hnizmk§fpsS hN\w (A1)

 

(]Xn¸v 1.0 19991026þ19991026 )

BZy \qäm­­n hn. {KÙw kw_Ôn¨v At¸mkvXe·mÀ ssIs¡m­­ \ne]mSnsâ kw£n]vX cq]amWnXv. ss__nÄ hN\§sf AXnsâ bpànbpàXtbmSpw hyàXtbmSpw IqSn ChnsS AhXcn¸n¡p¶p. CXn ssZhXzw, ]m]hntamN\ ]²Xn, a\pjysâ D¯chmZnXzs¯ kw_Ôn¨ kn²m´§Ä, aninlmsb kw_Ôn¨ kn²m´§Ä, Xn·bpsS {]iv\§Ä, k`, ssZhcmPyw F¶n§s\ Gg[ymb§fp­w. ]pcmX\ {InkvXpaXhpw B[p\nI {InkvXpaXhpw X½nepÅ AIes¯ kw_Ôn¨ tNmZy§sf ]cmaÀin¡p¶ Hcp BapJhpw CXn\­v. IqSmsX {XoXzhmZkn²m´§sf ]cntim[n¡p¶ Hcp A\p_Ôhpw tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.

{InkvXpaX¯nsâ hnizmk§fpsS samgn

Cu eLp kvXIw hnÂ]\bv¡pÅXÃ.
s]mXp XmÂ]cyw IW¡nseSp¯pÅ kuP\y hnZym`ymk tkh\amWnXv.

ISBN 0 646 20506 4

]IÀ¸hImiw (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997

P O Box 369, WODEN ACT 2606, AUSTRALIA

H¶mw ]Xn¸v HmKÌv 1994

c­mw ]Xn¸v s^{_phcn 1995

aq¶mw ]Xn¸v Pq¬ 1996

\memw ]Xn¸v amÀ¨v 1997

DÅS¡w

BapJw
 
A[ymbw 1: ssZhkzcq]w

1.1 ]nXmhmb ssZhw

1.2 ssZh]p{X\mb tbip

1.3 ]cnip²mßmhv

1.4]cnip²mßmhn\v {InkvXphpw a\pjyhwihpambpÅ _Ôw

1.5 {InkvXp, km¯m³, tZhZqX³ F¶nhÀ¡v ssZhhpambpÅ _Ôw

1.5.1 {InkvXp ssZh]p{X\msW¶ \nebnÂ

1.5.2 A´n {InkvXphnsâ kn²m´w

1.5.3 ssZh¯nsâ \mahpw ]cam[nImchpw

A[ymbw 2: ]m]hntamN\¯n\pÅ ]²Xn

2.1 a\pjyhÀK¯nâ ]X\w

2.2 a\pjyhÀK¯nâ ]m]tamN\w

2.3 hnip² {KÙw ssZh\nthinXsa¶ \nebnÂ

2.4 ]Ým¯m]hpw am\km´chpw

2.5 Úm\kv\m\w

A[ymbw 3: a\pjysâ D¯chmZnXzs¯ kw_Ôn¨ kn²m´§Ä

3.1 {]mÀ°\bpw Bcm[\bpw

3.1.1 {]mÀ°\bv¡pw Bcm[\bv¡pw ]m{XamIp¶ ssZhw

3.1.1.1 Bcm[\m ]m{Xw

3.1.1.2 {]mÀ°\m ]m{Xw

3.1.1.3 aäpÅhÀ¡p th­­n Häbv¡pw Iq«mbpapÅ {]mÀ°\

3.2 ]m]tamN\hpw \nbahpw X½nepÅ _Ôw

3.2.1 ssZhw \½psS ]mdbmIp¶p

3.2.2 ssZhIr]bmepÅ ]m]apàn

3.2.3 \nba¯n³ IognepÅ D¯chmZnXz§Ä

3.2.3.1 F´psIm­­v {InkvXym\nIÄ \nbaw ]men¡p¶p ?

3.2.3.2 {InkvXym\nIÄ ssZh¯nsâ Bebsa¶ \nebnÂ

3.2.4 ]¯p IÂ]\IÄ

3.2.5 a\pjysâ s]cpamäw kw_Ôn¨ aäp \nba§Ä

3.2.5.1 `£Ww kw_Ôn¨ \nba§Ä

3.2.5.2 im_¯v

3.2.5.3 \hN{µ³amÀ

3.2.5.4 hmÀjnI Ah[n Zn\§Ä

3.2.5.5. hnhmlw

3.2.6 ]W¯nsâ taÂt\m«w

3.2.6.1 ssZh¯ntebv¡v

3.2.6.2 aäpÅhcntebv¡v

3.2.7 Btbm[\hpw k½XnZm\hpw

3.2.7.1 Btbm[\w

3.2.7.2 k½XnZm\w

A[ymbw 4: aninlmsb kw_Ôn¨ kn²m´§Ä

4.1 {InkvXphnsâ BZyw apX¡pÅ \ne\n¸v

4.2 Ipcninteäepw DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¸pw

4.3 {InkvXphnsâ c­­mw hchv

4.4 {InkvXphnsâ ]p\cmKa\s¯ XpSÀ¶pÅ kphÀWbpKw

A[ymbw 5: Xn·bpsS {]iv\§Ä

5.1 kzÀ¤ZqXhyql§fpsS Iem]¯neqsS Xn·bpsS IS¶p hchv

5.2 ]qÀh\nÝnXs¯¡pdn¨pÅ kn²m´§Ä

5.3 acWs¸«hcpsS AhØ

5.4 acn¨hÀ¡pÅ ]p\cp°m\w

5.5 A[À½nIÄ¡pÅ in£

A[ymbw 6: k`

6.1 k` F¶m F´v? AYhm Bcv?

6.2 k`bpsS cq]LS\

6.3 k`bpsS e£yhpw [À½hpw

6.4 hnip²oIcWw

A[ymbw 7: ssZhcmPyw

7.1 ssZhcmPyØm]\w

7.1.1 BßobtZiw

7.1.2 {InkvXphnsâ bpKm´c hmgvN

7.1.2.1 aninlmbpsS Xncn¨phchv

7.1.2.2 C{ktbensâ ]p\sscIyw

7.1.2.3 IÀ¯mhnsâ Znhkw

7.1.3. \nXyamb ssZhcmPyw

7.1.3.1 ssZh¯nsâ hchv

7.1.3.2 ]pXnb `qanbpw ]pXnb sbdpkteapw

7.1.3.3 a\pjyhÀK¯nsâ `mhn

A\p_Ôw

===========================================================================================

BapJw

{Ko¡v XXzNn´sb ASnØm\am¡nbXpw \h ¹mtämWnkhpambn _Ôs¸«Xpamb Hcp ssZhimkv{X hyhØtbmSp tNÀ¶mWv ]Xnt\gp \qäm­­pIfmbn {InkvXpaXw \nesIm­pt]m¶n«pÅXv. ss__nfnsâ GI`mhm[njvTnXamb emfnXyw ]peÀ¯p¶ ktµihpw \nba§fnepambn ssZhw a\pjy\p \ÂInb shfn]mSnsâ HuNnXyhpw A¶s¯ `uXnItemI¯n A[nImchpw ta[mhn¯hpw t\Sm³th­­n hfs¨mSn¡¸SpIbpw Xakv¡cn¡s¸SpIbpw sNbvXn«p­v.

\n¡mbnb (325 F Un), ethmUnknb (366 F Un), tIm¬Ìmânt\¸nÄ (381 F Un), ImÂknU¬ (451 F Un) F¶o Iu¬knepIÄ cq]w \ÂInbsX¶p IcpXs¸Sp¶ ss__nÄ LS\bmbncp¶p AXnsâ ]cnWX ^ew. Bßob amÀK¯neqsS ssZhs¯ AdnbpI F¶ coXnsb Cu ]pXnb LS\ amänadn¡pIbpw ssZh¯nsâ {XnXz kz`mhs¯ apt¶m«p hbv¡pIbpw sNbvXp. ethmUnknb Iu¬kn (\nbaw 29) im_¯v Akm[phm¡pIbpw RmbÀ Bcm[\ sXm«v Unkw_dnse kqtcymÕhw hscbpÅ hn{Kl]qPmtLmj§Ä \S¸nem¡pIbpw sNbvXp. s]klm s]cp¶mfn\p ]Icw D°m\Zn\mNcWhpw (CuÌÀ) GÀs¸Sp¯n. ss__nfnsâ LS\sb a\Ênem¡pIbpw hymJym\n¡pIbpw sNt¿­­ coXnIfpw amänadn¡s¸«p. ssZhw tami¡p \ÂInb \nba§Ä¡v bmsXmcp {]kànbpw CÃmXmbn. am{Xaà \nehnepÅ hn{Klmcm[\m k{¼Zmb§sf km[qIcn¡pw hn[w ]pXnb \nba¯nse hmIy§Ä¡v hymJym\hpw Nabv¡s¸«p.

