his coming. The first resurrection then occurs. There is no rapture. There is no easy way out. There is no avoiding the law. Christ will come as conquering king to establish his Father’s law on this planet. The most amazed and confused people will be those who claim to be his disciples yet do not keep the commandments of God and the testimony of Messiah. They will do it the hard way because they did not follow his teachings. That is why God is going to deal with the planet and do it thoroughly. Unless Messiah comes back, there will be no flesh left alive. All of this destruction will be our own doing.

Matthew 24:19-28 And woe unto them that are with child, and to them that give suck in those days! ²⁰But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sabbath day: ²¹For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be. ²²And except those days should be shortened, there should no flesh be saved: but for the elect's sake those days shall be shortened. ²³Then if any man shall say unto you, Lo, here is Christ, or there; believe it not. ²⁴For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall shew great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were possible, they shall deceive the very elect. ²⁵Behold, I have told you before. ²⁶Wherefore if they shall say unto you, Behold, he is in the desert; go not forth: behold, he is in the secret chambers; believe it not. ²⁷For as the lightning cometh out of the east, and shineth even unto the west; so shall also the coming of the Son of man be. ²⁸For wheresoever the carcase is, there will the eagles be gathered together. (KJV)

Let us go back and examine this phase of the trumpets and determine how fast it is likely to be.

Since this paper was given in 1997 there has been a significant movement in Protestant Christianity allied with Catholic prophecy. Trinitatians as a whole are now producing prophecy, or interpretation of prophecy, which holds that the anti-Christ will establish the law of God on this planet (the law of Moses) and that Judah will be aligned and allied with that Messiah and that they will build a temple at Jerusalem. That is really the anti-Christ and the real Christ will return after that happens. So you get all the biblical prophecies of the conversion of Judah, the establishment of the Messiah at Jerusalem, the restoration of the law and the reconstruction of the Temple. All of that is occurring, but the Trinitarians are now saying that is to be the anti-Christ and the false system and after that the true Christ will come. In that they set up the conditions of these last days to march against Jesus Christ at Jerusalem. The nations that have now set up this conditional prophecy are actually the so-called Trinitarian Christian nations themselves. They will be involved in the march against Jesus Christ.

The speed of the global warming phase

After the final preaching of the gospel, the tribulation or persecution will take place. This is in fact over a protracted period involving two persecutions. One period is 1,260 years; the other is a short period at the end. The 1,260- year period began in 590 CE and ended in 1850 with the end of the Holy Roman Empire. The last Inquisition was from 1823-1846 (see the ex-Jesuit historian Malachi Martin The Decline and Fall of the Roman Church, Secker and Warburg, London, pp. 254 ff). The final persecution has already begun.

The last persecution is shorter but more intense. The destruction of sound doctrine will be almost complete. However, when Messiah comes there will be no doubt and he will be visible to all. Messiah will then deal with the earth’s religions and the lawlessness that passes for Christianity. Messiah said that this generation will not pass away before all things are accomplished. A generation is 40 years. Thus, the period involved is less than 40 years.

The warming phase has already begun. The earth cannot be hurt until the last few of the 144,000 are sealed. This process was ongoing over 2,000 years. The time-frame of the Messianic age is from the birth of Messiah in 5 BCE for forty Jubilees to the end of the times of the Gentiles. This period ended in the sacred year 1996/97. That was the 2,000th anniversary of the birth of Messiah and the 3,000th anniversary of David’s entry into Jerusalem. It was also seven times or 2,520 years from the invasion of Egypt by Cambyses. This was tied to the earlier period of the establishment of the Babylonian model we saw from the Battle of Carchemish in 605 BCE. The wars of the end began in 1914 with the 2,520 years or seven times from 605 BCE. The major battles commenced on a worldwide basis from 1916 (see the paper The Fall of Egypt (No. 36): the Prophecy of Pharaoh’s Broken Arms). This system of empires (Dan. 2) was to last seven times and that is 2,520 years (7 x 360 -- 360 is a prophetic time of 12 x 30 prophetic days or years). The period of the prophecy covers two arms of forty years, or eighty years in total from 1916-1996/7. The key date is thus 1997 for the beginning of the period of thirty years of the troubles of the last days. At the end time there was to be another period of thirty years from this end of the times of the Gentiles to the restoration under Messiah. This entire process is mirrored in the times of Moses and the wars for the occupation of Israel (see the paper The Fall of Jericho (No. 142)).

All of these problems will be experienced between 1997 and 2027. A possible time-frame for the wars of the end and the progressive phases are examined in the papers The Last Thirty Years: the Final Struggle (No. 219) and Outline Timetable of the Age (No. 272).

