Christian Churches of God

[F040vi]

 

 

 

Insiguro kuri Matayo

Igice ca 6

 

(Canditswe 1.5 20220517-20220524)

 

 

 

 

Insiguro ku Bigabane 25-28.

 

 

 

Christian Churches of God

Agasandugu ka Posita 369, WODEN ACT 2606, AUSTRALIA

 

Courriel : secretary@ccg.org

 

 

(Copyright ã 2022 Wade Cox)

(Tr. 2022)

 

Izi nyigisho zishobora gukopororwa no gukwiragizwa k’ubuntu atakiguzi gisabwe mu gihe atacongeweko canke atagikuwemwo muri rusangi. Izina ry’Umwanditsi co kimwe n’ibimuranga hamwe n’uburenganzira bw’umwanditsi bisaba kugumizwamwo. Nta kiguzi gisabwa kuri uwo wese ahawe amakopi. Amajambo magufi arashobora kwandikwa mu gusobanura neza no kuyasubiramwo  neza mu gihe bitononye uburenganzira bw’umwanditsi.

 

Iki cigwa turagisanga ku buhinga ngurukanabumenyi kuri :
http://logon.org/ na http://ccg.org/

 


 Insiguro kuri Matayo, Igice ca 6 [F040vi]

 


Igice ca 6 kirimwo ibisomwa bihambaye cane vy’ubu Butumwa Bwiza.

Turabona ko Kristo arangiza inyigisho ziwe zerekeye Ubwami bwo mw’Ijuru canke Ubwami bw’Imana mu Kigabane ca 25. Ikigabane ca 26 kivuga kwirementanya ryo kwica Mesiya hakavuga igikorwa ciwe. Iki kigabane nico kirimwo Isakaramentu rya Kabiri ry’Ishengero, ari yo Ngaburo Yera, hama aca agurishwa na Yuda. Mu bigabane bitatu bikurikira, yaraciriwe urubanza, arabambwa maze arazuka. Maze arenguka imbere y’Imana nk’Ishikanwa ry’Ivyeze Rizunguzwa. Ivyo vyose tuzobivuga neza dushireko n’ibindi vyanditswe bibisigura neza.

 

Matayo, Ibigabane 25-28 (BY)

 

Ikigabane ca 25

1 Ico gihe ubwami bwo mw’ijuru buzosa n’inkumi cumi, zajanye amatara yazo, zija gusanganira umukwe. Batanu muri bo bar’ibijuju, bandi batanu bar’abanyabwenge. Kuko vya bijuju, mu kujana amatara yavyo, bitajanye n’amavuta ; arikw’abanyabwenge bo, bajananye n’amavuta mu macupa yabo hamwe n’amatara yabo. Umukwe agitebaganye bose barahunyiza, barasinzira. Mu gicugu humvikana urwamo, ngo nguyu umukwe, ni musohoke mumusanganire ! Buno za nkumi zose zirazanzamuka, zitunganya amatara yazo. Vya bijuju bibwira abanyabwenge biti : Ni muduhe se ku mavuta yanyu, kukw’amatara yacu arikw’arazima. Arikw’abanyabwenge barabishura bati : Kumbure ntiyodukwira twese; ivyiza ni muje kubadandaza mwigurire. 10 Bakigiye kugura umukwe arashika, abiteguye binjirana na we mu bukwe, urugi rurugarwa. 11 Mu nyuma za nkumi zindi na zo ziraza ziti : Mupfasoni, mupfasoni, n’utwugururire. 12 Na we arabishura ati : Ndababwire ukuri : Simbazi. 13 Nuko mwame mugavye kuko mutazi umusi canke isaha. 14 Bizoba nk’ivy’umuntu agira agende mu mahanga, ahamagara abantu biwe, abasigarana ivyo atunze. 15 Umwe amuha italanto zitanu, uwundi zibiri, uwundi imwe, uk’umuntu wese ashobora, aja mu mahanga. 16 Uwo mwanyu uwahawe italanto zitanu aragenda arazicuruza, yungukamw’izindi talanto zitanu. 17 N’uwa zibiri abigenza artyo, yungukamw’izindi zibiri. 18 Arik’uwahawe imwe arigira, yimba mu kuzimu, ahisha amahera ya shebuja. 19 Hashize igihe kirekire, shebuja w’abo bantu aragaruka, asuzuma ivyo yabasigaranye. 20 Uwari yahawe italanto zitanu araza, azana italanto zindi zitanu ati : Mugenzi, wari wansigaranye italanto zitanu, ehe nungutsemw’izindi talanto zitanu. 21 Shebuja aramubwira ati : Wagize neza muntu wanje mwiza wo kwizigirwa, wizigiwe kuri bike, nzoguha kugaba vyinshi. Injira mu munezero wa shobuja. 22 Haza uwari yahawe italanto zibiri, ati Mugenzi, wari wansigaranye italanto zibiri, ehe nungutsemwo izindi talanto zibiri. 23 Shebuja aramubwira ati : Wagize neza, muntu wanje mwiza wo kwizigirwa, wizigiwe kuri bike, nzoguha kugaba vyinshi. Injira mu munezero wa shobuja. 24 Kandi haza uwahawe italanto imwe ati : Mugenzi, nari nkuzi k’ur’umuntu w’ingare, wimbura ivyo utarimye, ukumakuma ivyo utasanzaje ; 25 ndatinya, ndagenda mpisha italanto yawe mu kuzimu : ehe ngibi ivyawe. 26 Shebuja aramwishura ati : Wa muntu wanje mubi we, wa kinebwe we, war’uzi ko nimbura ivyo ntarimye, nkumakuma ivyo ntasanzaje ; 27 Nuko war’ukwiye kujana amahera yanje mu bayacuruza, nanje nagaruka nkaronka ayanje n’inyungu yayo. 28 Nuko nimumwake italanto, muyihe uwufise italanto cumi. 29 Kuk’uwufise wese azohabwa, asesekarizwe : arik’uwudafise azokwakwa n’ico yar’afise. 30 N’uyo muntu wanje w’imburakimazi ni mumute hanze mu mwiza, ni ho hazoba amarira no kuryanya insya z’amenyo. 31 Arik’Umwana w’umuntu ah’azozira afise ubwiza bwiwe ari kumwe n’abamarayika biwe bose, ni ho azovyagira ku ntebe yiwe y’ubwiza. 32 Amahanga yose azokoranirizwa mu nyonga ziwe, na we azobarobanura, nk’uk’umwungere arobanura intama mu mpene ; 33 Intama azoziherereza i buryo bwiwe, impene nazo i bumoso. 34 Maz’Umwami azobwira abar’i buryo bwiwe ati : Ni muze, abo Data yahezagiye, muragwe ubwami mwateguriwe, uhereye ku kuremwa kw’isi. 35 Nari nshonje, murangaburira, nari mfise inyota, mumpa ico nywa; nar’ingenzi, mumpa indaro; 36 nagenda gusa, muranyambika; nari ndwaye, muza kuraba uko meze; nari mw’ibohero, muza kundaba. 37 Maz’abagororotsi bazomubaza bati : Mwami, twakubonye ryari ushonje, tukakugaburira; cank’ufise inyota, tukaguha ico unywa ? 38 Twakubonye ryari ur’ingenzi, tuguha indaro; cank’ugenda gusa tukakwambika? 39 Twakubonye ryari urwaye, cank’uri mw’ibohero, tuza kukuraba? 40 Umwami na we azobishura ati : Ndababwire ukuri : Ko mwabigiriye umwe mur’aba bene Data bari hanyuma y’abandi, ni jewe mwabigiriye. 41 Maz’azobwira n’abar’i bumoso ati : Mva i ruhande, mwa bivume mwe, muje mu muriro utazima wateguriwe wa murwanizi n’abamarayika biwe. 42 Nari nshonje, ntimwangaburira; nari mfise inyota ntimwampa ico nywa ; 43 nar’ingenzi, ntimwampa indaro; nagenda gusa ntimwanyambika; nari ndwaye, nari mw’ibohero, ntimwaza kundaba. 44 Maze na bo bazomwishura bati : Mwami, twakubonye ryari ushonje, cank’ufise inyota, cank’ur’ingenzi, cank’ugenda gusa, cank’urwaye, cank’uri mw’ibohero, ntitwagira ico tugukorera ? 45 Maz’azobishura ati : Ndababwire ukuri : Ko mutabigiriye umwe mur’aba bari hanyuma y’abandi, nanje ntimwabingiriye. 46 Abo bazoja mu gihano kidashira, arikw’abagororotsi bazoja mu bugingo budashira.

 

Intumbero y’Ikigabane ca 25

Umugani w’Inkumi Cumi : vv. 1-13

Umugani w’Inkumi yawuciye afatiye ku mico y’ico gihe, aho umukwe yagenda kurehereza umugeni iwabo kugira amuzane i we. Uwu mugani wigisha umuntu ko yokwama atunganye mu mico yiwe atagira icaha ku gira ngo agumye/agumane Mpwemu Yera (No. 117) ku rugero rwo hejuru, kuko tutazi isaha Mesiya azozirako canke igihe c’ukuri c’ugupfa kwiwe. Batanu b’abanyabwenge bagumanye Mpwemu Yera muri bo ariko batanu bibijuju bo siko babigize barabuze ukugene bomuronswa kuko n’igikorwa c’umuntu ku gatwe kiwe kandi ni co kizotuma umuntu aronka ikibanza mu Muzuko wa Mbere (No. 143A) maze bazisanga mu Muzuko wa kabiri (No. 143B) mbere bashobora gusanga bahitanywe n’urupfu rwa kabiri. Amazimano yo m’Ubukwe bw’Umwagazi ntabandi bayagenewe atari abatoranijwe bobo birinze kwanduza impuzu zabo zikaguma zera mu kwitabira Amasakaramentu y’Ishengerocrementu (No. 150), co kimwe no mubindi vyigwa bine, turabona ishirwa mu ngiro ry’uwo mugani : Inzamba (No. 136) Igice ca II : Amazimano y’Ubukwe bw’Umwagazi, na :

kuvuka ubwa Kabiri (No. 172),

Ibinyegezwa vy’Imana (No. 131),

Umwambiro wo kuri Pantekoti (No. 065).

vv. 1-13 : v. 1 Luka 12:35-38 ; Mariko 13:34 ; v. 2. 7:24-27 ; v. 10 Ivyahishuwe 19:9 ; vv. 11-12 Luka 13:25 Matayo 7:21-23 ; v. 13 24 :42 ; Mariko 13:35 ; Luka 12:40. 

 

Umugani w’Italanto : vv. 14-30

Ibinyegezwa vy’Imana (No. 131)

Luka 19:12-27 v. 15 Uwu mugani wurerekana ko bisaba igikorwa gikomeye co kwitanga ku batoranijwe kandi bakazohemberwa igikorwa bakoze mu gukwiragiza ukwizera.

v. 21 Luka 16:10.

v. 29 Umushumba yafashe italanto yiwe akayinyegeza afatwa nk’imburakimazi kuko atakoze ivyo yabwirijwe gukora kandi akaba atakoze kugira yagure Ubwami. Uwo mushumba ntagaciro yagira imbere ya shebuja. Si vyiza kwiyicarira i wawe gusa ntihagire ico ukora mu gushigikira ukwizera.

 

Urubanza rwa Nyuma : vv. 31-46

Insiguro kuri Yosuwa : Igice ca I (No. F006i)

Umugani w’intama n’impene wakoreshejwe kugira werekane ukugene abatoranijwe bobana n’aboro mu mitima no mubutunzi.

Ikintu co kuraba irarirari canke kutitwararika aboro n’abahohoterwa bifatwa nko kugwanya umubiri wa Kristo kandi birahanwa.

v. 31 16:27 ; 19:28 v. 32 Ezekiyeli 34:17 ; isunge kandi amahanga atari Isiayeli (gereranya Abaroma 2:13-16).

v. 34 Luka 12:32 ; Matayo 5:3 ; Ivyahishuwe 13:8 ; 17:8.

vv. 35-36 Yesaya 58:7 ; Yakobo 1:27 ; 2:15-16 ; Abaheburayo 13:2 ; 2 Timoteyo 1:16 ; v. 40 10:42 ; Mariko 9:41 ; Abaheburayo 6:10 ; Imigani 19:17 ; v. 41 Mariko 9:48 ; Ivyahishuwe 20:10 ; v. 46 Daniyeli 12:2 ; Yohana 5:29 Kwinjira mu bugingo budashira = kuragwa ubwami (cf. v. 34).

 