DZmlcWambn At¸mkvXe {]hr¯nIfn ]¯mat¯Xpw aäp Nne `mK§fpw sXämbn hymJym\n¨v ss__nfnse `£W \nba§Ä Hgnhm¡s¸«p. a\pjysâ BtcmKy¯n AXnsâ ^ew DS\Sn kw`hn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. F´mbmepw              c­­mbnct¯mfw hÀj§Ä Ignbpt¼mÄ am{Xambncn¡pw ]cnØnXnbn CXp­­m¡p¶ A´na ^ew shfns¸SpI. ss__nfnse \nbaw \njn²am¡nbn«pÅ ]e `£yhkvXp¡fpw a\pjyÀ Ign¡m³ XpS§nXmWv Hcp henb Afhphsc `£y irwJebpsS XIÀ¨bv¡v ImcWw.

N{µsâ ]s¯m³]Xv hÀj ]cnhr¯nbpambn _Ôs¸«n«pÅ `uanI km_¯ns³d Pq_nenhyhØ ]men¡mXncp¶XpsIm­v kw`hn¨ A[x]X\w aqeap­mb `uanI k¼¯ns³d \mi\ã¯ns³d tXmXv AdnbWsa¦n `qan D]tbmmKiq\yambn Xocp¶ AhØbnse¯Ww. {]IrXnbpsS k´pe\¯n\p th­­n ssZhw GÀs¸Sp¯nb {Ia§fpw ]cnhr¯nIfpw kw_Ôn¨ [mcWIsf \in¸n¡p¶Xn\p th­­nbpÅ Hcp {][m\ NphSphbv]mbncp¶p kuc Ie­­À GÀs¸Sp¯nbXv.

B[p\nI {InkvXpaX¯n\v bYmÀ° {InkvXpaXhpambn s]mXphn \maam{Xamb _ÔtabpÅq. {Ko¡v ssZh imkv{X hyhØ bqtdm¸nepw ]Ýntajybnepw cq]w \ÂInb sXämb {InkvXy³ hyhØbpsS t\cn«pÅ ^eambncp¶p CÉmansâ DÛhhpw ]n¶oSv CÉmapambp­­mb bp²§fpw. {InkvXpaX¯nse B[p\nI {InkvXpaXamIs«, bqtdm¸nepw ]Ýntajybnepap­mb sXÁmb ssZh¯nsâ ss{XIXzs¯ Bkv]Zam¡nbpÅ I¸tUmjy³ ssZhimkv{Xambncp¶p {Ko¡v ssZhimkv{X hyhØbv¡v Ahew_w.

{XnXzkn²m´w icn¡pw ]dªm kw`hyaÃ.  sXämb Cu kn²m´w 17 \qäm­pItfmfw \ne\n¶Xnsâ ]cnWX ^ew Cu `qan GXm­v \mi¯nsâ h¡nse¯pIbpw ss__nÄ \nba§sf A\pkcn¡m³ bYmÀ°¯n {ian¡p¶hÀ ]oUn¸n¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿pI F¶Xmbncp¶p.

ss__nfnsâbpw tbip{InkvXp, At¸mkvXe·mÀ F¶nhcpsS Iogn \ne\n¶ ]pXnb \nbas¯ ASnØm\am¡nbpÅ k`bptSbpw bYmÀ° ktµiw AXns³d X\nabn thÀXncn¨v efnXambpw hyàambpw FSp¯pIm«pI F¶XmWv Cu IrXnbpsS e£yw. hfsc Imeambn {]Ncn¸n¨p hcp¶ ]e sI«pIYItfbpw Cu IrXn shÃphnfn¡pIbpw \new]cnim¡pIbpw sN¿psa¶Xn kwibanÃ. Ignbp¶{X ss__nÄ hmIy§fpsSbpw AhbpÄs¡mÅp¶ hnhcW§fpsSbpw Hcp ]c¼c F¶ coXnbnemWv Cu IrXn cNn¡s¸«n«pÅXv. Hmtcm {]kvXmh¯n\pw Dt]mXv_eIamb ss__nÄ `mK§Ä D²cn¡pIbpw sNbvXn«p­vv. AXn\m Cu IrXn ZpcqlXbnÃm¯Xpw Bib hyàX DÅXpambn ]cnKWn¡s¸Sp¶p. Ignbp¶{X CS§fnepw ss__nfnse {]kà `mK§Ä ]qÀWambn¯s¶ D²cn¨n«p­­v. C¶v km[mcWambn«pÅXp t]mse kµÀ`¯n \n¶v ASÀ¯nsbSp¯v D²cn¡pItbm sXäm coXnbn D²cn¡pItbm sN¿mXncn¡m³ XnIª Pm{KX ]peÀ¯nbn«p­­v. Nne ss__nÄ `mK§Ä kv]ãambn¯s¶ hymPamIp¶p. (DZm:1 tbml. 5:7 sI sP hn, 1 Xntam¯n. kwlnX Fbn \n¶pÅ 3:16 sI sP hn). Asæn Nne sXämb XÀPpaItfm (1 sImdn 15:28 BÀ Fkv hn, shfn 3:14 F³ sF hn XpS§nbh AXn NneXp am{XamWv) hymJym\§tfm Bbncn¡pw. ss{XXz kn²m´s¯tbm I¸tUmjy³ hyhØsbtbm ]n´pWbv¡pIbmsW¶v ss__nÄ F¶ tXm¶epfhm¡pIbmWv ChbpsS e£yw.

aninlm ho­­pw hs¶¯pt¼mÄ ko\mbn h¨v tamibv¡\phZn¨ \nba hyhØIÄ AXnsâ ]qÀWXbn Xs¶At±lw ho­­pw AhXcn¸n¡pw. ss__nÄ hyhØ sN¿p¶ PohnXcoXnbpw Bcm[\m k{¼Zmbhpw Xncn¨dnbpIbpw {]mhÀ¯nIam¡pIbpw sN¿pI F¶Xv FÃm {InkvXym\nIfptSbpw _m[yXbmWv. tbip{InkvXphnsâ PohnXw A\pIcn¡pI F¶Xpw {InkvXp Hcp a\pjys\¶ \nebnepw AhXmc ]pcpjs\¶ \nebnepw ImWn¨ncp¶ PohnXhyhØsb ]n³]äpI F¶Xpw {InkvXym\nbpsS ISabmIp¶p. ss__nfns\ AXnsâ ka{KXbnepw hyàXbnepw AhXcn¸n¡m³ kaÀ¸nXamWv Cu IrXn. ]Xnt\gp \qäm­­pIfmbn \ne\n¡p¶ sXämb hyhØnXnsb XpS¨p\o¡pIbpw ss__nÄ A\phZn¡p¶ bYmÀ°hpw kXykÔhpamb PohnXcoXn ]n´pScm³ P\§sf, AhÀ ]­v Fs´ms¡ A\phZn¨ncp¶mepw Blzm\w sN¿pIbpamWv Cu IrXnbpsS e£y§Ä. sXämb ]mX XpSÀ¶p h¶hsc ]Ým¯]n¸n¡pIbpw ]pXnsbmcp PohnXssienbnte¡v sIm­phcnIbpamWv R§fpsS ZuXyw..

A[ymbw 1

ssZhXXzw

1.1 ]nXmhmb ssZhw

Cu {]]©¯nsâ ]caamb s]mcpÄ ssZhamWv. Ah³ kÀhià\mIp¶p. kzÀKt¯bpw ‘qantbbpw AhbnepÅ FÃm hkvXp¡tfbpw \ne\nÀ¯p¶Xpw Ah\mIp¶p (DÂ]¯n 1.1;s\slay 9:6; k¦oÀ 124;sbi¿mhp 40:26,28;44:24;At¸mkvXe {]hr¯nIÄ 14:15; 17:24-25; shfn]mSv 14:7) Ah³ am{XamWv A\izc³.

Ah³ \½psS ssZhhpw ]nXmhpamWv; tbip{IkvXphnsâ ssZhhpw ]nXmhpamWv (tbml¶m³ 20:17). Ah³ AXyp¶X\mb ssZhhpw (DÂ]¯n 14:18; kwJym 24:16; BhÀ¯\ ]pkvXIw 32:8; amÀt¡mkv 5:7) GI kXy ssZhhpamIp¶p.