As the warming period commences, we will see pressure on the coastal systems. The Bible shows that this problem is not gradual.

Yahovah is sent by Yahovah of Hosts, his God, to protect Jerusalem in the end time period.

Zechariah 2:1-9I lifted up mine eyes again, and looked, and behold a man with a measuring line in his hand. ²Then said I, Whither goest thou? And he said unto me, To measure Jerusalem, to see what is the breadth thereof, and what is the length thereof. ³And, behold, the angel that talked with me went forth, and another angel went out to meet him, ⁴And said unto him, Run, speak to this young man, saying, Jerusalem shall be inhabited as towns without walls for the multitude of men and cattle therein: ⁵For I, saith the LORD, will be unto her a wall of fire round about, and will be the glory in the midst of her. ⁶Ho, ho, come forth, and flee from the land of the north, saith the LORD: for I have spread you abroad as the four winds of the heaven, saith the LORD. ⁷Deliver thyself, O Zion, that dwellest with the daughter of Babylon. ⁸For thus saith the LORD of hosts; After the glory hath he sent me unto the nations which spoiled you: for he that toucheth you toucheth the apple of his eye. ⁹For, behold, I will shake mine hand upon them, and they shall be a spoil to their servants: and ye shall know that the LORD of hosts hath sent me. (KJV)

The direction of the trouble is from the land of the north involving the daughter of Babylon. Thus, we are seeing the trouble emanate from a religious system and a political system combined. This is not Iraq.

We know in this sequence that the islands are moved by quake activity and by rising water.

Revelation 6:14 And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places. (KJV)

This is violent and sudden activity.

Revelation 16:17-21 And the seventh angel poured out his vial into the air; and there came a great voice out of the temple of heaven, from the throne, saying, It is done. ¹⁸And there were voices, and thunders, and lightnings; and there was a great earthquake, such as was not since men were upon the earth, so mighty an earthquake, and so great. ¹⁹And the great city was divided into three parts, and the cities of the nations fell: and great Babylon came in remembrance before God, to give unto her the cup of the wine of the fierceness of his wrath. ²⁰And every island fled away, and the mountains were not found. ²¹And there fell upon men a great hail out of heaven, every stone about the weight of a talent: and men blasphemed God because of the plague of the hail; for the plague thereof was exceeding great. (KJV)

This activity is, as we see from this text, at the end of the vials of the wrath of God. The islands flee away and the mountains are moved. There is a great earthquake such as has not been seen in the history of the world. Thus, the two great quakes are at the early and later parts of the process. The text in Revelation 16:1-16 shows that the period of the vials is used to increase the activities of the planet that involves the waters turning to blood.

The fourth vial is one of great heat. The warming thus increases at an exponential rate. The process is described in Revelation 16:1-9.

Revelation 16:1-9 And I heard a great voice out of the temple saying to the seven angels, Go your ways, and pour out the vials of the wrath of God upon the earth. ²And the first went, and poured out his vial upon the earth; and there fell a noisome and grievous sore upon the men which had the mark of the beast, and upon them which worshipped his image. ³And the second angel poured out his vial upon the sea; and it became as the blood of a dead man: and every living soul died in the sea. ⁴And the third angel poured out his vial upon the rivers and fountains of waters; and they became blood. ⁵And I heard the angel of the waters say, Thou art righteous, O Lord, which art, and wast, and shalt be, because thou hast judged thus. ⁶For they have shed the blood of saints and prophets, and thou hast given them blood to drink; for they are worthy. ⁷And I heard another out of the altar say, Even so, Lord God Almighty, true and righteous are thy judgments. ⁸And the fourth angel poured out his vial upon the sun; and power was given unto him to scorch men with fire. ⁹And men were scorched with great heat, and blasphemed the name of God, which hath power over these plagues: and they repented not to give him glory. (KJV)

The earth is punished because it does not keep the laws of God. God directs Messiah to come and deal with the planet. He specifically tasks these seven angels with bowls of His wrath, which is to be poured out on the earth. Modern science will explain this process away in scientific terms and the world will not repent. The texts, here, show that repentance is what is required of the people and they will not obey. Even when the planet is being destroyed before their very eyes, because of their disobedience, they will not repent and turn to God.

They blaspheme God instead of repenting. This system set up on this planet is part of demonic rebellion against the Most High God Eloah, who is Yahovah of Hosts. They will not change their ways. Most of the people on the planet are led astray by these people and the demons.

See also the paper The Messages of Revelation 14 (No. 270), which is also an explanation of the end period.

Revelation 16:10-16 And the fifth angel poured out hi

Global Warming