Ikigabane ca 26

1 Yesu arangije ayo majambo yose, abwira abigishwa biwe ati: Murazi yukw’imisi ibiri ni yashira, hazoba Pasika, kand’Umwana w’umuntu azotangwa abambwe. Maz’abaherezi bakuru n’abakuru b’ubwo bwoko bakoranira mu rugo rw’umuherezi mukuru yitwa Kayafa; baja inama yo gusuka Yesu ngo bamufate, bamwice. Ariko bati : Ntitumufate mu misi mikuru, hoye kuvyuka umugumuko mu bantu. Yesu ar’i Betaniya mu nzu kwa Simoni umunyamibembe, umugore aza kuri we afise ikebano ry’amavuta atamirana y’igiciro kinini cane, ayamusuka ku mutwe, arikw’ararya. Arikw’abigishwa babibonye, baritonganya bati : Mbeg’ubu buhombe n’ubw’iki ? Aya yoshoboye kugurwa vyinshi bigahabwa aboro. 10 Yesu avyumvise arababwira ati : Mubabariza iki uyu mugore? Ankoreye igikorwa ciza ; 11 aboro muramana imisi yose, ariko jeho ntituja kwamana imisi yose. 12 Igitumye ansuka ayo mavuta ku mubiri n’ukuntegurira guhambwa. 13 Ndababwire ukuri : Ah’ubu butumwa bwiza buzovugwa hose mw’isi yose, n’ico uyu akoze na co kizovugwa kibe icibutso ciwe. 14 Maz’umwe muri bamwe cumi na babiri, yitwa Yuda Isikariyota, aja ku baherezi bakuru, 15 arababwira ati : Mwompera iki, nkazomubaronkera? Bamugerera intete z’ifeza mirongwitatu. 16 Aherakw’arondera uburyo bwo kumubaronkera. 17 Ku musi w’intangamarara wo kurya imitsima itambiwe abigishwa baza kuri Yesu, baramubaza bati : Ugomba ko tugutegurira hehe ah’uriburire ivya Pasika? 18 Arabishura ati : Ni muje mu gisagara kwa ntuze, mumubarire muti : Umwigisha agize ngw’igihe ciwe kiri hagufi, agira asangirire ivya Pasika n’abigishwa biwe i wawe. 19 Abigishwa bagira nk’uko Yesu yababariye, bategura ivya Pasika. 20 Bugorovye, yicarana n’abigishwa biwe cumi na babiri ngo basangire. 21 Bariko bararya, arababwira ati : Ndababwira ukuri yuk’umwe muri mwebwe agira angure. 22 Barababara cane, batangura kumubaza umw’umwe bati : Ni jewe ga Mugenzi ? 23 Arabishura ati : Uwo duhuje amaboko mu gukoza mu mubehe, ni we angura. 24 Umwana w’umuntu agira agende, uko vyanditswe kuri we, arik’uwo muntu agura Umwana w’umuntu azobona ibara : uwo muntu ivyomubereye vyiza iyaba atavutse. 25 Yuda amugura aramubaza ati : Ni jewe ga Mwigisha ? Na we ati : Urarivuze. 26 Bariko bararya, Yesu yabira umutsima, awuhezagiye arawumanyagura, awuha abigishwa ati : Ni mwabire, murye, uyu n’umubiri wanje. 27 Yabira igikombe, agishimira Imana, arakibaha ati : Ni mukinywereko mwese ; 28 kukw’iki ar’amaraso yanje y’isezerano, aviriye benshi ngo baharirwe ivyaha. 29 Ariko ndababwira yuk’uhereye none ntazokwongera kunywa kur’izi nzabibu ugashitsa kuri wa musi nzosangirira namwe umutobe wazo musha mu bwami bwa Data. 30 Bahejeje kuririmba, barasohoka baja ku musozi wa Elayono. 31 Maze Yesu arababwira ati : Mwebwe mwese mur’iri joro ivyanje bihava bibatsitaza; kuko handitswe ngo : Nzokubita umwungere, intama z’umukuku zisanzare. 32 Ariko ni namara kuzurwa, nzobitangira imbere kuja I Galilaya. 33 Maze Petero aramwishura ati : Ivyawe n’iyo vyotsitaza bose, jeho nta ho bizontsitaza. 34 Yesu aramubwira ati : Ndakubwira ukuri yuko mur’iri joro inkoko itarabika, uhava unyihakana gatatu. 35 Petero aramubwira ati : N’iyo noba nkwiye gupfana na we, sinokwihakana. N’abigishwa bose bavuga bartyo. 36 Maze Yesu ashikana nabo ahantu hitwa i Getsemane, abwira abigishwa biwe ati : Ba muricaye hano, mbanze nje harya gusenga. 37 Ajana Petero na bene Zebedayo bompi, atangura kubabara no guhagarika umutima cane. 38 Arababwira ati : Umutima wanje uri n’akabonge kagomba kunyica : ba muragumye aha, mubane maso nanje. 39 Yunguruza imbere gatoya, arubama, arasenga ati : Data asangwa vyoshoboka, iki gikombe ni kindengane : ariko ntibibe uko jewe ngomba, yamara bibe uko wewe ugomba. 40 Agaruka ku bigishwa, asanga basinziriye, abaza Petero ati : Ubwo ntimurushe mubana maso nanje n’isaha n’imwe! 41 Ni mube maso, musenge, ntimuje mumosha mabi. Umutima ni wo ukunze, arik’umubiri ufise intege nke. 42 Yongera kugenda ubwa kabiri, arasenga ati : Data, asangwa bidashoboka yukw’iki kindengana, shiti nkinywereyeko, ni bibe nk’uk’ugomba ! 43 Yongera kugaruka asanga basinziriye, kukw’amaso yabo yar’aremerewe. 44 Yongera kubasigaho, aragenda, asenga ubwa gatatu, avuga amajambo amwe n’aya mbere. 45 Maz’aragaruka ku bigishwa, arababarira ati : Ni mwisinzirire noneho, muruhuke. Eh’igihe kirashitse, Umwana w’umuntu ashizwe mu maboko y’abanyavyaha. 46 Ni muvyuke, tugende, eh’uwunguze ari hafi. 47 Akivuga, Yuda, umwe muri bamwe cumi na babiri, araza, azananye n’igitero cinshi, kizanye inkota n’amahiri, kivuye ku baherezi bakuru n’abashingantahe b’ubwo bwoko. 48 Arik’uwumugura yari yabahaye ikimenyetso ati : Uwo nja gusoma azoba ari we; mumufate. 49 Ako kanya ashikira Yesu, aramubwira ati : N’amahoro ga Mwigisha? Maz’aramusomagura. 50 Yesu aramubarira ati : Mugenzi wanje, ikikuzanye n’ugikore. Buno baraza,bashorera amaboko kuri Yesu, baramufata. 51 Maz’umwe mu bari kumwe na Yesu atuma ukuboko, asokora inkota  yiwe, ayikubita umushumba w’umuherezi mukuru, amuca ugutwi. 52 Buno Yesu aramubwira ati : Subiza inkota yawe ahayo, kukw’ababanguye inkota bose bazicwa n’inkota. 53 Ugira ngo sinoshobora kwinginga Data, na we akandungikira ubu nyene abamarayika basaga legiyono cumi na zibiri? 54 Non’ivyanditswe vyoshika bite kw’ari ko bikwiye kuba ? 55 Uwo mwanya Yesu abaza ico gitero ati : Mbega munziye kumfata nk’umwambuzi, muzany’inkota n’amahiri? Ko nicara mu rusengero nigisha imisi yose ntimumfate?. 56 Arikw’ivyo vyose bibaye, kugira ngw’ivyanditswe n’abavugishwa n’Imana bishike. Bun’abigishwa bose baramuta, barahunga. 57 Abafashe Yesu bamujana kwa Kayafa, umuherezi mukuru, ni ho abanyabwenge b’vyanditswe n’abashingantahe bari bakoraniye. 58 Ariko Petero amuja inyuma barenga arenguka, gushitsa ku rugo rw’umuherezi mukuru, ashika imbere, yicarana n’abagendanyi ngw’arabe amaherezo. 59 Abaherezi bakuru n’abashingantahe b’amakombe bose baronderera Yesu ibirego vy’ibinyoma, ngo babone ingene bomwica. 60, Ariko barabibura, naho haje abigize ivyabona benshi. Ubuheruka haza babiri: 61 bat’uyo yagize ngo yoshobora gusambura urusengero rw’Imana, akagwubaka mu misi itatu. 62 Umuherezi mukuru arahaguruka, aramubaza ati : Nta co wiregura? Aba bakwagirije iki ? 63 Ariko Yesu arihorera. Umuherezi mukuru aramubwira ati : Ndakurahiye Imana nzima, tubarire kw’ari wewe Kristo, Umwana w’Imana. 64 Yesu aramwishura ati : Urarivuze; yamara ndababwira y’uk’uhereye ubu muzobona Umwana w’umuntu yicaye i buryo bw’Ububasha, aje mu bicu vyo kw’ijuru. 65 Bun’umuherezi mukuru yitantamurirakw’impuzu ziwe ati : Ararogose; turacaronderera iki ivyabona? Ehe muriyumviye ingene arogose ? 66 Mugira ngw’iki? Na bo  bamwishura bati : Akwiye gupfa. 67 Buno bamuvuma amate mu maso, bamukubita ibipfunsi, abandi baramubingura bati : 68 Yewe Kristo, dupfindure : ni nde agukubise? 69 Ariko Petero yari yicaye hanze mu rugo. Incoreke iza ah’ari iti : Nawe nyene mwari kumwe na Yesu Umunyagalilaya. 70 Na we abihakanira mu maso ya bose ati : Ico uvuze sindanakizi. 71 Yungururije mu bikingi vy’irembo, iyindi ncoreke iramubona, ibarira abar’aho iti : N’uyu nyene yarikumwe na Yesu Umunyanazareti. 72 Yongera kubihakana arahira ati :Uyo muntu sindanamuzi. 73 Hahise akanya, abahagazeho baramwegera, babwira Petero bati : N’ivy’ukuri nawe ur’uwo muri bo, bitayeko n’imvugo yawe iraguhinyuza. 74 Bun’atangura kurahira arisiba ati : Uyo muntu sindanamuzi. Uwo mwanya inkoko irabika. 75 Petero yibuka ijambo Yesu yamubwiye ati : Inkoko itarabika uja kunyihakana gatatu. Arenga irembo, araturika ararira.

 

Intumbero y’Ikigabane ca 26

26:1- 27:66 Urupfu rwa Yesu

Mariko 14:1-15:47 ; Luka 22:1-23, 56 ; Yohana 13:1-19:42.

26:1 Arangije soma 7:28n.

 

Inama yo kwica Yesu : vv. 2-5

Soma kandi Mariko 14:1-2 ; Luka 22:1-2 ; Yohana 11:47-53.

v. 2 Pasika kwari uguhimbaza ugucungurwa kw’ab’Isirayeli muri Egiputa (Kuvayo 12:1-20). Kristo yari muri Egiputa, no ku Kiyaga gitukura, nk’Umumarayika w’Uhoraho no kuri Yorodani (nk’uko biri mu Vyakozwe n’Intumwa 7:30-53 no muri 1Ab’I Korinto 10:1-4).

 

Yesu asigirw’Amavuta i Betaniya : vv. 6-13

Soma kandi Mariko 14:3-9 ; Yohana 12:1-8.

Ibindi bisa nk’ivyo turabisanga muri Luka 7:36-50.

v. 6 Umwidondoro wa Simoni ntiwuzwi.

v. 7 Yohana 12:3 ; soma Luka 7:37n., 46.

v. 10 Car’ikintu ciza cane, kuko vyari bibereye kandi vyari bikenewe mu rupfu rwiwe rwari rwegereje. Ayo majambo nyene mu kigiriki asigurwa ngo ibikorwa vyiza mu kigabane ca 5:16.

v. 12 ; Yohana 19:40 ; vv. 14-16 Mariko 14:10-11 ; Luka 22:3-6 v. 14 Mariko 14:10n ; v. 15 Kuvayo 21:32 ; Zekariya 11:12 ; ibiceri mirongwitatu vy’amahera ni co cari ikiguzi c’umugurano, ariko vyaserukira Abagize Ikombe ryo mw’Ijuru, kuko cari igitutsi kubo mw’ijuru (les Elohim). Isomo ryo muri Matayo rigereranya ingero y’amahera, aha idenariyo zine ku ngero imwe, bisigura imisi 120 y’umushahara (20:2).

 

Yuda agurisha Yesu : vv. 14-16

Soma kandi Mariko 14:10-11 ; Luka 22:3-6.

 

Pasika arikumwe n’Abigishwa : vv. 17-25.

vv. 17-19 soma kandi Mariko 14:12-16 ; Luka 22:7-13.

v. 17 Luka 22:7n. ; v. 18 Luka 22:10n., 11n. Yohana 7:6 ; 12:23 ; 13:1 ; 17:1 ; v. 19 21:6 ; Gusubira mu Vyagezwe 16:5-8 ;

 

vv. 20-24 soma Mariko 14:17-21 Luka 22:14, 21-23 ; Yohana 13:21-30 ; v. 24 Zaburi 41:9 ; Luka 24:25 ; 1Ab’I Korinto 15:3 ; Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 17:2-3 ; Matayo 18:7.

Muri Egiputa, Abisirayeli bahawe itegeko ryo kurira Pasika mu mazu yabo. Igihe Abisirayeli bashika mu gihug c’isezerano no mu matongo yabo, baciye bahabwa itegeko ryo guhimbariza Pasika hanze y’amazu yabo. Bari bemerewe gusubira mu mazu yabo y’[imfatakibanza] bukeye baraye bariye Imitsi itambiwe. Hama, kuva uwo musi, igikoko icari co cose kidahumanye caba cemewe gufungurwa. Pasika yama imisi yose igereranywa n’umwagazi, ni co gikoko cahurizwako candi cari cemewe gufurwa. Soncino avuga Aburahamu ibn Ezra handitswe ko bashobora gusubira mu mazu yabo y’imfatakibanza/y’agateganyo, ariko atari aho basanzwe baba/mu mazu yabo.

 

Turashobora gutangura kubona muri Pasika igice c’ikigereranyo n’insiguro y’ibikorwa vya Yesu Kristo igihe ca Pasika aho yabambwa.

 

Turazi neza tudakekeranya igihe nyezina  imyagazi yabagirwako mu myaka hari hakiriho Ingoro. Josephus atwereka ko imyagazi yatangura kubagwa kuva kw’isaha y’icenda gushika kw’isaha  ya cumi n’imwe, nukuvuga 15h00 gushika 17h00, inyuma ya sasita igenekerezo rya cumi na kane. Imyagazi yarategurwa ikaribwa ku mugoroba w’igenekerezo rya 15 Ukwezi kwa Nisani, nk’ingaburo ya Pasika. Josephus yaravuze ivya pasika y’igihe c’ingoma y’umwami Néron :

Gutyo abo baherezi bakuru, bivanye n’umusi mukuru wa bo witwa Pasika, barabaga ibimazi vyabo, kuva isaha icenda gushika isaha cumi n’imwe, ariko kuburyo ikimazi cose kijako abantu barenga cumi (kuko ntibemerewe kugira umusi mukuru bonyene), kandi abenshi muri twe bagizwe n’umugwi wa mirongwibiri, igitigiri c’ibimazi kikaba ar’ibihumbi amajana abiri na mirongwitanu na bitandatu n’amajana atanu ;  hamwe twofata ko batarenga cumi ku kimazi bahimbariza hamwe, igitigiri coba abantu miliyoni zibiri n’ibihumbi amajana indwi n’amajana abiri (Intambara z’Abayahudi, Igitabu. VI, IX, 3).

 

Aha rero, hari ikimazi kimwe rudende – cambere cabazwe isaha y’icenda 15h00 – ni co cashizwe imbere y’Umuherezi Mukuru nka Pasika.

 

Gutyo turaronse iciyumviro c’insiguro y’uko vyagenda kw’igenekerezo rya 14 Nisani, igenekerezo yapfiriyeko.

 

Umugirwa wa Pasika wari utandukanye. Mu bayuda, barakora ku musi wa 14 Nisan gushika midi, ariko i Galilaya, ntibakora igikorwa na kimwe kw’igenekerezo rya 14 Nisani (cf. Schürer, History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, Vol. II, p. 14).

 

Ukwo kubuza abantu gukora ku mus iwa Pasika vyava ku bikorwa bitegekanijwe kuri uwo musi wa14 Nisani, nk’uko tubibona mu Gusubira mu Vyagezwe 16:5-7. I Galilaya, aho Kristo yaravuye, abantu bakora nk’uko Kristo n’Intumwa babikoze ku musi w’ikimazi ca Pasika : baja mu mazu y’imfatakibanza kandi aho, ni ho babagira (saa 15h00 kuwa 14 Abibu) bakongera bakarira Pasika hamaze kuba kugahwibi, muntango y’igenekerezo rya 15 Abibu. I Yudaya, hasa nk’uko hoba ari ahandi hantu – nk’uko amategeko y’i Mishna yekeye abakenyezi n’amatungo avyerekana (mKet. 13:10 ; mB.B. 3:2 ; cf. Schürer, ibid.) – womengwa bari baradendebukiwe mur’uwo migirwa, ngira ni kubera vyoba vyana n’aho Urusengero ruri canke ngira bikava ku bikorwa  vyasabwa i Yerusalemu kubw’ibimazi kuri ayo masaha.