1.2 ssZh]p{X\mb tbip

tbip kÀh krjvSn¡pw aps¼bpÅ BZyPmX\mIp¶p. (sImsem 1:15) AXn\m Ah\mIp¶p ssZhkrjvSnbpsS XpS¡w (shfn]mSv 3:14). Ah³ ssZh¯n \n¶pw PmX\mb Htcsbmcp ]p{X\mIp¶p.   (a¯mbn 3:17; tbml¶m³ 1:18; tbml¶m³ 4:9). ]cnip²mßmhnsâ Ir]bm I\ymadnb¯n \n¶p ]nd¶h³ (eq¡v 1:26þ35). Ah\mWv {InkvXp AYhm aninlm (a¯mbn 16:16; tbml¶m³ 1:41). ssZhw \½psS c£I\mbpw ]m]hntamNI\mbpw Ahs\ ]dªb¨ncn¡p¶p (a¯mbn 14:33; tbml¶m³ 8:42; Fs^kyÀ 1:7; Xnt¯mkv 2:14) AXyp¶X\mb ssZh¯nsâ ]p{Xs\¶v Ah³ hnfn¡s¸Sp¶p (amÀt¡mkv 5:7). acn¨hcn \n¶v DbnÀs¯gpt¶ÁXphgn ]cnip²mßmhns³d hnip²n Bhnjv¡cn¨ Ah³ ssZh]p{X\mbn ap³Iq«n \nÀ®bn¡s¸«h\mWv. (tdma 1:4). ZmhoZnsâ knwlmk\w Ah\v sImSp¯ncn¡p¶p. Ah³ bmt¡m_v {Kl¯n\v Ft¶¡pw cmPmhmbncn¡pw. Ahsâ cmPy¯n\v Ahkm\ap­mbncn¡pIbnà (eqt¡mkv 1:32).

1.3 ]cnip²mßmhv

sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ¡mbn {InkvXp hmKvZm\w sNbvX ssZh¯nsâ ssNX\yw Asæn iàn Xs¶bmWv ]cnip²mßmhv (tbml¶m³ 16:7). CXv Hcp hyànbà ssZh¯nsâ kPohamb iànbpsS _mlymhnjv¡mcamWv.  Ah³ aptJ\ \mw Hmtcmcp¯cpw ]cnip²mßmhn\m \ndbv¡s¸« ssZhoI {]IrXnbn  `mK`m¡mhp¶p F¶mWv AXnsâ AÀ°w (2 ]t{Xmkv 1:4). AXn\m FÃmhcpw ssZh¯nsâ ]p{X·mcmIp¶p. Aht\msSm¸w AhIminIfpamIp¶p.  ssZhw Xt¶mSp bmNn¡p¶hcpw Xs¶ A\pkcn¡p¶hcpamb FÃmhÀ¡pw ]cnip²mßmhns\ \ÂIp¶p (eqt¡mkv 11:9-13). ssZh¯ns³d {]amW§Ä ]men¡p¶hcn ]cnip²mßmhv IpSnsImÅp¶p (1 tbm 3:24 A¸. 5:37).  ]cnip²mßmhv ssZh¯nsâ tkhIsc \nXyamb kXy¯nte¡v \bn¡p¶p (tbml¶m³ 14:16, 17, 26). ssZh¯nsâ km£nIfmIm\pÅ iàn ]cnip²mßmhv a\pjy\p \ÂIp¶p (At¸mkvXe {]hr¯n 1:8)1 sImdn´yÀ 12:7-11- tcJs¸Sp¯nb t]mse AXv \ap¡v IgnhpIfpw KemXyÀ 5:22-23- Âhnhcn¨Xp t]mse AfhnÃm¯ ^e§fpw \ÂIp¶p (tbml¶m³ 3:34, tdma 12:6). ssZhw kIe¯nepw kIeambncnt¡­Xn\pÅ D]m[nbmWXv (1 sImdn. 15:28, Fs^kyÀ 4:6).

1.4 ]cnip²mßmhn\v a\pjyhÀ¤hpambpÅ _Ôw

Úm\kv\m\¯n\p ap¼p apX Xs¶ ]ncnip²mßmhv \½n {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p. {InkvXp hgn AXv Hmtcm hyIvXntbbpw ssZht¯mSv ASp¸n¡p¶p (F{_mbÀ 7:5).

]cnip²mßmhnsâ BZyZm\w a\pjy\p e`n¡p¶Xv Úm\kv\m\ thfnemWv. tdmaÀ 8:23 hyàam¡nbn«pÅXp t]mse icoc¯nsâ hos­Sp¸p hsc \mw Zs¯Sp¡s¸Sp¶nÃ. A§s\ ho­pw P\n¡s¸Sp¶ \mw ssZh¯nsâ alXz¯n F¯ns¸Sp¶Xp hsc ]cnip²mßmhn Zn\w tXmdpw {InkvXphn \mw hfÀ¶p sIm­ncn¡p¶p.

]cnip²mßmhv kXy¯nsâ Bßmhp Xs¶bmIp¶p (1 tbml¶m³ 4:6, 5:6). A§s\ \mw FÃm¯nepapÅ kXyw kwkmcn¨psIm­v {InkvXp F¶ \½psS Xetbmfw kIeXnepw {]XnZn\w hfcm³ CSbmIp¶p (Fs^kyÀ 4:15). ]cnip²mßmhv ssZh¯nsâ Bßmhpw (tdmaÀ 8:14) hnizmk¯nsâ Bßmhpw (2 sImdn´yÀ 4:13) BIp¶p. AXv FÃm hkvXp¡tfbpw At\zjn¡pIbpw FÃm¯nt\bpw AdnbpIbpw sN¿p¶p (1 sImdn 2:10-11, 12:3 FF)

]cnip²mßmhv F¶Xv {XnXz¯nsâ kzX{´amb LSIaÃ. \mw Ctemlnan (btlmh) F¯ns¸Sp¶Xn\pÅ Hcp amÀKamIp¶p AXv (k¡dnb 12:8). \½psS Nn´Isf¸änbpw \s½¸än¯s¶bpw ]cnip²mßmhv ssZhs¯ Adnbn¡pw. btlmhbnte¡pÅ amÀK¯n \s½ klmbn¡m\pw ]Tn¸n¡m\pw Bizkn¸n¡m\pw AXv {InkvXphns\ {]m]vX\m¡p¶p. A§s\ ssZhw \ÂInb iàn D]tbmKn¡m³ \t½bpw {]m]vXcm¡p¶p (k¦oÀ¯\§Ä 45:6-7; k¡dnb 12:8, F{_m 1:3-9). 1 sImdn´ycn hnhcn¨Xp t]mse Hmtcm hyàn¡pw Hmtcmcp¯\v Bhiyamb hn[w ssZh¯nsâ B{Klw ]cnip²mßmhv ]IÀ¶p \ÂIp¶p.

Bßmhns\ AhKWn¡p¶h\pw BIpe\mIp¶h\pw AhKWn¡s¸Sp¶Xp sIm­v Bßmhv sI«pt]mIp¶p. (sXÊ5:19) A§s\ Hmtcmcp¯À¡pw t\«hpw tIm«hpw kw`hn¡pw. (F^:4:30).

Bßmhnsâ ^ew kvt\lamsW¶v Kem: 5:22 ]dbp¶p. AXmbXv \½Ä ]ckv]cw kvt\ln¡p¶nsæn \n§fn ]cnip²mßmhnsâ km¶n[yap­mhpIbnÃ.

^nen¸nbÀ 3:3- ]dªXpt]mse \ap¡v ssZhs¯ Bcm[n¡m\pÅ am[yaamIp¶p Bßmhv. AXn\m Bcm[y hkvXp F¶ \nebn AXv ssZhamIpIbnÃ. ssZh¯n\v Xpey\pw BhpIbnÃ. {InkvXphn\v AXv iàn ]Icp¶p. A§s\ {InkvXp F¶pw \ne\n¡p¶ ]nXmhmIp¶p (sbi¿mhp9:6) kzÀK¯nepw ‘`qanbnepw ]e ]nXrXz§fpapÅXn ssZh \ntbmK¯n {InkvXp \nXy ]nXmhmbn¯ocp¶p.