 

Ntawodeha ko, Mesiya n’Intumwa bagiye mu nzu y’imfatakibanza/y’agateganyo, nk’ukw’itegeko ryo mu Gusubira mu Vyagezw 16:5-7 ribivuga(soma Urupfu rw’Umwagazi (No. 242)).

 

Kugira umuntu atahure ivya Pasika, birakenewe ko twiga ibi vyigwa bikurikira :

Pasika (No. 098) ;

Pasika Nkurunkuru Indwi (No. 107) ;

Pasika na Équinoxe (No. 175B) ;

Insiguro y’Ukwozanya Ibirenge (No. 099) n’Insiguro y’Umukate n’Umuvinyu (No. 100). 

 Ukuduzwa kwa Mose (No. 070).

Inyigisho z’Ibinyoma ku Gihe c’Ingaburo Yera (No. 103C)

Umwambiro wa Kera na Mushasha (No. 106A)

 

v. 25 Ikibazo ca Yuda cari ikibazo gituma ahabwa inyishu itari nziza.

 

Itanguzwa ry’Ingaburo Yera : vv. 26-29

Soma kandi Mariko 14:22-25 ; Luka 22:15-20 ; 1Ab’I Korinto 10:1611:23-26 ; Matayo 14:1915:36 ; soma Luka 22:17n.

v. 28 Abaheburayo 9:20 ; Matayo 20:28 ; Mariko 1:4 ; Kuvayo 24:6-8.

Ingero y’icaha n’urupfu. Imana yararokoye abantu, nko muri Egiputa, kandi izobakiza n’urupfu ubwarwo. Imana iraharira ivyaha vy’abantu kubw’imbabazi zayo, mugihe bitondeye amabwirizwa yaYo. Isezerano ritegerezwa kuvugururwa (Yeremiya 31:31-34) ; v. 29 Soma Luka 14:15 ; 22:18,30 ; Ivyahishuwe 12:17 ; 14:12 ; 19:9.

Ingaburo Yera (No. 103) ;

Igihe c’Ukubambwa n’Ukuzuka (No. 159).

Kristo yotegerejwe kwicwa ku musi n’isaha yari isanzwe ibagirwako imyagazi ya Pasika i Yerusalemu, n’ukuvuga guhera isaha y’icenda, kandi umwagazi wa mbere ubazwe wac’ushirwa imbere y’Umuherezi Mukuru. Kristo yotegerejwe kuba uwo mwagazi kandi yapfiriye iyo saha nyene ariko yaramanuwe ku giti maze bamufuba mu mva ya Yosefu w’i Arimataya, mwenewabo wa sekuru Heli, umuhungu wa Matati (Luka 3:23-24).

 

Yesu avuga ko Petero aja kumwihakana : vv. 30-35

Soma kandi Mariko 14:25-31. Luka 22:31-34,39 ; Yohana 14:31 ; 18:1 ; 13:36-38 ; v. 30 Ni nk’ivyo dusanga muri zaburi 115-118.

v. 31 Soma Zekariya 13:7 ; Yohana 16:32 ; v. 32 28:7, 10,16.

 

Urupfu rw’Umwagazi (No. 242)

Dufatiye kuri iki gice, tubona ko urupfu rw’Umwagazi (No. 242) gwakurikije ibihe vyarwo vyose.

Yesu afatirwa i Getsemane : vv. 36-46

Soma kandi Mariko 14:32-42 na Luka 22:39-46.

v. 38 Yohana 12:27 ; Abaheburayo 5:7-8 ; Zaburi 42:6, "Umushaha wanje" = "Jewe" ; v. 39 Ezekiyeli 23:31-34 ; Yohana 18:11 ; Matayo 20:22.

Mesiya ntiyahisemwo urupfu, ariko yemeya ishaka ry’Imana mur’ivyo, kandi yar’azi ko ar’ugupfa. 

v. 41 6:13 ; Luka 11:4 Ikigeragezo n’igipimo umuntu acamwo ivyiyumviro vyiza vy’umuntu bishobora guhinduka bigaha ikibanza icaha arikwo kurenga ibwirizwa (1Yohana 3:4).

v. 42 Yohana 4:34 ; 5:30 ; 6:38.

v. 45 26:18n ; Yohana 12:23 ; 13:1 ; 17:1.

 

Ugufatwa n’Ugukubagurwa kwa Yesu : vv. 47-56

Soma kandi Mariko 14:43-52, Luka 22:47-53 na Yohana 18:2-11.

v. 50 Mu bundi butumwa bwiza ntibavuga ingendo za Yuda ; soma Yohana 13:30 ; 18:3,

v. 51 Yohana 18:10.

v. 52 Itanguriro 9:6 ; Ivyahishuwe 13:10.

v. 53 Legiyono cumi na zibiri = 72000.

v. 54 Ubuhanuzi butegerezwa gushika, ningombwa ko vyose biba nka mbere (4.6).

v. 55 Luka 19:47 ; Yohana 18:19-21.

 

Yesu imbere ya Kayafa n’Umuhanuzi : vv. 57-68. Soma kandi Mariko 14:53-65.

Urubanza Mesiya yaciriwe

Mesiya yafashwe bivuye ku baherezi, n’Abacamanza barakoreshejwe mur’ico gikorwa, kuko vyari ngombwa ko haboneka abantu 23 bahari kugira ngo ibirego vyemerwe. Yesu yaciriwe urubanza imbere ya Anasi kugira yumvirizwe ubwa mbere kugira baronke ibirego maze babone ingene bakoranya Urwego gw’abacamanza. Iyo ngingo yari yafashwe kuva kera, ariko vyari ngombwa ko bica mu butungane, nk’uko natwe bizotubako.

 

Yohana 18:12-14 Nukw’abasoda n’umukuru w’abagabisha babo n’abagendanyi b’Abayuda bafata Yesu, baramuboha. 13 babanza kumujana kwa Anasi, kuko yari sebukwe wa Kayafa umuherezi mukuru wo mur’uwo mwaka. 14 Kandi Kayafa ni we yari yagiriye inama abayuda, yukw’ar’ibibereye k’umuntu umwe apfira ubwo bwoko. (BY)

 

Ibijanye n’ubuherezi n’amagenekerezo n’amasaha vyose biri mu cigwa citwa Igihe c’Ukubambwa n’Ukuzuka (No. 159) na Gologota : Ikibanza  c’Agahanga (No. 217) n’ibindi vyigwa vyerekeye Pasika. Iyo migenderanire n’iy’Umuherezi Mukuru n’icegera c’Umuherezi Mukuru, naho Abayuda bagomba kwerekana ko imigenderanire yiswe Anasi yoba yakoreshwa imbere gato.

 

Bullinger we avuga ko Anasi yari yashizweho mu mwaka wa 779 A.U.C. [Anno Urbis conditae], Umwaka Mesiya yatanguriyeko ivugabutumwa. Abandi batatu barashizweho bashirwa hejuru imbere y’uko Kayafa ashirwaho na Valerius Gratus. Bullinger yibaza ko Anasi yobaye azi cane ivy’amategeko kugira atunganye neza ibirego vyo kumutsindisha. Mu bisanzwe mu ntango ntigwari urubanza ahubwo kwari ukurondera ibirego. Schürer avuga ko Kayafa yari yashizweho na Valerius Gratus (15-26 EC) mu mwaka wa18 IC, akaba yamaze ku ngoma imyaka iri hagati ya 18 na 36 IC (Igihe Cacu). Ananiyasi, mwene Seti, yari yashizweho na  Quirinius (6 IC) kandi yayoboye imyaka iri hagati ya 6 na 15 IC. Aba Baherezi Bakuru batatu b’ivyegera bavugwa na Bullinger atagukekeranya ni Ismaël, mwene Phiabi (nko mu mwaka wa 15-16 IC) ; Éléazar mwene Ananus (nko mu mwaka wa 16-17 IC) na Simoni mwene Camithus (nko mu mwaka wa 17-18 IC), aba bose bashizweho na Gratus (soma Josèphe, Antiquités des Juifs, Bk. XVIII. II. 2 ; cf. Schürer, Vol. II, pp. 216, 230). Schürer aravuga kukibazo cerekeye Nasi na Ab-beth-din kandi yemeza ko ivyo vyabaye mu nyuma cane. Avuga ko ijambo Anasi ryasigura umukuru w’Igihugu gushika igihe c’iyandikwa ry’iciswe Mishnah. Birashoboka mbere ko iyo mvugo yoba itigeze ikoreshwa mu muryango wa Herode ahubwo yoba yatanguye gukoreshwa ku Muherezi Mukuru igihe bagabura amashamvu, ivyo tubivuga twisunze ivyanditswe na Mishnah. I Yudaya n’i Galilaya haharurwa nk’amashamvu ari ukwayo, nk’uko tubibona aha hepfo.

 

Muri Yohana,havuga ibijanye n’ibikorwa nyamukuru, ingendo n’inyifato y’Abacamanza  (Sanhédrin) vyotegerejwe kuba bitunganye bikisunga amategeko. Gutyo, igikorwa c’umu Anasi gisa nk’ic’umu Ab-beth-din canke icegera c’umukuru w’intahe (Sanhédrin) akora nk’umucamanza/juge mukuru w’abandi.

 

Umwe mu bigishwa yarajanye na Mesiya mu kirimba c’Umuherezi Mukuru.

Jean 18:15-18 Simoni Petero akurikira Yesu, bo n’uwundi mwigishwa. Uwo mwigishwa yar’azinanyi n’umuherezi mukuru, ashikana na Yesu mu rugo rw’uwo muherezi mukuru ; 16 ariko Petero asigara ahagaze kw’irembo. Wa wundi mwigishwa yar’azinanyi n’umuherezi mukuru, ashika kw’irembo, avugana n’umukumirizi, araheza ashikana Petero imbere. 17 Maz’iyoncoreke ikumira ibaza Petero iti : Mbega nawe uri mu bigishwa b’uyo muntu? Petero ati : Oya, sindimwo. 18 Abashumba n’abagendanyi bari bahagaze bacanye umuriro w’amakara, kuko har’imbeho, bariko barota, kandi Petero na we yari kumwe na bo, ahagaze yota. (BY)

 

Yinjiranye na Petero mu kirimba maze umusukukazi yagiriza Petero ko ari umwe mu bigishwa ba Kristo  (abakenyezi bakora ku rwinjiriro ntibari basanzwe ; cf. 2Sam. 4:6 LXX ; Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 12:13). Aha ni ho Petero yatanguye kwihakana Yesu irya mbere. Uwo wundi mwigishwa wewe ntaco bamubajije ntaco yinona, ariko yasa nk’uwuzwi, kuko biboneka ko habajijwe Petero wenyene, bibonekana ko ariko vyari. Kandi uwo mwigishwa ntiyoba ari Yohana, kuko iyaba we bari gukoresha imvugo imenyerewe kuri we ngo  wa mwigishwa Yesu yakunda  (Yohana 13:23 ; 19:26 ; 21:7,20). Uwo mwigishwa yoba yari Nikodemu, canke Yosefu w’i Arimataya, abo bose bari mu rwego rw’abacamanza (Sanhédrin) (cf. Bullinger, The Companion Bible, la note au v. 15).

 

Amajambo yo ku murongo wa 18 yasobanuwe ngo  abagurano n’ivyegera  aho bokwanditse abashumba n’abarongozi. Umugabisha w’ingabo igihumbi n’abasoda b’abaromani bisubirira ku kirindiro i  Antonia, barekera Mesiya mu maboko y’Abayahudi.

 

Kugira hashitswe ibiri muri Yesaya 53, tubona ko yaratanguye gushikwako n’imibabaro n’intimba kubwacu.

 

Yohana 18:19-24 Nuk’umuherezi mukuru asiguza Yesu ivy’abigishwa biwe n’inyigisho ziwe. 20 Yesu aramwishura ati : Nabarira ab’isi mvyeruye, nahora nigishiriza mu masinagogi no mu rusengero ah’Abayuda bose bakoranira, ntaco navugiye mu mpisho. 21 Umbarije iki? Baza abahora bavyumva ico nababariye : erega ni bo bazi ivyo navuze. 22 Avuze atyo, umwe mu bagendanyi ahagazeho akubita Yesu urushi ati : Uko ni ko wishura Umuherezi Mukuru? 23 Yesu aramubwira ati : Namba mvuze nabi, nyagiriza ico kibi; ariko namb’ar’ineza, unkubitiye iki? 24 Nuko Anasi amurungika aboshwe kwa Kayafa umuherezi mukuru. (BY)

 

Handitswe ngo : ntihaze hagire uwurogota ku Mana, canke ngw’avume(avuge nabi) umukuru wo mubwoko bwanyu (soma Kuvayo 22:28 ; Umusiguzi 10:20 ; Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 23:5 ; 2Petero 2:10 ; Yuda 8 hamwe na Yakobo 4:3 - Ikigiriki : kakos, ni nk’ikibi harimwo intumbero mbi) ni ko, kandi, kizira kuvuga nabi Umuherezi Mukuru. Aha rero, Kristo yagirijwe ko yarenze Icagezwe. Yakoze icaha aremetswe, kuko we ubwiwe ntacaha yigeze akora.

 

Ubuhanuzi buvuga ko atigeze yugurura akanwa kiwe, canke ko atigeze abumbura akanwa nk’intama ijanwa kw’ibagiro, kandi ivyo vyarashitse igihe yar’imbere ya Pilato. Gutyo, ntiyigeze yigwanirira, ariko gusa yatanga inyishu nziza. Mbega yar’amatati ? Oya, sivyo na gato. Inyishu yatanga, zatuma ibirego vyo kurenga ibwirizwa bitagira urufatiro, mbere  bituma bitwereka ukwo twokwifata imbere y’abatware. Iyo yareka kwishura ahubwo vyari kumubera bibi cane. Akarorero k’inkuru za kahise kari kuba kabi bigatuma imigwi y’Abakristo itavyitwaramwo neza imbere y’ubutungane. Ubutumwa bwiza butegerezwa kuba akarorero keza nk’ukw’Ivyagezwe vya Bibiliya biri.

 

Anasi yari yateguye ibirego maze abijana imbere y’urwego rw’abacamanza, yongera abirungikira Umuherezi Mukuru w’ico gihe, yitwa Yosefu Kayafa. 

 

Petero yihakana Yesu : vv. 69-75

Soma kandi Mariko 14:66-72, Luka 22:55-62 na Yohana 18:16-18, 25.

Aha, tubona Petero, ashirwa mu gipimo mu gikundi, yihakanye Kristo incuro zitatu nk’uko Kristo yari yabivuze, hama inkoko irabika, vyerekana ko ikigeragezo cari giheze. Aha hantu dutegerezwa kuhakura icigwa twese mukuraba ibigeragezo Ishengero rihura na vyo ndetse na bene Data n’ico twokora kugira dufashanye mur’ivyo bihe bibi.

 

Mur’ico gihe c’ibigeragezo, turabona ko batabivuze vyose mu Butumwa Bwiza bwa Yohana mu gikorwa ca Yohana 18:27 no mwibandanya ry’iyo nkuru ku murongo wa 28. Inkuru nyayo tuyisanga muri Matayo 26:58 gushika 27:2.

 

Gutyo, guhera kur’ico kigeragezo ca Petero gushika ku mpera yaco, ivyo tubona muri Matayo 27:1-2 biragaruka muri Yohana 18:28.

 

Yohana atwereka ko atagomba kwihumanya mukwifatanya n’Abanyamahanga, kubera Abafarisayo bakiriya gihe bari bararetse imico yabo ironona Ivyagezwe (soma Yohana 18:28-40).

 

Iki gice kirimwo imigani ikomeye cane yo muri Bibiliya. Aha, nk’uko Ivyanditswe biri, tubona ko Mesiya ar’Umwami yaciriwe urubanza kubw’ivyaha vy’abantu, akaruciribwa n’umukuru w’Abanyamahanga, agatsindishwa kubw’akarenganyo, kugira ngo yicwe n’Abayuda. Tubona urwego rw’Abacamanza rukora ukwo Abafarisayo n’abatware babibasavye. Aba, baraciriwek’iteka.

v. 59 Mariko 14:55n ; v. 61 24:2 ; 27:40 ; Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 6:14 ; Yohana 2:19 ; v. 63 27:11 ; Yohana 18:33 ; v. 64 16:28 ; Daniyeli 7:13 (F027vii) ; Zaburi 110:1 ; v. 65 Guharura 14:6 ; Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 14:14 ; Abalewi 24:16 ; v. 66 Abalewi 24:16 ; v. 73 Petero yarafise imvugo y’abanya Galilaya yari itandukanye n’iy’Abayuda ; v. 75 cf. v. 34.

 

Ikigabane ca 27

1 Umutwenzi utambitse abaherezi bakuru bose n’abashingantahe b’ubwo bwoko bagira inama Yesu ngo bamwice. Baramuboha baramujana, bamushikiriza Pilato, icegera ca Kayisari. Maze Yuda yamuguze, abonye Yesu ko bamutsindishije, aricuza, asubiza abaherezi bakuru n’abashingantahe za ntete z’ifeza mirongwitatu ati : Nacumuye, naguze amaraso y’uwutagira icaha. Na bo baramwishura bati :Bidutwaye iki? N’ivyawe. Aterera za ntete z’ifeza ahera h’urusengero, aragenda, arimanika. Abaherezi bakuru bandura zino feza bati : Ntizemerwa gushirwa mu mashikanwa, kukw’ar’ibiguze amarao. Baja  inama, bazigura ubwatsi n’umubumvyi, ngo baze bahahambe injabuka. Ni co catumye ubwo bwatsi bwitwa ubwatsi bw’amaraso, na bugingo n’ubu. Ni ho ivyavuzwe na Yeremiya yavugishwa n’Imana vyashikiye, ngo Babiriye za ntete z’ifeza mirongwitatu, ni co giciro yaciriwe, uwo bamwe mu Bisirayeli baciriye ; 10 bazigura ubwatsi n’umubumvyi, nk’uk’Uhoraho yambariye. 11 Ariko Yesu yarahagaze mu maso ya ca cegera ca Kayisari, ico cegera kiramubaza kiti : Ni wewe Mwami w’Abayuda? Yesu aramwishura ati : Urarivuze. 12 Ariko mu vyo arezwe n’Abaherezi bakuru n’abashingantahe ntiyishura na rimwe. 13 Pilato aramubaza ati : Ntiwumva ingene bakwagiriza vyinshi? 14 Ariko ntiyamwishura n’ijambo na rimwe, bituma ico cegera gitangara cane. 15 Mur’iyo misi mikuru icegera camenyereye kirekurira abantu imbohe imwe, iyo bagomba. 16 Kandi bari n’imbohe imwe yari rurangiranwa yitwa Baraba. 17 Bakoranye, Pilato arababaza ati : Uwo mugomba ko ndabarekurira ni nde? Ni Baraba, canke ni Yesu yitwa Kristo? 18 Kuko yamenye yukw’ishari ari ryo rimubatangishije. 19 Acicaye ku ntebe y’imanza umugore wiwe amutumako ati : Ntihagire ico ugira uwo mugorortsi; kuko naraye ndose mbona mbabazwa vyinshi kubwiwe. 20 Arikw’abaherezi bakuru n’abashingantahe bosha ishengero ngo rimusabe Baraba, ryicishe Yesu. 21 Ico cegera kirababaza kiti : Mur’abo bompi uwo mugomba ko ndabarekurira ni nde? Na bo baramwishura bati : Ni Baraba. 22 Pilato arababaza ati : None Yesu yitwa Kristo, we ndamugire nte? Bose bati: n’abambwe ! 23 Arababaza ati : Kuki? Yakoze ikibi ki? Ariko barushiriza gusemerera cane bati : N’abambwe ! 24 Maze Pilato abonye kw’arushwa n’ubusa, ariko ko barushirije kuvyura umugumuko, yabira amazi akarabira imbere y’ishengero ati : Jeho ndacuna kubw’amaraso y’uyu mugororotsi : n’ivyanyu. 25 Abantu bose baramwishura bati : Amaraso yiwe araba ari twebwe akora n’abana bacu! 26 Maz’abarekurira Baraba, ariko Yesu aramutonagura, amutanga ngw’abambwe. 27 Maz’abasoda b’ico cegera ca Kayisari bajana Yesu mw’iboma, bateraniriza ingabo zose kuri we. 28 Bamwambura iziwe mpuzu, bamwmbika umutamana w’agahama. 29 Batsiba igitsibo c’amahwa, bakimwambika mu mutwe, bashira n’irenga mu kuryo kwiwe; baramupfukamira, baramucurira bati : Ndagize bwakeye Mwami w’Abayuda ! 30 Bamuvuma amate, bamushikura rya renga, barimukubita mu mutwe. 31 Bamaze kumucurira, bamwambika iziwe mpuzu, bamujana kumubamba. 32 Bakirenga irembo bahura n’Umunyakurene yitwa Simoni, uyo baramufata kugira ngw’amutwaze umusaraba. 33 Bashitse ahantu hitwa i Gologota, risobanurwa ngw’ahantu h’agahanga, 34 bamuha vino ivanze n’umuti w’umururazi, ngw’ayinywe; ayumvirije yanka kuyinywa. 35 Bamaze kumubamba, bagabura impuzu ziwe barazipfindira. 36 Bicara hano baramurinda. 37 Hejuru y’umutwe wiwe bahashira ikirego ciwe, canditswe ng’UYU NI YESU, UMWAMI W’ABAYUDA. 38 Maze babambana na we abambuzi babiri, umwe i buryo, uwundi i bumoso. 39 Abahahita baramutuka, bazunguza imitwe, 40 bati : Ewe usambura urusengero, ukagwubaka mu misi itatu, ni wikize : ni waba ur’Umwana w’Imana imanure ku musaraba! 41 N’abaherezi bakuru n’abanyabwenge b’ivyanditswe n’abashingantahe bamucurira batyo na bo bati : 42 Yakijije abandi, we ntashobora  kwikiza. N’Umwami w’Abisirayeli, ni yimanure ku musaraba ubu nyene, duheze tumwizere. 43 Yizigiye Imana, n’imukize ubu nyene ni yaba imubabaye : kuko yigira ngo : Nd’Umwanaw’Imana. 44 N’abambuzi  babambanywe na we na bo barabimutuka. 45 Uhereye kw’isaha ya gatandatu ubwirakabiri bukorana mu gihugu cose gushika kw’isaha y’icenda. 46 Nko kw’isaha y’icenda Yesu asemerera n’ijwi rirenga ati : Eli, Eli, lama sabagatani? Risobanura ngo Mana yanje, Mana yanje, n’iki kikumpebesheje? 47 Bamwe mu bahahagaze bavyumvise, baravuga bati : Uyo ahamagaye Eliya. 48 Umwe muri bo aca arirukanga yabira sipongo, ayuzuza inkarisha ayirungikisha irenga, arayimusomesha. 49 Arikw’abandi bati : Banza ugume; turabe ko Eliya yoza kumukiza. 50 Yesu yongera gusemerera n’ijwi rirenga, umutima uracika. 51 Igihuzu gikingiriye ahera cane h’urusengero gitantamukawo kubiri, uhereye hejuru ugashitsa hasi; isi iratigita; ibitandara birasaduka, 52 imva ziruguruka, imivyimba myinshi y’abera bari basinziriye irazurwa. 53 Bava mu mva amaze kuzuka, bashika mu gisagara cera, babonekera benshi. 54 Umugabisha w’abasoda ijana n’abari kumwe na we barinda Yesu, babonye isi itigita n’ibibaye, baratinya bati : N’ivy’ukuri, uyu yar’umwana w’Imana. 55 Hariho n’abagore benshi bari kure babiraba, ni bo bakurikiye Yesu ava i Galilaya, bamukorera. 56 Muri bo harimwo Mariya Magadalene na Mariya nyina wa Yakobo na Yose, na nyina wa bene Zebedayo. 57 Ariko bugorovye haza umutunzi w’i Aramataya  yitwa Yosefu, kandi na we yar’umwigishwa wa Yesu. 58 Uyo aja kuri Pilato asaba ikiziga ca Yesu. Maze Pilato avuga ko bakimuha. 59 Yosefu ajana ico kiziga, akizingira mu mpuzu yera nziza, 60 agishira mu mva yiwe nsha, yari yarimbishije mu bitandara; atembagaza ikibuye kinini acugaza umuryango w’imva, aragenda. 61 Mariya Magadalene na Mariya wundi ni ho bari bari, bicaye berekeye ku mva. 62 Bukeye bwaho, ni wo musi wakurira uwo kwitegura, abaherezi bakuru n’Abafarisayo bakoranira kwa Pilato, 63 baramubwira bati : Mugenzi, twibutse yuko wa muhumvyi akiriho yagize ngw’imisi itatu ishize azozuka. 64 Nuko n’ugere barinde imva cane gushika ku musi ugira gatatu, kugira ngw’abigishwa biwe ntibaze kumwiba, bakabwira abantu ngo yazutse mu bapfuye; maz’ubuhumvyi bwa nyuma bworuta ubwa mbere. 65 Pilato arababwira ati : Abarinzi ngabo : Ni mubajane muyirindishirize uko muzi. 66 Nuko baragenda barindisha imva, ca kibuye bagihomakw’ishashara, bayidomamw’ikimenyetso, abo barinzi babona.

 

Intumbero y’Ikigabane ca 27 (1-26)

Yesu arungikwa kwa Pilato vv. 1-2

Abaherezi bakuru bose n’abashingantahe b’ubwo bwoko bagira inama Yesu ngo bamwice, maze baramuboha bamujana kwa Pilato.

vv. 1-2 Mariko 15:1 ; Luka 23:1 ; Yohana 18:28-32 itegeko ry’abayuda ryavuga ko Abashingantahe bafata ingingo k’umurango. Ibintu bitungana kenshi bibanje kuyangara. Guca urubanza mw’ijoro ntivyari vyemewe. Bashaka ko vyose bihera Pasika itaratangura. 26:57-68 aha havuga igisabo ca Yosefu imbere y’uko bwira kugira ntibazirure isabato.

 

Yuda arimanika : vv.3-10

vv. 9-10 Zekariya.11:12-13 ; Yeremiya 18:1-3 ; 32:6-15. Naho bitaboneka neza, hariho ivyanditswe bivuga ko yahambwe mu kaburi k’abanyamahanga i Yerusalemu.

 

Yesu imbere ya Pilato : vv. 11-14

Soma kandi Mariko 15:1-5 ; Luka 23:2-5 na Yohana 18:28-19:16 ; v. 14 Luka 23:9 ; Matayo 26:62 ; Mariko 14:60 ; 1Timoteyo 6:13.

Bahawe itegeko n’Imana riri mu vyagezwe ryo guca izibereye, ariko siko babikoze. Barurekeye Abanyamahanga na Pilato baba ni bo baruca nabi. Bamurungitse kwa Pilato mu rugo, ari rwo boma (cf. Marc 15:16) canke aho bacira imanza, ntabwo hari mu kirimba kwa Herode, nk’uko tubibona muri Luka 23:7. Babwiye Pilato ko nimba Kristo atar’umugizi wa nabi, bati ntiyari kuba yamutanze (Yohana 18:30). Bamubajije ko ar’Umwami, yabishuye atya (Yohana 18:37):

Iki ni co navukiye, kand’iki ni co canzanye mw’isi, n’ukugira ngo nshingire intahe ukuri. Uw’ukuri wese yumva ijwi ryanje.

 

Pilato, kubera yari yarigishijwe kandi yaramenyereye imvugo ihinyitse yaciye amubaza ati : "Ukuri n’iki ?" Yavuze ivyo kubera yuko atari bw’abe mu kuri. Yotegerejwe kubanza guhamagarwa n’Imana kugira ngo atahure. Pilato asubira kubayuda aravuga ati : "Jewe ntacaha ndamubonyeko".

 

Barahawe akaryo ko gukura urwo rubanza rubi mu kanwa k’Abanyamahanga abo bakengera bakabafata nk’abatabereye no guhonyora mu rusengero rwabo.

 

Abaraho bahitamwo Baraba : vv. 15-23

Pilato yarabahaye akandi karyo kugira harekurwe Kristo maze aca abasaba guhitamwo, aha niho habereye ugusubiriza gukomeye muri kahise. Bose basemerereye rimwe bati : "Uwo ntitumukeneye, turekurire Baraba", yari umugizi wa nabi. Bar Abbas risigura umuhungu wa se. Iki n’ikimenyetso c’uko Kristo yapfuye kugira ducungurwe nk’abana ba Data.

 ... Pilato yaragerageje kubasigurira kandi.

(soma Yohana 19:1-7).

Ntibagomvye kumwumva, uhubwo bivugiye ko yiyita Umwana w’Imana. Pilato yaratahura cane ko ariko ahura n’ibibazo vy’amadini aho uwo muntu atoba har’ico yagira ahubwo ko yoba ar’imana. Abaroma n’Abagiriki, co kimwe n’abo muri Aziya, bizera ko imana elohim canke theoi zari zifise ubushobozi bwo kuba mu bantu kandi zikiyerekana nk’abantu, kandi ar’ibiremwa vyo mw’ijuru. Ivyo ni vyo Abashingantahe bamwagirije, nk’uko tubibona muri Matayo 26:65-66 (soma. Abalewi 24:16) (242 ibid).