CuZri kIe ]nXrXz§fpw Asæn IpSpw_§fpw ]nXmhmb ssZh¯ns³d \ma¯nepÅXpw AXpsIm­p Xs¶ \½Ä ]nXmhnsâ k¶n[nbn ap«pIp¯pIbpw ]nXmhns\ Bcm[n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (Fs^3:14-15).

krjvSnIfn BZy PmX\pw BZyw cq]saSp¯h\pw {InkvXphmWv. kzÀK¯nepw ‘`qanbnepw DÅXpw ZriyambXpw AZriyambXpw knwlmk\§Ä BIs« IÀXrXz§Ä BIs« hmgvNIÄ BIs« A[nImc§Ä BIs« kIehpw Ah³ hgnbmbpw Ah\p th­nbpw krjvSn¡s¸Sp¶p. Ah³ kIe¯n\pw aps¼bpÅh\pw kIet¯bpw _Ôn¸n¨p \ndp¯p¶h\pamIp¶p (sImsem1:16-17). ]t£ ssZhamWv Ahs\ krjvSn¨Xv. FÃm krjvSnIfpw {InkvXphn ØnXn sN¿Wsa¶Xpw hr²nt\SWsa¶Xpw ssZh¯nsâ CÑbmIp¶p. AXn\m {InkvXp HcÀ°¯nepw ssZhaÃ. ]nXmhmb ssZhw am{XamIp¶p ssZhw. AaÀ¯yXbpÅh\pw \nXyXbn \ne\n¡p¶h\pw Ah³ am{XamWv. (1Xntam :16).

{InkvXym\nIÄ tkh\\ncXhpw kaÀ¸nXhpamb Hcp PohnXw \bn¡m³ hnfn¡s¸«hcmWv. hnfn¡s¸«hÀ At\IcmsW¦nepw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ Npcp¡amIp¶p (a¯mbn 2:16, 22:14). {InkvXp ssZh¯ns³d sXcsªSp¡s¸«hs\¶Xp t]mse {InkvXym\nIfpw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcmIp¶p (eqt¡m23:35). ssZh¯nsâ \nÀt±i {]ImcamWv (1]t{Xmkv2:4) Ahsc sXcsªSp¯ncn¡p¶Xv (tbml6:70; 15:16, 19).

k` k`sb klbn¡m\mbmWv k` Xs¶bmb sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ¡v ssZh¯nsâ \nKqV clky§sf¡pdn¨pÅ [mcW ssZhw \ÂInbn«pÅXv. ssZh¯nsâbpw ssZhcmPy¯nsâbpw aÀ½w k`bv¡p \ÂInbn«pÅXv ]cnip²mßmhv hgnbmWv. (amÀt¡mkv4:11) ssZh¯nsâ Úm\w \nKqVambXn\m (1sImdn2:7) ssZh¯nsâ `rXy·mÀ AXv hniZoIcn¡p¶p (1 sImdn2:7, 15:51). ssZh¯nsâ CÑ Hcp \nKqV clkyw t]mse hniZoIcn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶Xn\m (Fs^1:9) ssZhw At±l¯nsâ tkhIÀ¡v AXv shfn]mSpIfmbn \ÂIp¶p. am{Xaà {InkvXphns³d ta[mhnXzs¯ ¡pdn¨pÅ clkyw Xs³d sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcneqsS shfns¸Sp¯p¶p.

]utemkv FgpXp¶p:

clky¯n \n§Ä¡mbn F\n¡p e`n¨ ssZhIr]bpsS hyhØsb¡pdn¨v Rm³ t\cs¯ Npcp¡¯n FgpXnbXp t]mse shfn]mSn\m F\n¡v Hcp clkyw Adnhmbn h¶p F¶v \n§Ä tI«n«p­tÃm. \n§Ä¡Xp hmbn¨m {InkvXphns\ kw_Ôn¨ clky¯n F\n¡pÅ t_m[w \n§Ä¡p a\Ênem¡mw. B clkyw Ct¸mÄ Ahsâ hnip² At¸mkvXe·mÀ¡pw {]hmNI·mÀ¡pw Bßmhn\m shfns¸«Xp t]mse ]qÀhIme§fn a\pjyÀ¡v Adnhmbn h¶ncp¶nÃ. AtXm hnPmXobÀ kphntij¯m {InkvXp tbiphn Iq«hIminIfpw GIicocØcpw hmKvZ¯¯n ]¦mfnIfpw BItWm F¶pÅXp Xs¶ (Fs^3:2-6).

1:5 {InkvXphpw km¯m\pw ssZhZqX·mcpw X½nepÅ _Ôw

ssZh\maw F¶v AÀ°w hcp¶ btlmh F¶ Cuizcsâ Xs¶ ]e ]e AkvXnXzs¯ ss__nfn ]cmaÀin¡p¶p­v. AXpt]mse XZ\pkmcnbmb Hcp \maambncp¶p tbiphnt³dsX¶v ]gb\nbaw ]dbp¶p (skJ¿mhv 12:8). ]pXnb \nba {]Imcw tbip {InkvXp ]pXnb DZbXmcambn ‘qanbnte¡v h¶p F¶v ]dbp¶p. ]n¶oSv Ah³ Xsâ Cu ]Zhn sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpambn ]¦phbv¡pw ( DÂ]¯n 2:28, 22:16).

{InkvXphnsâ ]nXmhpw ssZhhpambn«mWv ss__nÄ ssZhs¯ FSp¯p Im«p¶Xp (tdmam 15:6 sImdn1:3, 11:31; F^1:3, 17; sImsem. 1:3; F{_1:1 FF, 1 ]t{Xmkv. 1:3; 2 tbml. 3; shfn]mSv. 1:1, 6, 15:3). {InkvXphn\v PohnXhpw iànbpw A[nImchpw Xsâ ]nXmhmb ssZh¯nsâ BÚbn ewLn¨XmWv (tbml 10:17, 18). {InkvXp Bßobamb ]nXmhmb ssZh¯nsâ A\pbmbnbmIp¶p (a¯mbn 21:31, 26:39; amÀt¡mkv 14:36 tbml 3:16, 4:34). {InkvXp ssZh¯m \ntbmKn¡s¸«h\pw ssZhw {InkvXphnt\¡mÄ henbh\pw BIp¶p (tbml 14:2). ssZhw Xsâ GIPmX\mb ]p{Xs\ \mw Ah\m Pohnt¡­Xn\v temI¯nte¡b¨p (tbml 4:9). {InkvXphns\ alXzs¸Sp¯nbXv, ]Zhn sImSp¯Xv ssZhamIp¶p (tbml 8:54). ssZhw {InkvXphnt\¡mÄ henbh\mbXp sIm­v (tbml 14:28).

ssZhw Hcp ]mdbmWv. Hcp IÂJ\n t]msetbm Hcp ]ÀhXw t]msetbm AXn \n¶pw asäÃmw J\\w sNbvsXSp¡s¸Sp¶p. apJyhpw {]tbmP\{]Zhpamb ImcW§fm C{ktbepImsc tNemIÀ½w sN¿n¨Xv (BhÀ¯\w 1) AXn \ns¶Sp¯ Xo¡ÃsIm­mWv. ssZhw C{ktbensâ ]mdbmIp¶p. AhcpsS c£bpsS ]md (BhÀ¯\w 32:15). Ahsc P\n¸n¨ ]md (BhÀ¯\w 32:18; 28:31). imaph H¶mw ]pkvXIw 2:2]dbp¶Xv \½psS ssZhw \½psS ]mdsb¶mWv. imizXamb Hcp ]md (sbi¿hv 26:4). Cu ]mdbn \n¶mWv asäÃmhtcbpw sIm¯nsbSp¯ncn¡p¶Xv. hnizmk¯n FÃmhcpw A{_lmansâ ]n³KmanIfpw BIp¶p (sbi¿mhp 51:1, 2). `qanbn Xsâ km{amPyw Øm]n¡m\mbn aninlmsb Dcphm¡nbXv CtX ]mdbn \n¶mIp¶p (Zm\ntb 2:35; 15). ssZhamIp¶ Cu ]mdsb ASnØm\am¡n {InkvXp Xsâ k`bpsS ASn¡Ãv \m«pIbpw AXn\p apIfn k` sI«ns¸m¡pIbpw sN¿pw (a¯mbn 16:18). ]n¶oSv AXn\p apIfn Ah³ Xs³d km{amPyw `cn¡pw.

ssZh aµnc¯nsâ apJyamb aqe¡Ãv aninlbmIp¶p. sXcsªSp¡s¸« tbip Xs¶ apJy ImÀ½nIÀ, hnip²cn hnip²³. ]cnip²mßmhv IpSnsImÅp¶ {iotImhnemIp¶p FÃmw. Bßmhns\ Dcphm¡nsbSp¯ Cu tZhmeb¯n\p th­ IÃpIÄ sIm¯nsbSp¡p¶Xv BßoI ]mdbn \n¶mWv (1sImdn 10:4). ssZhsa¶ ]mdbn \n¶pÅ IÃpIfmWv Cu tZhmeb¯nsâ XS§Â ]mdbpw CSÀ¨¡Ãpambn hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv (tdmam 9:33). Cu tZhmeb ]mdbn \n¶mWv asÁÃmw sIm¯nsbSp¡s¸Sp¶Xpw þ {InkvXphns\t¸mse ssZhw kIeXpambncn¡¯¡hn[w tbip{InkvXp tZhmebw ]Wnbp¶p.  (Fs^ 4:6). {InkvXphns\ ssZhw FÃmhcnepw FÃmw B¡n (1 sImsem 3:11). FÃmw Xsâ Im¡ognem¡ns¡mSp¯p (1 sImdn 15:27).FÃmänepw FÃmw \ndbv¡p¶hsâ \ndhmbncn¡p¶ Ahsâ icocamb k‘bpsS kÀh¯n\pw aosX Xebm¡n {]XnjvTn¨ncn¡p¶p (Fs^kyÀ 1:22-23). ssZhw kIehpw {InkvXphnsâ Im¡ognem¡ns¡mSp¯p F¶p ]dbpt¼mÄ Ahbn ssZhw DÄs¸Sp¶nà F¶v hyIvXamWv. (1 sImdn 15:27).

FÃmw {InkvXphnsâ kzm[o\¯n Ccp¶mepw Xsâ ]nXmhmb ssZhw FÃm¯nepw tase BIp¶Xn\p th­n Xs¶bpw X\n¡pÅXmb A[oiXzt¯bpw X\ns¡Ãmw X¶ ssZh¯n¦eÀ¸n¨v Ah\v hnt[bamIp¶p.  A§s\ {InkvXphnt\bpw ssZht¯bpw {XnXz¯n _Ôn¡p¶ {`amßIamb kn²m´w hnip² {KÙ¯ns\XncmsW¶p ImWmw.  (1 sImdn 15:28)  {InkvXp ssZh¯ns³d BÚb\pkcn¨v AhnSps¯ heXp`mK¯ncp¯pw (F{_m. 1:3, 13, 8:1, 10:12 1. ]t{Xm. 3, 22) AhnSps¯ knwlmk\w ]¦phbv¡pw  sXcsªSp¡s¸« hnip²cmIs« {InkvXphnt\msSm¸w knwlmk\¯n ]¦pImcpw (shfn 3:21) AXv ssZh¯ns³d knwlmk\ambncn¡pw (45. 6þ7)

ssZhw ssZhZqXt\¡mÄ henbh³ (tbml 13:10) Zmk³ bPamt\¡mÄ henbh\paà (tbml 15:20)

Ab¨h\mb ssZhw Ab¡s¸«ht\¡mÄ t{ijvT\t{X.

sNIp¯m³ acp`qanbn h¨v {InkvXphns\ ]co£n¨p. F¶m ^e¯n sNIp¯ms³d ]co£Ww AhnsS Bcw`n¨p.

`qanbpsS {]`mX\£{Xambncp¶ sNIp¯m³ Ah\mbncp¶p. Cu {Kl¯nsâ {]ImihmlI³ Asæn eqk^À (sbsi 14:12) AXnsâ Kpcphpw c£IÀ¯mhpambncp¶ Ah³ ^e¯n ]nXmhmb ssZh¯nsâ A\pbmbnIfn Hcph\mb Ftemln apIfn Hcmfmbncp¶p.

bmt¡m_n \n¶pw DZn¨p htc­ \£{XamWv {InkvXp (kwJy: 24:17) ‘`qanbpsS \nÀ½nXnbpsS ]qÀ¯oIcW¯n\v km£yw hln¨ {]`mX \£{X§fn H¶mb tamibpsS ]pkvXI§fn kqNn¸n¨Xp t]mse (Ctbm_v 38:7) ZmhoZn \n¶pw h¶ bmt¡m_nsâ a\pjy\mbn¯oÀ¶ btemhm¡fn Hcph³ (shfn 22:16).

tbip {InkvXp F¶ t]cn \madnbp¶ btlmh C\nbpw Cu Krl¯nsâ {]‘mX \£{Xambn¯oÀ¶n«nÃ. B ]Zhn Ct¸mgpw

sNIp¯m\p Xs¶bmWv (tbi 14:12, sbl 28:2-10).

{InkvXphns\ C{ktbensâ btlmhbmbn A`ntjIw sNbvXncn¡p¶p, Iq«pImcnepw ]¦mfnIfnepw tasebmbn Ahs\ hmgn¨ncn¡p¶p (k¦oÀ 45:7). F¦nepw {]`mX \£{Xw F¶ ]Zhn hmkvXh¯n {InkvXphn\nÃ, Xsâ c­mw hchp hsc AX\pkcn¨v IÀ¯hy§sf GsäSp¡pIbnÃ. Ahs\ DZbXmcambn X§fpsS lrZb§fn {]XnjvTn¨, sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpambn {InkvXp Xsâ ]ZhnItfbpw IÀhy¯hy§tfbpw ]¦phbv¡p¶p (2 ]t{Xm 1:19 ]cn‘mj Zn\Xmcw). sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ Cu A[nImcw ]¦phbv¡m³ {]XnÚm_²cmWv (shfn 2:28  \n¶pw).

sbi¿m 14:12þ ]dªt]mse DZbXmcIamb sNIp¯m³ AXyp¶X\mb ssZhs¯ Asæn ]nXmhmb ssZhs¯ shÃphnfn¨p. sNIp¯m³ ssZh¯nsâXmb B knwlmk\s¯ AXn{Ians¨Sp¡m³ Asæn Xsâ knwlmk\s¯ ssZh¯nsâ \£{X§Ä¡pw btlmhbpsS k‘IÄ¡pw apIfnte¡v DbÀ¯m³ {ian¨p. ChnsS ]dbp¶ k`sb k¦oÀ¯\w 82:1þ btlmhbpsS Asæn ssZh§fpsS hrµw F¶v ]cmaÀin¨ncn¡p¶p. tbml¶msâ injy\mb t]mfnImÀ]v ]pWyhmfsâ injyXzapÅ sFtd\nbkv ]dbp¶Xv k¦oÀ¯\§Ä 82:1 {]Imcw ssZh§Ä F¶Xn sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpw DÄs¸sS  Zs¯Sp¡s¸«hÀ F¶p hntijn¸n¡s¸Sp¶p F¶mWv (F F³ F^v A. 1 t]Pv 49).

ssZh]p{X·mÀ H¶ne[nIap­v (tPm_v 1:16, 2:11, 38:7, ]n.Fkv. 86:8þ10, 95:3,4, 135:5). AhÀ _ns\ Fenb³  AYhm ]ctam¶Xs³d ]p{X·mÀ F¶dnbs¸Sp¶p. ssZh]p{X·mcmbn kzÀKZqX·mtcmsS¸w a\pjycn \n¶pw sXcsªSp¡s¸«htcbpw DÄs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p (tdma 8:14). BbXn\m ssZh]p{X³ F¶ \nebn {InkvXphpw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpw ]cnip²mßmhneqsS, ssZh¯n\v GI·mcmbncn¡p¶p. CXv ‘`qanbpsS ASnØm\w apXte \nÝbn¡s¸«n«pÅXmWv. {InkvXp a\pjy\mIm³ th­n Xs³d A[nImc§sf ASnbdh¨p. Ah\pw sXcsªSp¡s¸« FÃmhcpw acn¨n«v DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¡bm hnip²nbpsS Bßmhv kw_Ôn¨v ssZh]p{X³ F¶ A[nImct¯msS \nÀWbn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. (tdmaÀ 1:4) kn\mbn h¨v tamitbmSp kwkmcn¨Xv Hcp amemJbmbncp¶p, B amemJ {InkvXphmbncp¶p (At¸m 7:35þ39). KemXyÀs¡gpXnb teJ\¯n 14:4þ ]utemkv Xs¶¯m³ {InkvXp tbiphns\t¸mse Hcp ssZhZqX\mbn D]an¨ncn¡p¶p.