Ku  mirongo ya15-26 soma kandi Mariko 15:6-15 ; Luka 23:18-25 ; na  Yohana 18:39-40, 19:4-16 ; v. 19 Luka 23:4.

v. 21 Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 3:13-14.

 

Pilato atanga Yesu kugira ngo abambwe : vv. 24-26.

v. 24 Gusubira mu Vyagezwe 21:6-9 ; Zaburi 26:6.

v. 25 Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 5:28 ; Yosuwa 2:19 ; v. 26 Agahahazo bakoresheje ikimoko kigizwe n’udusipi twinshi ni vyo vyabanza gukubitwa umuntu yaciriwe urubanza rwo gupfa.

 

Bakekeza Yesu bakamuvuma : vv. 27-31

Soma kandi Mariko 15:16-20 ; Yohana 19:1-3.

v. 27 Iciswe hano  iboma praetorium car’ikirimba c’icegera ca Kayisari. Ibatayo bataillon yikwije neza yaba irimwo abasoda 500.

 

Kristo arabambwa : vv. 32-44

Mariko 15:21-32 ; Luka 23:26, 33-43 ; Yohana 19:17-24.

v. 32 Abari bahari yari Yesu, abandi babiri babambanwe na we, umugabisha n’abandi basoda. Simoni soma Mariko 15:21n.

Ku mirongo ya 33-51, soma kandi Mariko 22:38 ; Luka 23:32-38, 44-46 ; Yohana 19:17-19, 23-24, 28-30.

v. 34 gall – Bisigura ibinyobwa birura vyose, bishobora kuba ari imira myrrhe dusanga muri  Mariko 15:23 (soma muri Bibiliya yitwa Ann. Oxf. RSV).

v. 35 Zaburi 22:18 ; v. 37 Ikimenyetso car’uko Abaroma bari bazi ukuganza kwa Herode kandi Kristo akaba yasa nk’uwuteye kubiri n’iyo ntwaro. 

v. 40 (26:61 ; Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 6:14 ; Yohana 2:19).

Umusaraba : amamuko yawo n’insiguro yawo (No. 039)

Kristo ntabwo yiciwe ku musaraba. Iryo jambo ntaho riri mu nyandiko z’ikigiriki z’Isezerano Risha. Ijambo ryakoreshejwe ni stauros kikaba ari inkingi iringanijwe neza, kenshi ku mitwe yose, ari nayo bamanikako uwaciriwe urwo rubanza akabohwa canke agaterwa imisumari. Umusaraba wazananye mu  basenga umusaraba wo muzuba wungana hose ari wo ikimana Attis cabambweko/kiriko ukaba wayererezwa mu mabarabara y’i Roma mu ntumbero yo Gusenga Izuba n’Inyenyeri. Iyo mana Attis yari ikigirwamana bavuga ko capfuye ku wanyuma vendredi maze kizuka ku wa mungu dimanche kuri pasika y’ikinyoma yitwa Easter/Pâques (Ishtar), ari ryo zina ry’imana y’ingore. Uwo musi mukuru warinjijwe kunguvu mu mico y’Abakristo bikozwe na Anicetus w’i Roma circa. Mu mwaka wa 154 (soma Amamuko ya Noheli na Easter/Pâques (No. 235) n’Impari z’aba Quartodécimanes (No. 277). Abaroma bagiye kwongeramwo igiti gikitse kuri Stauros mu nyuma Kristo yaramaze gupfa kera. Iyo wuba umusaraba yoca aba yapfiriye ku gihe kitari co. Igiti gikitse congewemwo kugira ngo umuntu ababazwe umwanya muremure.

vv. 42-43 Imimyore yerekana agaciro k’igikorwa ciwe mu vy’Imana n’insiguro yo kwerekana ko yari Mesiya.  Yar’umwami wa Isirayeli yose, atari Abayuda gusa (v. 37). Ijambo : umusaraba aha, ryazananye mu basenga Izuba n’Inyenyeri za Attis risubirira ijambo Stauros ry’inyamo ry’ikigiriki mu nyandiko nsha z’icongereza [n’igifaransa], v. 43 Zaburi. 22:8.

 

Urupfu rwa Yesu : vv. 45-56

Mariko 15:33-41 ; Luka 23:44-49 Yohana 19:28-37.

v. 45 Kuva midi gushika isaha y’icenda 15h.

v.46 Éli, Éli lama Sabacthani.  Zaburi 22:1.

v. 47 Bari biteze ko Eliya (izina ryavugwa nka Éli) azobanza kuza imbere y’ukuza kwa Mesiya mu Misi y’Iherezo, nk’uko tubisanga muri Malaki 4:5-6 ; Matayo 27:49 kandi nk’uko tubisanga mu Vyahishuriwe Yohana 11:3 kubandanya., (F066iii). 

v. 48 Zaburi 69:21 Boba bamuhaye inkarisha kugira ngo abe arababazwa umwanya muremure.

v. 51 Abaheburayo 9:8 ; 10:19 ; Kuvayo 26:31-35 ; Matayo 28:2 ; soma Mariko 15:38n.

vv. 54-56 soma kandi  Mariko 15:39-41 ; Luka 23:47, 49.

Ibi vyose tumaze kubona tubisanga mu cigwa ca (242). Kristo yishwe ku wagatatu w’abaroma igenekerezo rya 5 ndamukiza 30 IC. Soma Urupfu rw’Umwagazi (No.  242) n’ Igihe c’Ukubambwa n’Ukuzuka (No. 159).

v. 56 Yakobo na Yosefu, bene Zebedayo. (10:3 ; Luka 24:10 ; Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 1:13).

Yesu ahambwa : 57-61

Soma kandi Mariko 15:42-47 ; Luka 23:50-56 na Yohana 19:38-42.

v. 58 Imivyimba y’abantu babambuwe kenshi yarankwa mbere igaturirwa. Baravuga ko Pilato yoba yahavuye yihana mu nyuma.

Kristo yahambwe mu mva ya mwenewa na sekuru wiwe yitwa Heri, yahambwe na Yosefu, imbere y’uko bwira, hari mercredi w’imbere y’igenekerezo rya 15 Abibu, Pasika y’uriya mwaka (soma Ashley M. Mammoth Book of British Kings and Queens re Joseph and notes and genealogy of Bran the Blessed King of the Britons).

v. 60 soma Mariko 16:3-5n ; Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 13:29.

v. 61 27:56.

 

Abarinzi b’Imva : vv. 62-66.

v. 62 (soma Mariko 15:42) Bukeye bwaho war’Umusi wa Mbere Wera w’Imitsima Itambiwe, igenekerezo rya 15 Abibu. Hari jeudi igenekerezo rya6 ndamukiza 30 IC. Ntabwo hari kw’Isabato ya buri yinga nk’uko abasenga ku wa mungu bavyigisha ari na bo basenga Bayali ya"Easter/Pâques", soma (No. 159).

 

Ikigabane ca 28

1 Umusi w’isabato ushize, ku wa mbere w’imisi ndwi, umutwenzi ugomba gutambika, Mariya Magadalene na Mariya wundi baja kuraba imva. Habaho kunyiganyiga kw’isi gukomeye, kuk’umumarayika w’Umwami Imana yar’amanutse  ava mw’ijuru, araza akura ca kibuye agitembagaje, acicarako. Ishusho yiwe yasa n’umuravyo, impuzu ziwe zera nka shelegi. Ubwoba yateye abararirizi bubashira mu gatengo, bamera nk’abapfuye. 5, Arik’umumarayika abwira ba bagore ati : Mweho ntimutinye, kuko nzi ko murondera Yesu, umwe yabambwa. Ntari hano, kuko yazutse, nk’uko yavuze. Ngo murabe ah’Umwami  yar’araryamye. Ni mukwakwanye mubwire abigishwa biwe yuko yazutse mu bapfuye, kand’azobitangira imbere kuja i Galilaya, iyo niho muzomubonera. Nuko n’ivyo ndabibabwiye. Bava ku mva n’ingoga, bari n’ubwoba n’akanyamuneza kenshi, birukanga kubibwira abigishwa biwe. Maze yesu ahwana na bo ati : N’amahoro. Baramwegera, bamufata ku birenge, baramusenga. 10 Maze Yesu arababwira ati : Ntimutinye; ni mugende mubwire bene Data ngo baje i Galilaya, ni ho tuzobonanira. 11 Bakigenda, bamwe muri ba barinzi baja mu gisagara, babwira abaherezi bakuru ivyabaye vyose. 12 Na bo bakoranira hamwe n’abashingantahe baja inama, bahera abo basoda amahera menshi, 13 bati : Muze muvuge muti : Abigishwa biwe baje mw’ijoro, baramutwibana dusinziriye. 14 Icegera ca Kayisari ni caramuka kivyimvise, tuzomuhwamika, namwe tuzobakiza amagorwa. 15 Babira ya mahera, bagira nk’uko bohejwe; kand’iryo jambo ryandagara mu bayuda na bugingo n’ubu. 16 Maze ba bigishwa cumi n’umwe baja i Galilaya ku musozi Yesu yabarangiye. 17 Bamubonye, baramusenga, ariko bamwe barakekeranya. 18 Yesu arabegera, arababwira ati : Jewe nahawe ububasha bwose mw’ijuru no mw’isi. 19 Nuko ni mugende, muhindure amahanga yose abigishwa, mubabatiza mw’izina rya Data wa twese n’iry’Umwana n’irya Mpwemu Yera, 20 mubigishe kwitondera ivyo nabageze vyose. Umve, ndikumwe namwe imisi yose, gushitsa ku muhero w’isi.

 

Intumbero y’Ikigabane ca 28

28:1 handitse ngo : Isabato irangiye, mu mutwenzi ku mus iwa Mbere w’Iyinga, ...... Bisigura ko hari mu gicugu umusi w’Isabato urangiye, mugahwibi, aho umusi wa mbere w’iyinga waba wutanguye. Bibiliya yitwa RSV Greek-English Interlinear handitswe ngo : Ariko Isabato irangiye [Sabbattoon] nk’imwe mu Masabato = umusi wa mbere w’iyinga.

 

Ukuzuka : vv. 1-10

Ku mirongo ya 1-8, soma Mariko 16:1-8 ; Luka 24:1-10 na Yohana 20:1-10. v. 4 Abarinzi 27:62-66 v. 7 26:32 ; 28:16 ; Yohana 21:1-23 ; 1Ab’I Korinto 15:3-4, 12, 20.

v. 8 gereranya Luka 24:9 ; 22-23 ; v. 9 Yohana 20:14-18. Ukwo vyagenze turabisanga neza mu cigwa Igihe c’Ukubambwa n’Ukuzuka (No. 159). KKristo yazutse isabato irangiye, kw’igenekerezo rya 8 ndamukiza 30 IC, mu Misi Mikuru y’Imitsima Itambiwe, nk’uko biri mu Ikimenyetso ca Yona... (No. 013) abanje gukwiza imisi itatu n’amajoro atatu mu nda y’isi. Kristo yararindiriye ijoro ryose, ari mu mva, gushika isaha icenda z’ijoro, kw’igenekerezo rya 9 ndamukiza 30 IC, aho yuriye mw’ijuru ku ntebe y’ubwami y’Imana nk'Ishikanwa ry’Ivyeze Rizunguzwa (106B), aho yemerwa (soma Ivyahishuwe, Ibigabane vya 4 na 5) maze yemererwa kuganza no kuzingurura vya bidodo vyo mu Vyahishuriwe Yohana (soma F066i). Ivyeze Bizunguzwa vyari ivyambere mu vyimburwa, nka mburuguri n’izeze zambere muri zo. Ivyo vyimburwa vyagereranya Kristo. Umwimbu ukurikira waba ar’uw’ingano,  wo kuri Pantekoti, wugereranywa n’abatoranijwe bo m’Umuzuko wa Mbere (No. 143A). Umwimbu wa gatatu wari umwimbu wa vyose muri rusangi ugereranywa n’Imisi Mikuru y’Insago wugereranywa n’umuzuko w’abantu bose m’Umuzuko wa Kabiri (No. 143B).

 

 Inkuru y’Abarinzi : vv. 11-15

v. 11 27:62-66 ; v. 15 Uwo musi bisigura igihe ubu butumwa bwiza bwandikirwa. Bukaba bwanditswe imbere y’isenyurwa ry’Urusengero rwa Salomo nk’ikimenyetso ca Yona mu mwaka wa 70 IC n’iyugarwa ry’Urusengero i Héliopolis, muri Egiputa, imbere y’ukwezi kwa mbere Abibu 71 IC kw’itegeko rya Vespasien.

 

Umugwi Munini : vv. 16-20

v. 17 1Ab’i Korinto 15:5-6 ; Yohana 21:1-23 ; Luka 24:11.

v. 18 11:27 ; Luka 10:22 ; Ab’i Filipi. 2:9 ; Abanyefeso 1:20-22 ; Ububasha bwose gereranya na  Daniyeli 7:14 (F027vii).

v. 19 Amahanga Yose biranyuranye na 10:5 ; gereranya kandi Mariko 16:15 ; Luka 24:47 ; Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 1:8 ; Muri kahise vyari vyemewe ko mw’izina rya bisigura kubwa naka no mu gukingirwa na.  (zaburi. 124:8).

v. 20 Ndikumwe na mwe 18:20 ; Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 18:10. 

 

Kuva Yesu agarutse ku mugoroba w’umusi wa mbere w’iyinga w’Ivyeze Bizunguzwa, Kristo yaciye atangura kwigisha abera n’Ingabo zakorowe kandi yarabonekeye abatoranijwe mu kiringo c’imisi mirongwine kugira abigishe ico abitezeko (soma Imisi Mirongwine y’Inyuma y’Ukuzuka kwa Kristo (No. 159A)). Kristo yabandanije yigisha abera kugira barindirire Pantekoti i Yerusalemu kugira ngo bahabwe Mpwemu Yera (No. 117)  (soma. Le Compte de l'Omer menant jusqu'à la Pentecôte (No. 173).