\½fpw ssZhZqX·msct¸msebmbn¯ocp¶p (a¯m 22:36). {InkvXphn\v Iq«hIminIfpw (tdmaÀ 8:17, Kem 3:29;Xnt¯m 3:7, F{_m 1:14, 6:17, 11:9;bmt¡m 2:5, ]t{Xm 3:7). ]gb \nbaw Øm]n¡p¶sXs´¶m ssZh¯nsâ amemJbmWv btlmh, Ctemlw F¶o c­pw (]pd 3:2, 4þ6). AhnsS ssZhw AYhm Ctemlnw Bbh³ Hcp ssZhZqX\mWv (skJ 12:8).

k¦oÀ¯\§Ä 89:6þ8þ ]dbp¶X\pkcn¨v hnip²·mcpsS Hcp kwLhpap­v. B´cnIhpw _mlyhpambhsb DÄs¡mÅp¶ Hcp k`. ssZh\oXnbpsS Znhy k`bmbn CXv Adnbs¸Sp¶p.

1.5.1 ssZh]p{X\mb {InkvXp

km¯m³ ]e amÀK§fneqsSbpw {InkvXphns\ {]tem`n¸n¡m³ t\m¡n. BZyambn km¯m³ {InkvXphns\ ssZh]p{X³ F¶v ]cmaÀin¨p (a¯mbn 4:3, 4:6, eqt¡m 4:3). `qX§fpw {InkvXphns\ ssZh]p{X³ F¶v ]cmaÀin¡pIbp­mbn (a¯mbn 8:29, eqt¡m 4:41, amÀt¡m 3:11). ssZh]p{Xs\¶ \nebn Xsâ Znhyiàn {]ZÀin¸n¡m³ km¯m³ {InkvXphns\ t{]cn¸n¨p. Xsâ ZqX·mÀ {InkvXphns\ Im¯pc£n¡psa¶v ssZhw hmKvZm\w sNbvX Imcyw (k¦o 91:11þ12) km¯m³ FSp¯p ]dªp. F¶m “\nsâ FÃm hgnIfnepw \ns¶ Imt¡­Xn\v”’F¶ ‘mKw km¯m³ hn«pIfbpIbpw ]Icw ‘GXp kab¯pw’F¶v Iq«nt¨À¡pIbpw sNbvXp. A§s\ {InkvXp ssZh]p{X\Ã, ssZhw Xs¶bmWv F¶ t_m[ys¸Sp¯m\mWv km¯mt\m `qX§tfm hn. {KÙw hfs¨mSn¨p sIm­v {ian¨Xv. hmkvXh¯n {InkvXphmWv ]caamb ssZhamsW¶v Du¶n¸dbm³ Ahsâ acWw hsc Ah³ {ian¨nÃ. {InkvXphnsâ acW¯n\p tijw, ]nXmhmb ssZhs¯t¸mse {InkvXphpw ssZhamsW¶v ]dbpI hgn {InkvXp Xsâ PohnX¯n F´ns\bmtWm \ncmIcn¨Xv AXns\ Øm]n¡m\mWv km¯m³ {ian¨Xv. km¯m³ {InkvXphn\p t\sc \o«nb Hmtcm {]tem‘\hpw {InkvXphn\v ssZht¯mSpÅ hnt[bXzs¯ A«nadn¡m³ th­nbmbncp¶p. ^e¯n AXv thZ]pkvXIs¯ Xs¶ \ntj[n¡m\pÅ {iaambncp¶p. {InkvXphns\s¡m­p Xs¶ Bcm[n¡phm³ km¯m³ t{]cn¸n¡pIbp­mbn. Xs¶ Bcm[n¡pIbmsW¦n Cu `qanbpsS apgph³  `cWm[nImcw At¸mįs¶ {InkvXphn\v \ÂImsa¶v km¯m³ hmKvZm\w sNbvXp.

`qanbpsS `cWm[nImcw X\n¡p \ÂIm\pÅ km¯msâ AhImis¯tbm Asæn `qanbpsS `cWw km¯msâ ssIIfnemsW¶ hmZs¯tbm {InkvXp tNmZyw sNbvXnÃ. ]Icw {InkvXp C§s\ adp]Sn \ÂIn:

C§s\ FgpXs¸«ncn¡p¶p; \n§fpsS {]`phmb ssZhs¯ \n§Ä Bcm[n¡pw. Ahs\ am{Xta \n§Ä tkhn¡pIbpÅq..

km¯m³ Xs¶ Bcm[n¡Wsa¶v {InkvXp ]dªnÃ. ]Icw km¯mt\mSv \nbaw Nq­n¡m«pIbmWv sNbvXXv. Xm³ ssZhamsW¶v {InkvXp Xs³d t{]jnX{]hÀ¯\¯nsemcnS¯pw Hcn¡epw AhImis¸««nÃ. Xm³ ssZh]p{X\msW¶mWv Ah³ ]dªXv. Cu ImcWw sIm­mWv Ah³ IpähnNmcWbv¡v hnt[b\mbXv.

a¯mbn 27:43þ ]dbp¶Xp t]mse Ah³ ssZh¯n B{ibn¡p¶p. Ah\v Ch\n {]kmZaps­¦n Ct¸mÄ hnSphn¡s«. ‘Rm³ ssZh]p{X³ F¶v Ah³ ]dªphtÃm.’

k¦oÀ¯\w 22:1þ ]dbp¶ t]mse Cu L«¯nemWv Ah³ C§s\ hne]n¨Xv:

Fsâ ssZhta, Fsâ ssZhta, \o Fs¶ ssIhn«sX´v?

{InkvXp kzbw ssZhambn IcpXnbncp¶nsöv ChnsS hyàamIp¶p. Xm³ Cu hn[w At]£n¨ ssZh¯nsâ `mKamIp¶p {InkvXpsh¶v IcpXp¶Xv XnI¨pw \ncÀ°IamWv.

1.5.2. A´n{InkvXphnsâ kn²m´w

1 tbml¶m³ 4:1þ2þ FXnÀ {InkvXphnsâ kn²m´w {]kvXmhn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. 1 tbml¶m³ 4:1þ2þsâ icnbmb {]mNo\ cq]w Irem?us A[ymbw 16:8 (F F³ F^v hmfyw 1, ASn¡pdn¸v 443)þs\ Bkv]Zam¡nbpÅXmWv.

ssZh¯nsâ Bßmhns\ CXn\m Adnbmw: tbip {InkvXp a\pjy\mbn AhXcn¨p F¶p hnizkn¡p¶ Bßmshms¡bpw ssZh¯n \n¶pÅXmWv;tbiphns\ \ncmIcn¡p¶ bmsXmcp Bßmhpw ssZh¯n \n¶pÅXÃ. AXv A´n{InkvXphsâ Bßmhp Xs¶.

Ncn{XImc\mb tkm{I«okv (VII 12, t]Pv 38) ]dbp¶X\pkcn¨v tbip {InkvXphnsâ a\jy kz`mhs¯  At±l¯nsâ ssZhnIXz¯n \n¶pw thÀs]Sphn¡m³ B{Kln¡p¶hÀ Cu hmIy§Ä hfs¨mSn¡pIbmWv. {InkvXp ssZh]p{X\mWv, GI kXyamb ssZhaà (tbml 17:3).

eqt¡mkv 22:7þepw CXp ]dbp¶p: AhscÃmw tNmZn¨p; ‘At¸mÄ \o ssZh]p{X\mtWm’ ?

Ah³ adp]Sn ]dªp: ssZh]p{Xs\¶v \n§Ä ]dbp¶Xv icnbmWv.

{InkvXphns\ ssZh]p{X\mbn Xmsg ]dbp¶hbn AwKoIcn¡p¶p:

a¯mbn 27:54 kXyambpw CXv ssZh]p{X³ Xs¶bmbncp¶p F¶v ]dbp¶p. amÀ¡v 1:1 A\pkcn¨v kphntij ]pkvXIw ssZh]p{X\mb tbip {InkvXphntâXmWv.

eq¡v 1:35þ ZqX³ adnbtbmSp ]dbp¶Xv, AXyp¶Xsâ iàn \nsâ ta \ngenSpw, BIbm DÛhn¡p¶ hnip² {]P ssZh]p{X³ F¶p hnfn¡s¸Spw F¶mWv.

{InkvXp ssZh ]p{X\msW¶dnbphm³ ssZh¯nsâ shfn]mSp­mIp¶p:

iotam³ ]t{Xmkv \o Poh\pÅ ssZh¯nsâ ]p{X\mb {InkvXp F¶v D¯cw ]dªp. tbip Aht\mSv “_À tbmkm iotamt\ \o `mKyhm³. PUcà§fà kzÀKØ\mb Fsâ ]nXmhs{X CXv \n\¡v shfns¸Sp¯nbXv”F¶v D¯cw ]dªp (a¯mbn 16:16þ17).

a¯mbn 11:27 C§s\ ]dbp¶p.