 

Incamake

Ahenshi mu buhanuzi bwa bibiliya budushikana aha. Twarabonye Igice ca  V aha turabonye indunduro y’ubuhanuzi bwerekeye urupfu rwa Mesiya n’ukurenguka kwiwe imbere y’intebe y’Imana n’ukugaruka kwiwe kugira ngo yigishe bene se. Binyuraye cane n’inyigisho z’abasenga Inyenyeri n’Izuba, Kristo ntabwo yashizeho ivyo gusenga ku wa mungu, si nawe yashizeho pasika y’ikinyoma Easter/Pâques canke ivyo kubambwa ku wagatanu mweanda no kuzuka ku wa mungu. Kristo yabayeho nk’ukw’Ivyagezwe vy’Imana biri, kandi we n’ishengero ntaho bigishije ko Ivyagezwe vy’Imana (L1) vyakuweho canke vyagabanijwe uburyo ubw’ari bwo bwose. Bakomeje kugenda nk’ukw’Ikirangamisi c’Imana kiri mu kubaho kwose kw’Ishengero ry’Imana aha kw’isi, bari mu gahahazo gakomeye kava ku basenga Inyenyeri n’Izuba baka basenga Bayali. Soma Ugukwiragira muri Rusangi kw’Amashengero y’Imana yitondera Isabato (No. 122) ; Akamaro k’Ibwirizwa rya Kane muri Kahise k’Amashengero y’Imana Yitondera Isabato (No. 170), Urukurikirane rw’Amashengero y’Imana (Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa F044vii).

 

Ivyanditswe na Bullinger kuri Matayo, Ibigabane vya 25-28 (muri Bibiliya yitwa KJV) [biri mu congereza gusa]

 

Chapter 25

Verse 1

Then = At that point in a then future time. The Structure (p. 1366) shows that this parable formed the closing part of the Lord"s teaching on the Mount of Olives (see Matthew 24:1Matthew 24:3); and was designed to illustrate and enforce His teaching as to watchfulness, in view of the then immediate parousia, conditional on the repentance of that generation in response to the ministry of Peter and the Twelve, beginning at Pentecost, proclaimed and formulated in Acts 3:19-26. See the Structure (p. 1366). The Parable has nothing to do with the Church to-day as to interpretation, though there is the same solemn application as to watchfulness.

shall = will.

the kingdom of heaven. See App-114.

heaven = the heavens. Compare Matthew 6:9Matthew 6:10.

lamps = torches. See App-130.

to meet = for the meeting (of two parties from opposite directions): i.e. the meeting and returning with. Greek. apanantesis. Occurs only here, Matthew 25:6Acts 28:15, and 1 Thessalonians 4:17. But all the texts read hupanteeis, as in John 12:13.

 

Verse 2

wise = prudent.

 

Verse 3

no. Greek. ou. App-105.

with. Greek. meta. App-104.

 

Verse 4

vessels. Containing oil, to pour on the torches. Greek. angeion. Occ only here, and Matthew 13:48.

 

Verse 5

slumbered = became drowsy. Greek. nustazo. Occurs only here and 2 Peter 2:3.

slept = went to sleep (and continued asleep). Greek. katheudo.

 

Verse 6

there was a cry made = there arose a cry.

Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos.

 

Verse 7

those = those former ones.

 

Verse 8

are gone out = are going out.

Verse 9

 

Not so. Or, supply the Ellipsis thus: "[we must refuse] lest there be not enough", &c.

not. Greek. ou. App-105. But all the texts read "ou me". App-105.

 

Verse 10

went: were on their way.

marriage = marriage, or wedding feast; as in Matthew 22:2Matthew 22:3Matthew 22:4.

 

Verse 11

came also the other virgins = "came the other virgins also".

lord, lord. Figure of speech Epizeuxis, App-6, for emph., denoting urgency.

 

Verse 12

Verily. See note on Matthew 5:18.

I know you not. Greek. oida.

 

Verse 13

Watch. This is the great lesson of the parable.

neither = not. Greek. ou, as in Matthew 25:6.

wherein = in (Greek. en. App-104.) which.

the Son of man. See App-98.

 

Verse 14

the kingdom of heaven. Or, supply the Ellipsis from Matthew 25:13"[the coming of the Son of man]".

travelling, &c. See note on "went", &c, Matthew 21:33.

 

Verse 15

talents. Greek. talanton. Occurs only here, and in Matthew 18:24. See App-51. Hence the word comes to be used now of any gift entrusted to one for use.

every man = each one.

according to. Greek. kata. App-104.

his several ability = his own peculiar capacity.

took his journey. Same as "travelling" in Matthew 25:14.

 

Verse 16

traded with = trafficked or wrought in (Greek. en. App-104.) The virgins wait: the servants work.

made them. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause), App-6, for "gained".

 

Verse 17

he = he also.

 

Verse 18

went = went off.

earth = ground. Greek. ge. App-129.

 

Verse 19

After. Greek. meta. App-104.

reckoneth = compareth accounts. Greek. sunairo. Occurs only here, and in Matthew 18:23Matthew 18:24.

 

Verse 20

beside = upon. Greek. epi.

 

Verse 21

make = set.

enter. joy. He enters into joy, and joy enters into him.

the joy = the [place of] joy.

 

Verse 24

Then he = He also.

had received. Note the change from the Aorist to the Perf. He had received it, and it remained with. him.

I knew thee = I got to know thee. Greek. ginosko. App-132. Not the same as verses: Matthew 25:12Matthew 25:13Matthew 25:26.

hast not sown = didst not sow.

hast not strawed = didst not scatter.

 

Verse 25

lo, there. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6.

that is thine = thine own.

 

Verse 26

wicked. Greek. poneros. App-128.

thou knewest. Greek. oida. App-132.

 

Verse 27

exchangers = bankers. So called from the tables or counters at which they sat. Greek. trapezites. Occurs only here.

usury = interest. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 23:19Deuteronomy 23:20). Compare Psalms 15:5. Hebrews were forbidden to take it from Hebrews, but allowed to take it from foreigners.

 

Verse 28

from = away from. Greek. apo. App-104.

 

Verse 29

not. Greek. me. App-105. Not the same word as in verses: Matthew 25:9Matthew 25:12Matthew 25:24Matthew 9:26Matthew 9:43Matthew 9:44Matthew 9:45.

 

Verse 30

outer = the outer. Greek. exoteros. Occurs only in Matthew (here, Matthew 8:12, and Matthew 22:13).

weeping and gnashing. See note on Matthew 8:12.

 

Verse 31

When the Son of man. See the Structure (p. 1366).

shall come = shall have come.

the throne.Luke 1:32. Compare Psalms 47:8Jeremiah 3:17Jeremiah 14:21Zephaniah 3:8.

 

Verse 32

shall be gathered all nations. There is no resurrection here. Therefore no reference to Rev 20. The gathering is to be on earth (Isaiah 34:1Isaiah 34:2Joel 3:1Joel 3:2Joel 3:11Joel 3:12). There are three classes, not two. The test is not even "works", but the treatment of the "brethren" by the other two. No believer, i.e. those who "received the word" (Acts 2:411 Thessalonians 2:13): for these were (and will yet he)"taken out of all nations", Acts 15:14, Israel not gathered here, because "not reckoned among the nations" (Numbers 23:9). The Church of the Mystery (Eph 3) not here, because the reward here is "from the foundation (App-146) of the world" (Matthew 25:34); while the Church was chosen "before" that (Matthew 1:4). The "throne" is that of David (Luke 1:32).

all nations = all the nations.

them. Refers to individuals, because it is Masc, while "nations" are Neuter, and therefore are regarded collectively

goats. Greek. eriphion. Occ only here.

 

Verse 34

Father. App-98.

the foundation, &c See App-146.

 

Verse 35

an hungred = hungry.

 

Verse 36

Naked = Scantily clothed. Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Whole), App-6.

 

Verse 37

Then shall the righteous answer, &c. Figure of speech Dialogismos.

 

Verse 40

the least. Emph. = even the least.

 

Verse 41

say also unto them = say unto them also.

ye cursed = that are abiding under a curse.

everlasting fire = the fire, the age-abiding [fire]. See App-151.

 

Verse 46

everlasting Greek. aionion. App-151. In the same sense as in Hebrews 5:9 (Isaiah 45:17); Matthew 6:2Matthew 9:122 Thessalonians 1:9. (Compare Psalms 52:5Psalms 92:7.) The eternal result must be the same as in the next clause.

punishment. Greek. kolasis. According to Aristotle kolasis has regard to him who suffers it, while timoria has regard to the satisfaction of him who inflicts it. (Occurs only in Hebrews 10:29. The verb timoreo only in Acts 22:5, and Acts 26:11.) Kolasis occ only here, and 1 John 4:18 (the verb kolazomai only in Acts 4:212 Peter 2:9). What this kolasis is must be learnt from Matthew 25:41. Compare Matthew 3:12, and note on Luke 3:17.

 

Chapter 26

Verse 1

finished. Compare Matthew 7:28. Marking an epoch. As in Matthew 11:1Matthew 13:53Matthew 19:1. See App-156.

sayings. Plural of logos. See note on Mark 9:42.

 

Verse 2

Ye know. Greek. oida. App-132.

after. Greek. meta.

after two days, &c. See App-156.

is = takes place, or cometh. Greek. ginomai. See note on "fulfilled"Luke 21:32.

passover. Greek. pascha, an Aramaic word. Hebrew. pesach. App-94.

the Son of man. See App-98.

betrayed = delivered up. The Present Tense is the Figure of speech Prolepsis (App-6). See note on "ye slew"Matthew 23:35.

to = for: i.e. for the purpose of. Greek. eis. App-104.

crucified = hung upon a stake. Greek. stauros was not two pieces of wood at any angle. It was an upright pale or stake. Same as xulon, a piece of timber (Acts 5:30Acts 5:10Acts 5:39Galatians 1:3Galatians 1:131 Peter 2:24). Even the Latin crux means a mere stake, or stave (compare verses: Matthew 26:47Matthew 26:55, &c.); while stauroo (here) means to drive stakes. See App-162.

 

Verse 3

palace = court, with access from the street. Should he so rendered in verses: Matthew 26:58Matthew 26:69Mark 14:54Mark 14:66Mark 15:16Luke 11:21Luke 22:55John 18:15, as it is in Revelation 11:2. It is rendered "hall" in Mark 15:16Luke 22:55.

 

Verse 4

that = to the end that.

take = seize.

subtilty = guile.

 

Verse 5

on = during. Greek. en. The same as "among" in the next clause.

on the feast day = during the feast.

 

Verse 6

was = came to be, as in Matthew 26:20. Greek. ginomai.

Bethany. Note this return to Bethany from Jerusalem after His first entry in , &c., and before His triumphal entry in Mark 11:1-10Luke 19:29-38, and John 12:12-19. See App-156.

Simon. Showing this to be a second anointing, later than that of . See App-158.

the leper. Figure of speech Ampliatio (App-6). So called after his healing, as Matthew was still called "the tax-gatherer". See note on Exodus 4:6.

 

Verse 7

a woman. Unnamed. In the former anointing it was Mary. See App-158, and note on i Samaritan Pentateuch Matthew 3:1.

box = flask.

very precious. Greek. barutimos. Occurs only here.

on = upon. Greek. epi.

His head. In the former anointing, by Mary, it was His feet. See App-158.

sat = reclined [at table].

 

Verse 8

His disciples. In the former case it was Judas Iscariot. App-158.

 

Verse 10

understood = got to know. Greek. ginosko. App-132. Not the same word as in verses: Matthew 26:2Matthew 26:70Matthew 26:72Matthew 26:74.

good = excellent.

upon = toward. Greek. eis. App-104.

 

Verse 11

with. Greek. meta. App-104.

not. Greek. ou App-105. Not the same as in verses: Matthew 26:26Matthew 26:5Matthew 26:29Matthew 26:35; but the same as in verses: Matthew 26:24Matthew 26:39Matthew 26:40Matthew 24:42Matthew 24:53Matthew 70:72Matthew 70:74.

 

Verse 12

burial = embalming. Compare John 19:40. Should be the same as in Mark 14:8John 12:7. It is the Septuagint for Hebrew. hanat, in Genesis 50:2.

 

Verse 13

Verily. See note on Matthew 5:18.

this gospel = the good news.

preached = proclaimed. App-121.

world. Greek. kosmos. App-129.

also this, that = this also which.

 

Verse 14

unto. Greek. pros.

 

Verse 15

will ye give . . . ? = what are ye willing to give?

will. Greek. thelo. App-102.

covenanted with him = they placed for him [in the balance]: i.e. they weighed to him.

thirty pieces of silver. See App-161. These were shekels of the Sanctuary. App-51. This was the price of an ox which had gored a servant (Exodus 21:32). It was here destined for the purchase of sacrifices.

 

Verse 17

the first day. The eating of the Passover took place on the fourteenth of Nisan. See Exodus 12:6Exodus 12:8Exodus 12:18Leviticus 23:5Numbers 9:3Numbers 28:16. The fifteenth was the high sabbath, the first day of the feast. See Numbers 28:17.

Where . . . ? This question shows that the date was the fourteenth of Nisan.

 

Verse 18

into. Greek. eis. App-104. as in verses: Matthew 26:30Matthew 26:32Matthew 26:41Matthew 30:45Matthew 30:52Matthew 30:71. such a man = a certain one. Greek. deina. Occurs only here in N.T.

Master = Teacher. App-98. Matthew 26:3.

at thy house = with (App-104.) thee.

 

Verse 19

had appointed. Greek. suntasso. Occurs only here, and Matthew 27:10.

 

Verse 20

He sat down. Thus showing us that this could not be the Passover lamb, which must be eaten standing. See Exodus 12:11.

 

Verse 21

as they did eat. This had been preceded by . It was the Passover feast, but not the Passover lamb, which followed it. See Matthew 26:2, and App-156and App-157.

betray Me = deliver Me up.

 

Verse 22

every = each. One after the other.

Lord. App-98. A. Literally, "Not I, is it. Lord? "

 

Verse 23

dippeth = dipped.

 

Verse 24

The Son of man. See App-98.

s written = hath been (or standeth) written.

of = concerning. Greek. peri.

by = by means of. Greek. dia. Not the same word as in Matthew 26:63.

it had been good. Figure of speech Paroemia. App-6.

if, &c. Assuming the condition as a fact. See App-118.

 

Verse 25

Master = Rabbi. App-98. as in Matthew 26:49; not the same as in Matthew 26:18. Literally, "Not I, is it. Master? "

Thou hast said = Thou thyself hast said [it].

 

Verse 26

bread = a hard biscuit, which required to be broken.

this is = this represents. See App-159and App-6, Figure of speech Metaphor.