Fsâ ]nXmhv kIehpw F¦Â ‘ctaÂ]n¨ncn¡p¶p, ]nXmhÃmsX Bcpw ]p{Xs\ Adnbp¶nÃ, ]p{X\pw ]p{X³ shfns¸Sp¯ns¡mSp¡m³ COn¡p¶hcpw AÃmsX Bcpw ]nXmhns\ Adnbp¶XpanÃ.

C{]Imcw ]nXmhv hkvXpXIÄ hyànIÄ¡v shfns¸Sp¯pIbpw Ahsc {InkvXphns\ GÂ]n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. {InkvXphmIs« AhÀ¡v ]nXmhns\ shfns¸Sp¯p¶p.

1.5.3. ssZh¯nsâ \mahpw ]cam[nImchpw.

ssZhw Gähpw ]cam[nImcapÅh\pamsW¶Xn XÀ¡anÃ. kZrihmIy§Ä 30:4þ5 ssZh¯nsâ t]cpw Ah\v Hcp ]p{Xs\¶Xpw hyàam¡p¶p.

kzÀK¯n IbdpIbpw Cd§nhcnIbpw sN¿p¶hÀ Bcv?

Imäns\ Xsâ apjvSnbm ]nSn¨S¡nbh³ Bcv?

kap{Z§sf hkv{X¯n HXp¡nbh³ Bcv?

`qanbpsS AdpXnIsfms¡bpw \nban¨h³ Bcv?

Ahsâ t]sc´v?Ahsâ ]p{Xsâ t]sc´v? \n\¡dnbmtam?

ssZh¯nsâ (btlmhbpsS) kIe hN\hpw IpÁaXmIp¶p, X¶n A`bw tXSp¶hÀ¡v Ah³ ]cnNbmIp¶p.

Ahsâ hN\§tfmSp IqSn \o H¶pw Iq«cpXv:Asæn Ah³ \ns¶ imkn¡pIbpw \o IÅ\msW¶v sXfnbn¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

ss__nÄ AXnsâ hmIy§sf¯s¶ hymJym\n¡pIbmWnhnsS. ta¸dª tNmZy§sf¯pSÀ¶v ssZh¯nsâ t]cv t\cn«v \ÂInbncn¡p¶p. ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw IqSnt¨À¶Xà ssZhsa¶pw ssZh¯n\v Hcp ]p{X\p­¶pw ChnsS hyàam¡p¶p.

IqSmsX ]nXmhmWv FÃm Bcm[\IfptSbpw e£ysa¶v ]pXnb \nbaw hyàambn {]kvXmhn¡p¶p.

tbml¶m³ 4:21þ ]dbp¶X\pkcn¨v {InkvXp iacnbbnse kv{XotbmSv AhÀ¡v AhcpsS aebntem (iacy) sbdpiteantem ]nXmhns\ \akvIcn¡m³ Ignbm¯ Imew hcpsa¶v ap¶dnbn¸p \ÂIp¶p­v. F¶m Ah³ tbml¶m³ 4:23þ hyàambn ]dbp¶p:

bYmÀ° Bcm[I³ ]nXmhns\ Bßmhnepw kXy¯nepw \akvIcn¡p¶ \mgnI hcp¶p; AÃ AXp h¶p Ignªp.  Xs¶ \akvIcn¡p¶hÀ C§s\bpÅhÀ Bbncn¡Wsa¶v ]nXmhv CÑn¡p¶p.

Bcm[\ ]nXmhn\msW¶pw X\n¡söpw {InkvXp ChnsS shfns¸Sp¯p¶p­v. AXn\m ssZh¯n\p ]Icw {InkvXphns\ Bcm[n¡pI F¶Xv ssZh \nµ Xs¶bmWv. tbml¶m³ 3:14þse tami acp`qanbn kÀ¸s¯ DbÀ¯nbXp t]mse a\pjy]p{Xt\bpw DbÀt¯­XmIp¶p F¶ hmIys¯ sXämbn hymJym\n¡p¶hcmWnXv sN¿p¶Xv. {InkvXphnsâ {IqimtcmlW¯nsâ e£yw NneÀ sXÁmbn hymJym\n¡p¶Xpt]mse Bcm[\maqÀ¯nbm¡pI F¶XÃ, a\pjy\v \nXyamb PohnXaps­¶v hyàam¡pIbmWv. {InkvXphmWv Bcm[n¡s¸tS­Xv F¶ sXämb \nKa\¯n \n¶mWv Xncph¯mg IÀ½¯n {InkvXphnsâ càamwk§sf {InkvXym\nIÄ Bcm[n¡p¶p F¶v NneÀ ]dbp¶Xv.

]gb \nba¯nse ssZhamb btlmh Xs¶bmWv ]pXnb \nba¯nse Bebhpw tbip {InkvXphnsâ ssZhhpw. Pdpkteanse Bebambncp¶p btlmhbpsS ‘h\w (F{_ 4:24, 5:2, 13, 15, 16, 17; 6:3, 5, 7, 8, 16, 17, 7:23). C{ktbensâ btlmh Bbncp¶p (F{_ 5:1, 7:15) kzÀK¯nsâ alm ssZhw Ah\mbncp¶p (5:8, 12).

Ah³ Xsâ \maw hkn¡pamdm¡nb B tZhmeb¯nse Bcm[\bpsS e£yw Ah\mbncp¶p (F{km 8:10, 12). tZhmeb¯nsâ \nÀ½mW¯n\v Ah³ IÂ]n¡pIbpw (F{km 6:14) AhnSs¯ ]utcmlnXyw Ahsâ ip{iqjbv¡pw (F{_ 6:18, 7:24) CÑbv¡pw th­n Im¯p\n¡pIbpw (F{km 7:18). AhnSs¯ \ymb{]amWw kzÀK¯nse \ymb{]amWambncp¶p (F{km 7:12, 14). ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amW§Ä Adnbmhp¶hÀ AXv Adnbm¯hÀ¡v D]tZin¨p sImSpt¡­XmIp¶p (F{km 9:25). ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amWw A\pkcn¨pÅXmbncn¡pw hn[nIÂ]\ (F{km 7:26). Cu AXyp¶X\mb ssZhw Xs¶bmWv ]nXmhv, aninlbpsS ]nXmhv F¶Xn\m asäÃmhcpw ssZh¯nsâ a¡fmIp¶p.

A[ymbw 2

]m] hntamN\¯nsâ ]²Xn

2.1 a\pjyhÀK¯nsâ ]X\w

ssZhw Ahsâ kz´w cq]¯nepw kmZriy¯nepamWv a\pjys\ krjvSn¨Xv (DÂ]¯n 1:26þ27). ssZht¯mSv A\pkcWbnÃmbva ImWn¨Xn\v BZhpw lÆbpw in£n¡s¸«p (DÂ]¯n 3:16þ19). Cu [n¡mc¯nsâ ^eambn ]m]hpw AXnsâ ]cnWX^eamb acWhpw a\pjy\pta ]Xn¨ncn¡p¶p ( 1 sImdn 15:22, tdma 15:12).

2.2. a\pjycminbpsS ]m]hntamN\w

Bcpw \in¨pt]mIp¶Xn\v IÀ¯mhv CÑn¡p¶nà (2 ]t{Xmkv 3:9).

]m]¯nsâ in£bmb acW¯n \n¶v a\pjycmin c£s¸SWsa¶Xn\memWv ssZhw Xsâ ]p{X\mb tbip {InkvXphnsâ acW¯nepw DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â]nepw Bß_ensb A´À‘hn¸n¨psIm­v Hcp ]m]hntamN\ ]²Xn BhnjvIcn¨Xv (tbml 3:16). acW¯n \n¶pÅ hnfshSp¸mWv DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â]v. XpSÀ¨bmbpÅ Cu hnfshSp¸nsâ BZys¯ ^eamWv {InkvXp (1 sImdn 15:20). Cu ]m]hntamN\ ]²Xn ss__nfnse hmÀjnI hn{ia Zn\§sf¡pdn¨pÅ hnhcW§fn {]Xn^en¨p ImWmw (tehy 23).