 

Verse 28

My blood. No covenant could be made without shedding of blood (Exodus 24:8Hebrews 9:20); and no remission of sins without it (Leviticus 17:11).

the new testament = the New Covenant. This can be nothing else than that foretold in Jeremiah 31:31. If not made then, it can never now be made, for the Lord has no blood to shed (Luke 24:39). This is the ground of the proclamation of "them that heard Him" (Hebrews 2:3). See Acts 2:38, and Acts 3:19, &c. See also App-95.

new. Greek. kainos. New as to quality and character; not fresh made. Compare Matthew 27:60Mark 1:27.

testament. Greek. diatheke. This is the first occurrence in the N.T. It is an O.T. word, and must always conform to O.T. usage and translation. It has nothing whatever to do with the later Greek usage. The rendering "testament" comes from the Vulgate "testamentum". See App-95. Diatheke occurs in N.T. thirty three times, and is rendered covenant twenty times (Luke 1:72Acts 3:25Acts 7:8Romans 9:4Romans 11:27Galatians 1:3Galatians 1:15Galatians 1:17Galatians 4:24Ephesians 2:12Hebrews 8:6Hebrews 8:8Hebrews 8:9Hebrews 9:10Hebrews 9:4Hebrews 9:4Hebrews 10:16Hebrews 10:29Hebrews 12:24Hebrews 13:20); and testament thirteen times (here, Mark 14:24Luke 22:201 Corinthians 11:252 Corinthians 3:62 Corinthians 3:14Hebrews 7:22Hebrews 9:15Hebrews 9:15Hebrews 9:16Hebrews 9:17Hebrews 9:20Revelation 11:19). It should be always rendered "covenant". See notes on Hebrews 9:15-22, and App-95.

is. Used by the Figure of speech Prolepsis. App-6.

for the remission of sins. See Acts 2:38Acts 3:19.

 

Verse 29

not = by no means. Greek. ou me. App-105. This might have been soon verified, had the nation repented at the proclamation of Peter (). But now it is postponed.

this fruit of the vine. Figure of speech Periphrasis. App-6.

Father"s. App-98and App-112.

 

Verse 30

hymn = Psalm. Probably the second part of "the great Hallel" (or Hallelujah), Psalms 115, 116, 117, 118.

they went out. Another proof that this was not the Passover lamb. Compare Exodus 12:22. See note on Matthew 26:20.

 

Verse 31

be offended = stumble.

because of = in. Greek. en.

this night = in or during (Greek. en. App-104.) this very night.

it is written = it standeth written.

I will smite, &c. Reference to Zechariah 13:7. See App-107 and App-117. .

 

Verse 32

I will go before you. Compare John 10:4.

Galilee. App-169.

 

Verse 33

Peter = But Peter.

Though. Greek. Even if. Same condition implied as in verses: Matthew 26:24Matthew 26:39Matthew 26:42.

 

Verse 34

That. Greek. hoti. Separating what was said from the time when it was said. See note on Luke 23:43.

before. See note on Matthew 1:18.

the = a: i.e. one of other cooks.

Shalt = wilt.

thrice: i.e. three denials and a cock-crow; then three more and a second cock-crow; not three cock-crows. This prophecy was uttered three times: (1) John 13:38, relating to fact, not to time; (2) Luke 22:34, in the supper room; (3) and last, Matthew 26:34 (Mark 14:30), on the Mount of Olives. See App-156and App-160.

 

Verse 35

Though I should die = Even if (as in Matthew 26:24) it be necessary for me to die.

with = together with. Greek. sun. App-104.

also said . . . disciples = said . . . disciples also.

 

Verse 36

Then cometh, &c. The Structure (p. 1305) shows the correspondence between the Temptation in the Wilderness () and the Agony in the Garden (Matthew 26:36-46). That both were an assault of Satan is shown in Luke 22:53John 14:30; and by the fact that in each case angelic ministration was given. Compare Matthew 4:11 with Luke 22:43.

place. Not the usual word, or the same as in Matthew 26:52, but Greek. chorion = field, or farmstead; used as "place" is in Eng. of a separated spot, in contrast with the town. Compare its ten occurrences (here, Mark 14:32John 4:5Acts 1:18Acts 1:19Acts 1:19Acts 4:34Acts 5:3Acts 5:8Acts 28:7).

Gethsemane. An Aramaic word. See App-94.

pray. Greek. proseuchomai. App-134.:2. As in verses: Matthew 26:39Matthew 26:41Matthew 26:42Matthew 39:44. Not the same as in Matthew 26:53.

 

Verse 37

Peter, &c.: i.e. Peter, James, and John.

Zebedee. See note on Matthew 4:21.

sorrowful and very heavy = full of anguish and distress. Greek. ademoneo = very heavy: only here, Mark 14:33, and Philippians 1:2Philippians 1:26.

Verse 38

soul. Greek. psuche. See App-110.

exceeding sorrowful = crushed with anguish. So the Septuagint Psalms 42:5Psalms 42:11Psalms 43:5.

 

Verse 39

will = am willing. See App-102.

 

Verse 40

asleep. Intentionally. App-171.

 

Verse 41

that = to the end that.

spirit. Greek. pneuma. App-101.

willing = ready.

 

Verse 42

Thy will be done. The very words of Matthew 6:10.

 

Verse 45

now = afterward. Not "now", for see Matthew 26:46. If taken as meaning "henceforth" it must be a question, as in Luke 22:46.

the hour is at hand. See note on John 7:6.

the Son of man. See App-98.

 

Verse 46

going. To meet Judas; not to attempt flight.

 

Verse 47

lo. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6.

one of the twelve. So in all three Gospels. Had probably become almost an appellative by the time the Gospels were written (as "he that betrayed Him "had).

multitude = crowd.

staves = clubs. As in Matthew 26:55 and Mark 14:43Mark 14:48Luke 22:52. Not "staves", which is plural of rabdos = a staff for walking, as in Matthew 10:10Mark 6:8Luke 9:3 and Hebrews 11:21.

 

Verse 48

gave = had given.

hold Him fast = seize Him.

 

Verse 49

Hail = Greek. Chaire. An Aramaic salutation, like the Greek "Peace". Occ only here; Matthew 27:29Matthew 28:9Mark 15:18Luke 1:28John 19:32 John 1:10-11.

kissed Him = ostentatiously embraced Him.

 

Verse 50

Friend = Comrade. Greek. hetairos. Occurs only in Matthew (here; Matthew 11:16Matthew 20:13Matthew 22:12).

wherefore, &c. This is not a question, but an elliptical expression: "[Do that] for which thou art here", or "Carry out thy purpose".

took = seized.

 

Verse 51

sword. See Luke 22:36.

a servant = the bondservant; marking a special body-servant of the high priest, by name "Malchus" (John 18:10).

his ear = the lobe of his ear.

 

Verse 52

place: i.e. its sheath. Greek. topos. Not the same word as in Matthew 26:36.

take the sword, &c.: i.e. on their own responsibility (Romans 13:4).

shall perish. Compare Genesis 9:6. with = by. Greek. en.

 

Verse 53

cannot = am not able.

now = even now. T Tr. WH R read this after "give Me".

pray = call upon. Greek. parakaleo. App-134.

presently = instantly.

give = send, or furnish.

twelve legions: i.e. for Himself and the eleven apostles.

legions. A legion consisted of 6,000 (6,000 x 12 = 72,000). Compare 2 Kings 6:17.

 

Verse 54

be = come to pass.

 

Verse 55

a thief = a robber. As in Matthew 27:38Matthew 27:44. (Not "thief", as in Matthew 6:19Matthew 6:20Matthew 24:43; or "malefactor", as in Luke 23:39-43.)

I sat = I used to sit; or, was accustomed to sit. Imperf. Tense.

laid no hold on Me = ye did not (Greek. ou. App-105) seize me.

 

Verse 56

was done = is come to pass.

 

Verse 57

laid hold on = seized.

were assembled = had gathered together.

 

Verse 58

afar off = from afar.

unto = even to.

in = within [the court].

servants = officers.

 

Verse 59

council = Sanhedrin.

sought = were seeking.

false witness. Greek. pseudomarturia. Occurs only in Matthew, here, and Matthew 15:19.

against. Greek. kata. Not the same word as in Matthew 26:55.

to put = so that they might put, &c.

 

Verse 60

none = not [any]. Greek. ou. App-105.

yet found they none. All the texts omit these words; but Scrivener thinks on insufficient authority.

At the last = But at last.

two. Compare Deuteronomy 19:15.

 

Verse 61

I am able to destroy. This was "false". He said "Destroy ye". The false witnesses helped to fulfill it.

Temple. Greek. naos, the shrine. See note on Matthew 23:16.

in. Greek. dia. Perhaps better "within". See Mark 2:1Acts 24:17Galatians 1:2Galatians 1:1.

 

Verse 63

held = continued holding.

I adjure Thee = I put Thee on Thine oath. Greek. exor-kizo. Occurs only here.

whether = if, &c. Throwing no doubt on the assumption: as in verses: Matthew 26:24Matthew 26:39Matthew 26:42.

the Christ = Messiah. App-98. .

the Son of God. See App-98.

 

Verse 64

Thou hast said = Thou thyself hast said [it].

nevertheless = moreover, or however.

Hereafter, or Later on.

shall ye see. See App-133.

the Son of man. As in verses: Matthew 26:2Matthew 26:24Matthew 26:45. This is the last occurrence in Matthew. Quoted from Psalms 110:1Daniel 7:13.

on. Greek. ek. (Not the same word as in Matthew 26:18.) "On" here is not the same as in verses: Matthew 26:5Matthew 26:7Matthew 26:12Matthew 5:39Matthew 5:50.

power. See note on Matthew 7:2.

in = upon. Greek. epi.

heaven = the heavens. See note on Matthew 6:9Matthew 6:10.

 

Verse 65

clothes = robe.

 

Verse 66

guilty = deserving or subject to; "guilty" is obsolete in this sense Greek. enochos, as in Mark 14:641 Corinthians 11:27James 2:10.

 

Verse 67

in = on to. Greek. eis.

buffeted = cuffed, or slapped.

smote . . . hands. One word in the Greek Not necessarily implying "rods". See Matthew 5:39Mark 14:65John 18:22John 19:3. Compare Isaiah 50:6 (Septuagint) and Hosea 5:1Hosea 11:4 (Symmachus). Greek. rapizo. Occurs only in Matthew, here and Matthew 5:39.

 

Verse 68

Prophesy = Divine. Refers to the past, not to the future.

 

Verse 69

Now Peter, &c. See App-160on Peter"s denials.

sat = was sitting.

a damsel. Greek. one damsel. Because another is to be mentioned (Matthew 26:71).

 

Verse 70

denied. See App-160.

 

Verse 71

gone out. To avoid further questioning.

another. Another [maid]; feminine. See App-124.

This fellow was also = This [man] also was.

 

Verse 72

the man. Not even His name.

 

Verse 74

curse: i.e. to call down curses on himself if what he said were not true. Greek. katanathematizo. Occurs only here. See App-160.

the = a. No Art. See note on Matthew 26:34 and App-160.

 

Verse 75

word = saying. Greek. rhema. See note on Mark 9:32.

which = Who.

said = had said.

 

Chapter 27

Verse 1

against. Greek. kata. App-104.

Jesus. App-98.

to put Him, &c. = so that they might put Him, &c.

 

Verse 3

which had betrayed Him = that delivered Him up.

repented himself. Greek. matamelomai. App-111.

the thirty pieces, &c. Compare Matthew 26:15.

 

Verse 4

sinned. App-128. Literally "I sinned".

the innocent. (No Art.) The innocence of the Lord affirmed by six witnesses, three in Matthew and three in Luke :1. Judas (Matthew 27:4);

2. Pilate (Matthew 27:24);

3. Pilate"s wife (Matthew 27:19);

4. Herod (Luke 23:15);

5. the malefactor (Luke 23:41);

6. the Roman centurion (Luke 23:47).

innocent. Greek. athoos. Occurs only here, and Matthew 27:24.

blood. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Part), App-6, for the whole person, with a latent reference to Matthew 27:6. Compare verses: Matthew 24:25Psalms 94:21Proverbs 1:11.

What . . . &c. Ignoring both the Lord"s innocence and Judas"s guilt. see thou to that = thou wilt see [to it]. see. App-133.

 

Verse 5

in. Greek. en. App-104. But all the texts read eis = into (vi) the Sanctuary, over the barrier into the Sanctuary.

Temple = the Sanctuary. Greek. naos. See note on Matthew 23:16.

hanged himself. Greek. apagchomai. Occurs only here. Acts 1:18 describes what took place, in consequence, afterward. He must have been hanging before he could "fall forward". See note there. Greek. apagcho. Occurs only here (Matthew 27:5) in N.T. Septuagint for hanak. 2 Samuel 17:23, only of Ahithophel, the type of Judas (Psalms 55:14Psalms 55:15). See note on Acts 1:18.

 

Verse 6

because = since.

 

Verse 7

bought = purchased with money in the market. In Acts 1:18, the word is not agorazo, as here, but ktaomai = acquired as a possession by purchase. Acts 1:18 refers to quite another transaction. See App-161. There is no "discrepancy" except that which is created by inattention to the Greek words used.

with = out of. Greek. ek. App-104.

field. Greek. agros, not chorion = a small holding, as in Acts 1:18.

to bury strangers in = for (Greek. eis. App-104.) a burying ground (Greek. taphe. Occurs only here) for foreigners.

 

Verse 9

spoken. Not "written", either by Jeremiah or Zechariah, but "spoken" by Jeremiah. Greek. to rhethen, not ho gegraptai. See App-161.

by = by means of, or by [the mouth of]. Greek. dia. App-104. Matthew 27:1.

Jeremy = Jeremiah. of = from. Greek. apo. App-104.

children = sons. App-108.

Verse 10

as = according to what. Greek. katha. Occurs only here.

appointed. Greek. suntasso. Occurs only in Matthew (here and Matthew 26:19).

 

Verse 11

Thou sayest = Thou thy self sayest [it]. A Hebraism.

 

Verse 12

of = by. Greek. hupo. App-104. Not the same as in verses: Matthew 27:9Matthew 27:21.

nothing. Note the occasions of the Lord"s silence and speech.

 

Verse 14

never = not one.

word. Greek. rhema. See note on Mark 9:32.

 

Verse 15

people = crowd.

would. Greek. thelo. App-102.

 

Verse 16

Barabbas. Aramaic. See App-94.

 

Verse 17

will = choose. App-102.

Christ = Messiah. App-98.

 

Verse 18

knew = was aware. Greek. oida.

for = on account of. Greek. dia.

 

Verse 19

on = upon. Greek. epi. App-104. Not the same as in Matthew 25:30.

unto. Greek. pros. App-104. Not the same word as in verses: Matthew 27:27Matthew 27:33; but same as in Matthew 27:62.

I have suffered = I suffered.

a dream. Greek. onar. See note on Matthew 1:20.

because of. Greek. dia.

 

Verse 20

persuaded. See App-150.

multitude = crowds.

ask = ask for (themselves).

 

Verse 22

crucified. See App-162.

 

Verse 23

evil. Greek. kakos. App-128.

cried = kept crying

 

Verse 24

Was made = arose, or was brewing.

washed. Greek. aponipto. Occurs only here. See App-136.

innocent = guiltless.

of = from. Greek. apo. App-104. Same as in verses: Matthew 27:9Matthew 27:57. Not the same as in verses: Matthew 27:12Matthew 27:29Matthew 27:48.

blood. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of Species), App-6, for murder, as in Matthew 23:35Deuteronomy 19:12Psalms 9:12Hosea 1:4.

Person = [One].

see ye = ye will see. Greek. opsomai. App-133.

 

Verse 25

on. Greek. epi. App-104. Not the same as verses: Matthew 27:19Matthew 27:30.

children = offspring. Greek. Plural of teknon. App-108.

 

Verse 26

scourged. Greek. phragelloo. Occurs only here, and Mark 15:15.

delivered Him = handed Him over.

 

Verse 27

common hall = Praetorium. In Mark 15:16 it is called the aule, or open courtyard (compare Matthew 26:3). In John 18:28John 18:33John 19:9, it is Pilate"s house, within the aule.

unto = against. Greek. epi. App-104. Not the same as in verses: Matthew 27:19Matthew 27:33Matthew 27:45Matthew 19:62.

band. Render "cohort" and omit "of soldiers". The cohort contained about 600 men.

 

Verse 28

scarlet = purple.

robe. Greek. chlamus. Occurs only here, and Matthew 27:31.

 

Verse 29

crown. Greek. Stephanos (used by kings and victors); not diadema, as in Revelation 12:3Revelation 13:1Revelation 19:12.

upon. Greek. epi. App-104.

in. Greek. epi. App-104. But all the texts read in (as in verses: Matthew 27:27Matthew 27:5Matthew 27:60).

mocked Him: as foretold by Him in , but they were only ignorantly fulfilling His own word, as well as the Father"s purpose.

Hail. ! Compare Matthew 28:9.

 

Verse 30

upon = at. Greek. eis. App-104.

smote = kept heating.

on. Greek. eis. Same word as "upon"Matthew 27:30.

 

Verse 31

to = for to. Greek. eis (with Inf.) App-104.

 

Verse 32

him = this [man].

compelled. See note on Matthew 5:41.

 

Verse 33

unto. Greek. eis. App-104. Not the same word as in verses: Matthew 27:19Matthew 27:27Matthew 27:45Matthew 19:62.

Golgotha. An Aramaic word, from the Hebrew Gulgoleth (see App-94. Judges 9:532 Kings 9:35). Nothing is said about a "green hill". But an elevation, which we speak of as being a "head", "shoulder", or "neck". The Latin is calvaria = a skull. Hence Eng. Calvary.

 

Verse 34

They gave Him . . . drink. Note the five occasions on which this was done; and observe the accuracy of what is said, instead of creating "discrepancies":

1. On the way to Golgotha (Mark 15:23 = were offering, Imperfect Tense), He did not drink.

2. When they arrived there (Matthew 27:33), He tasted it, but would not drink.

3. Later, by the soldiers after He was on the cross (Luke 23:36), probably at their own meal.

4. Later still, a proposal made by some and checked by others, but afterward carried out (Matthew 27:48).

5. The last about the ninth hour, in response to the Lord"s call (John 19:29).

vinegar. In the first case, it was wine (Greek. oinon) drugged with myrrh (see Mark 15:22Mark 15:23). 2. In the second case, it was "vinegar (Greek. oxos) mingled with gall" (Greek. chole) (Matthew 27:33). 3. In the third case, it was "sour wine" (Greek. oxos), (Luke 23:36). 4. In the fourth case it was also "sour wine" (Greek. oxoa), (Matthew 27:48, as in Matthew 27:34). 5. In the fifth case it was the same (Greek. oxoa), (John 19:28). These then were the five occasions and the three kinds of drink.

tasted. See notes above. He would not. Greek. thelo.

 

Verse 35

ported His garments. This fulfilled Psalms 22:18; and marks a fixed point in the series of events, which determines the time of others.

 

Verse 36

watched = were keeping.

guard over. (Note the Imperf. Tense.)

 

Verse 37

set up over His head. This is not therefore the inscription written by Pilate and put upon the cross before it left Pilate"s presence (John 19:19); this was brought after the dividing of the garments; and was probably the result of the discussion of John 19:21John 19:22. See App-163.

over. Greek. epano = up over. See note "upon"Matthew 28:2.

THIS, &c. For these capital letters see App-48.

 

Verse 38

Then. After the parting of the garments. See App-163.

two thieves = two robbers. Greek. lestia. Therefore not the two "malefactors" (Greek. kakourgoi) of Luke 23:32, who "were led with Him to be put to death", and came to Calvary and were crucified with Him (Luke 23:33). These two "robbers" were brought later. Note the word "Then" (Matthew 27:38). See App-164.

with = together with: i.e. in conjunction (not association). Greek. sun. App-104.

one on, &c. See App-164.

 

Verse 39

passed = were passing. Another indication that it was not the Passover day. See App-166.

 

Verse 40

Thou that, &c. Perverting the Lord"s words (John 2:19). Compare Matthew 6:18.

the Son of God. App-98.

from = off. Greek. apo. App-104. Same as in w. 42, 45, 55, 64.

 

Verse 41

also the chief priests = the chief priests also.

said = kept saying.

 

Verse 42

He saved. Note the Alternation here, in the Greek. In Eng. it is an Introversion. j | Others k | He saved j | Himself k | He cannot save.

others. App-124.

cannot = is not (Greek. ou, as in Matthew 27:6) able to.

If he be, &c. The condition is assumed. See App-118. All the texts omit "if", and read "he is" (in irony).

 

Verse 43

trusted. See App-150. Quoted from Psalms 22:8.

if He will. The condition assumed, as in Matthew 27:42. Compare Psalms 18:19Psalms 41:11.

 

Verse 44

cast . . . teeth = kept reviling Him. Both the robbers reviled; but only one of the malefactors (Luke 23:39Luke 23:40). See App-164.

 

Verse 45

the sixth hour. Noon. See App-165.

there was darkness. No human eyes must gaze on the Lord"s last hours.

land. Greek. ge. App-109.

unto = until. See App-165.

the ninth hour. 3pm. See App-165.

 

Verse 46

about. Greek. peri. App-104. Eli, Eli, lama sabachtnani. The English transliteration of the Greek, which is the Greek transliteration of the Aram, "eli, "eli, lamah "azabhani. The whole expression is Aramaic. See App-94. Words not reported in Luke or John. Quoted from Psalms 22:1. See the notes there. Thus, with the Lord"s last breath He gives Divine authority to the O.T. See App-117. Note the "seven words" from the cross: (1) Luke 23:34; (2) Luke 23:43; (3) John 19:26John 19:27; (4) Matthew 27:46; (5) John 19:28; (6) John 19:30; (7) Luke 23:46.

Verse 47

Elias. Greek for Elijah. Mistaken by the hearers for the Hebrew (or Aramaic) "eliy-yah.

 

Verse 48

vinegar. Greek. oxos. See notes on Matthew 27:34.

gave = was offering.

 

Verse 49

will come = is coming. Reference to Mai. Matthew 4:5.

 

Verse 50

ghost = spirit. Greek. pneuma. See App-101.

 

Verse 51

behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6.

the veil. Greek. katapetasma = that which is spread out downward, or that which hangs down. Septuagint for Hebrew. masak, (Exodus 26:37Exodus 35:12Exodus 40:5). Occ only here; Mark 15:38Luke 23:45Hebrews 6:19Hebrews 9:3Hebrews 10:20. Not the same word as in 1 Corinthians 11:15, or as in 2 Corinthians 3:13-16 (Exodus 34:33, &c).

in = into. Greek. eis. Not the same word as in verses: Matthew 27:5Matthew 27:19Matthew 27:29Matthew 5:40Matthew 5:43Matthew 5:59Matthew 5:60.

from the top = from above, as in Luke 1:3. See note there. Greek. anothen. First of thirteen occurrences.

and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton in verses: .

rent = were rent.

 

Verse 52

graves = tombs.

arose = were waked. All the texts read "were raised". Is this the resurrection referred to in Romans 1:3? See notes there. Greek. egersis = awaking rousing up, or arising. Occurs only here. Compare John 12:24. They thus fulfilled the Lord"s word in John 5:25.

 

Verse 53

out of. Greek. ek.

after. Gr. meta. App-104.

resurrection = arising He rose: they were raised.

the holy city. See note on Matthew 4:5.

appeared: privately. Greek. emphanizo. See App-106.

 

Verse 54

saw = having seen.

 

Verse 55

beholding. Greek. theoreo. App-133.

afar off = from (Greek. apo. App-104.) afar.

which = who: i.e. such as.

Galilee. App-169.

 

Verse 56

which. Denoting a class: referring to Matthew 27:55.

Zebedee"s. See note on Matthew 4:21.

 

Verse 57

also himself = himself also.

was, &c. = had been discipled to Jesus.

 

Verse 58

He = This [man]. The Lord was thus buried by two secret disciples. See John 19:38John 19:39. Compare Mark 15:42Mark 15:43Luke 23:50-53.

delivered = given up. Compare .

 

Verse 60

laid it. See note on Isaiah 53:9.

new = Greek. kainos. See note on Matthew 9:17Matthew 26:28Matthew 26:29. Here = not newly hewn, but fresh; i.e. unused and as yet undefiled by any dead body.

tomb = monument. Greek. mnemeion.

sepulchre = tomb, as above. Not the same word as in Matthew 27:61.

departed. When Joseph rolled the stone against the door he departed; when the angel rolled it away, he "sat upon it" (Matthew 28:2).

 

Verse 61

Mary . . . Mary. See App-100.

sepulchre. Greek. taphos = burying-place. Not the same -word as in Matthew 27:60.

 

Verse 62

that followed. This was the "high Sabbath" of John 19:42, not the weekly Sabbath of Matthew 28:1. See App-156.

the day of the preparation. See App-156 and App-166.

 

Verse 63

Sir. See App-98.

remember = [have been] reminded.

deceiver = impostor.

After three days. They had heard the Lord say this in Matthew 12:39Matthew 12:40. This is how they understood the "three days and three nights". See App-144 and App-166,; compare "after" in Matthew 27:53.

 

Verse 64

made sure = secured.

the third day. See App-148.

the dead. See App-139.

error = deception.

the first. They do not say what the first was. It may be the crucifixion itself.

 

Verse 65

Ye have. Or, Ye may have.

a watch = a guard: the word being a transliteration of the Latin custodia, consisting of four soldiers (Acts 12:4). See note there. Greek. koustodia. Occurs only in Matthew (here, and in Matthew 28:11).

can = know [how]. Greek. oida. App-132.

 

Verse 66

and setting a watch = with (Greek. meta, as in verses: Matthew 27:34Matthew 27:41Matthew 27:54. Not as in verses: Matthew 27:7Matthew 27:38) the watch: i.e. in the presence of the watch, leaving them to keep guard.

 

Chapter 28

Verse 1

In, &c. For the sequence of events connected with the resurrection see App-166.

In.Greek. en. App-104.

end of = late on, &c.

the sabbath. The weekly sabbath. The seventh day; not the high sabbath of Matthew 28:62 or John 19:42, because that was the first day of the feast (following the "preparation day"). See App-156.

toward. Greek. eis. App-104.

Mary . . . the other Mary. See App-100.

to see = to gaze upon. Greek. theoreo. App-133. Not the same as in verses: Matthew 6:7Matthew 6:10Matthew 6:17.

sepulchre. Greek. taphos. As in Matthew 27:61Matthew 27:64Matthew 27:66. Not the same as in "tomb" (Matthew 27:60).

 

Verse 2

behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6.

was = happened.

the LORD = Jehovah (App-4). See App-98.

from = out of. Greek. ek.

heaven. Singular. See note on Matthew 6:9Matthew 6:10.

rolled back = had rolled back.

from = away from. Greek. apo. Compare Matthew 27:37.

sat upon it. See note on Matthew 27:60. Sat that it might he known by what power it was rolled back.

 

Verse 3

countenance = general appearance. Greek. idea. Occurs only here.

like lightning: in effulgence.

 

Verse 4

for = from. Greek. apo.

dead men. See App-139.

 

Verse 5

I know. Greek. oida. See App-132.

 

Verse 6

as = according as.

see. Greek. eidon. App-133.

lay = was (lately) lying.

 

Verse 7

the dead. See App-139. (Plural)

into = unto. Greek. eis.

Galilee. App-169.

see. Greek. opsomai. App-133.

 

Verse 9

went = were going.

met = confronted. As from an opposite direction, Compare the noun (Matthew 25:1Matthew 25:6Acts 28:151 Thessalonians 4:17).

held Him by the feet = seized Him by the feet.

worshipped = prostrated themselves before. See App-137.

 

Verse 11

the watch. See note on Matthew 27:68Matthew 27:66.

shewed = told. See verses: Matthew 28:8Matthew 28:9Matthew 28:10.

were done = had come to pass.

 

Verse 12

large = sufficient: i.e. to bribe them with.

 

Verse 13

Saying, Say ye = Telling them to say.

 

Verse 14

if this come, &c. = Should this come, &c. A condition of uncertainty. App-118.

persuade = satisfy: i.e.

bribe. Compare Galatians 1:1Galatians 1:10. See App-150.

secure you = free you from care: i.e. make you safe, or screen you. Compare 1 Corinthians 7:32.

 

Verse 15

saying = story. Greek. logos. See note on Mark 9:32.

is = has been.

 

Verse 16

a = the.

 

Verse 17

doubted = hesitated. Greek. distazo. Occurs only in Matthew (here and in Matthew 14:31). The Greek aorist may he so rendered, especially in a parenthesis; and is so rendered in Matthew 16:5Luke 8:29John 18:24, it should be in Matthew 26:48 and in Luke 22:44 also.

 

Verse 18

came = approached (as in Matthew 28:9).

spake . . . Saying. "Spake" referring to the act, and "saying" referring to the substance.

power = authority. Greek. exousia. App-172.

is given = has (just, or lately) been given.

heaven. Singular. See note on Matthew 6:9Matthew 6:10.

in = upon. Greek. epi.

 

Verse 19

Go ye, &c. See App-167.

teach = disciple. Not the same word as in Matthew 28:20.

nations = the nations.

baptizing . . . in. See App-115Tr. and WI m. read "having baptized".

in = into. Denoting object and purpose. Compare Matthew 3:11Acts 2:38.

the name. Singular. Not "names". This is the final definition of "the Name" of the One true God.

Father. App-98.

the Holy Ghost = the Holy Spirit. Greek. pneuma. See App-101.

 

Verse 20

always = all the days.

unto = until.

the end of the world = the completion, or consummation, of the age: i.e. that then current dispensation, when this apostolic commission might have ended. See App-129., and note on Matthew 13:39. But as Israel did not then repent (Acts 3:19-26Acts 28:25-28), hence all is postponed till Matthew 24:14 shall be taken up and fulfilled, "then shall the end (telos) of the sunteleia come". This particular commission was therefore postponed. See App-167.

world = age. Greek. aion. App-129.