2.3 ss__nÄ {]tNmZnXamb kXysa¶ \nebnÂ

{InkvXp ]dªp: a\pjy³ A¸w sIm­p am{XaÃ, ssZh¯nsâ hmbn¡qSn hcp¶ kIe hN\w sIm­pw Pohn¡p¶p F¶v FgpXnbncn¡p¶p (a¯mbn 4:4, eqt¡m 4:4). ss__nÄ kXythZ{KÙsa¶ \nebn Adnbs¸Sp¶p (Zm\n 10:21). a\pjy kapZmb¯nsâ ]m]hntamN\amWv AXnsâ e£yw. ssZh¯nsâ kÀh{X {]ISamb iànbnte¡mWv AXv Nq­p¶Xv (DZm:9:16, tdma 9:17). tamN\¯nte¡pÅ am[yaamWv tbip {InkvXp (tdma 10:11). tami XpS§nb kIe {]hmNI³·mcpw FÃm Xncpshgp¯pIfpw Ahs\¸än {]hNn¨n«p­v (eqt¡m 24:27), AhcpsS {]hN\§Ä Xs¶bmWv kXythZw (a¯mbn 26:56, tdma 1:2). FÃm Xncpshgp¯pw ssZht{]màambXn\m ssZh¯nsâ a\pjy³ FÃm k {]hr¯nIÄ¡pw Ignhp t\Sn FÃmw XnIªh³ BtI­Xn\mbn D]tZi¯n\pw imk\¯n\pw ip²oIcW¯n\pw \oXnbnse A`ymk¯n\pw FÃm \à IÀ¯hy§Ä¡pw  {]tbmP\apÅh\mIp¶p (2 Xntam 3:16).

{InkvXphntâbpw At¸mkvXe·mcptSbpw Ime¯pÅ Xncpshgp¯pIÄ ]gb \nbaw Bbncp¶p (a¯mbn 21:24, amÀt¡m 12:10, At¸mkvXe 17:22). ]gb \nbas¯bmWv 2 Xnsam¯ntbmkv 3:16þ ssZh\nizmknXamb Xncpshgp¯v F¶v ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅXv. ]gb \nbat¯mSv Iq«nt¨À¯n«pÅXmWv ]pXnb \nbaw. AÃmsX AXv ]gb \nba¯n\v ]IcapÅXÃ.

\ap¡v amÀKZÀiIamIm³ th­n BZy Imet¯ FgpXnbXmWv ]gb \nbaw. Ah \ap¡v Xncpshgp¯pIfm DfhmIp¶ ØncXbmepw Bizmk¯mepw {]Xymi D­mIp¶Xn\p th­n FgpXs¸«ncn¡p¶p (tdma 15:4). Xncpshgp¯pIÄ icn¡v AdnbmbvI sIm­v a\pjy\v sXäpIÄ ]än (a¯mbn 22:29, amÀt¡m 12:24). s_tcmh¡mÀ Xncpshgp¯pIÄ icnXs¶tbm F¶v Zn\w{]Xn ]cntim[n¨p (At¸mkvX 17:11). Xncpshgp¯pIfpsS FÃm `mK§fn \n¶pw Hmtcm [mcWIfpw hmNI§fpw ta¡pta h¨mWv ss__nfnsâ ]qÀWNn{Xw D­m¡nbn«pÅXv (sbi¿ 28:10). aninl Asæn {InkvXphmWv tbipsh¶v Xncpshgp¯pIÄ hyàam¡p¶p (At¸mkvX 18:28). ]cnip²mßmhp hgn {InkvXphmWv At¸mkvXe·mÀ sXm«v sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpsS a\Êp Xpd¶v XncphN\§Ä AhÀ¡v a\Ênem¡pamdm¡nbXv (eqt¡m 24:45).

]gb \nba¯nse XncphN\§Ä ]qÀ¯oIcn¡pI Xs¶ thWw (a¯m 26:54, 56, amÀt¡m 12:10, 14:49). AXn\v amäw h¶pIqSm. (tbml 10:35). AXn ]dbp¶sXÃmw {InkvXphn ]qÀ¯oIcn¡s¸«tXm, {InkvXphnsâ c­mw hchn ]qÀ¯oIcn¡s¸tS­tXm Bb Imcy§fmWv (shfn]mSv 1:7, 12:10, 17:14, 19:11þ21). B c­mw hchn a\pjy ]p{X³ A[nImct¯mSpw tXPtÊmSpw IqSn hnf§pw (a¯m 24:30)

2.4 ]Ým¯m]hpw am\km´chpw

a\pjykapZmb¯n\v \ne\n¡m³, a\pjy³ \nXyamb PohnXw D­mIm³ Ah³ ]Ým¯]n¡Wsa¶v ssZhw Bhiys¸Sp¶p. ]Ým¯]n¡p¶nsæn a\pjy³ \in¨pt]mIpw (eqt¡m 13:3,5).

a\pjys\ ]Ým¯m]¯n\v Blzm\w sN¿m\mWv {InkvXphns\ `qanbnte¡b¨Xv (eqt¡m 11:32). kv\m]Itbml¶ms\ XShnem¡s¸«tijamWv {InkvXp Xsâ ip{iqj XpS§nbXv (a¯m 4:12). F Un 28þam­nse s]klbv¡p tijw Ipd¨p \mÄ IgnªmWv tbml¶m³ PbneneSbv¡s¸Sp¶Xv (tbml 3:22þ24, 4:12). Xos_dnbkv ssIkdpsS hmgvNbpsS ]Xn\©mw hÀj¯n tbml¶m³ ip{iqj Bcw‘n¨Xn\p tijapÅ s]klm BWv AXv (eqt¡m 3:1). A¶p apX tbip “kzÀKcmPyw kao]n¨ncn¡bm am\km´cs¸Sphn³”F¶p {]kwKn¨p XpS§n (a¯m 4:17). am\km´c¯nsâ kphntijw P\§sf DZvt_m[n¸n¡m³ {InkvXp Xsâ injysc \ntbmKn¨p. AXn\mbn Ah³ AhÀ¡v ]nimNnsâ Asæn Ahnip²mßm¡fpsS ta A[nImcw \ÂIn (amÀt¡m 6:7, eqt¡m 10:1, 17:20).

]m]s¯ (Asæn ZuÀ_eys¯) ]pd¯p Ifbp¶Xn\pÅ {ia¯nsâ {]mcw‘w F¶ \nebv¡mWv ]Ým¯m]w D]tZin¡s¸«Xv (At¸m 8:22). am\km´cs¸Sp¶tXmsS IÀ¯mhnsâ apJ¯p \n¶v BizmkIme§Ä hcnIbpw \ap¡mbn ap³ \nÝbn¡s¸« {InkvXphmb tbiphns\ Ah³ Ab¡pIbpw sNbvXp.

AdnhnÃmbvabpsS Ime§sf e£yam¡msX ssZhw {InkvXphn\v tijw Ct¸mÄ FÃmbnS¯pw FÃmhcpw am\km´cs¸SWsa¶v a\pjyt\mSv IÂ]n¡p¶p. AhÀ¡v Hcp hn[n Znhkw \nÝbn¡pIbpw sNbnXncn¡p¶p (At¸m 17:30). am\km´cw A\yaX hnkzmknIsf¡qSn _m[n¡p¶XmIp¶p (At¸m 15:3 IqSn ImWpI).

am\km´c¯n\p hnt[b\mIpIbpw ssZh¯nte¡v XncnbpIbpw sN¿p¶ hyàn, ]n¶oSv B am\km´c¯n\v A\ptbmPyamb IÀ½§Ä Xs¶ XoÀ¨bmbpw A\pjvTn¡Ww (At¸m 26:20).

Fs^tkmknse k`tbmSv ‘GXn \n¶v \o h¶ncn¡p¶p F¶pw GXn \n¶v hoWncn¡p¶p F¶pw HmÀ¯v am\km´cs¸«v BZys¯ {]hr¯nIÄ Xs¶ ho­pw sN¿m³’Blzm\w sNbvXp (shfn 2:5). AXpt]mse s]ÀKsamknse k`tbbpw am\km´¯n\v Blzm\w sNbvXp (shfn 2:16). XpbssYcbnse k‘bpsS Imcy¯nepw CXp Xs¶ kw‘hn¨p (shfn 2:21þ22). kÀ±nknse k‘tbmSpw am\km´cs¸Sphm³ Bhiys¸«p. am\km´cs¸SmXncp¶m {InkvXp cm{Xnbn IÅs\t¸mse AhcpsS tase hcpsa¶pw GXv kab¯v hcpsa¶v AhÀ AdnbpIbnsöpw hyàam¡s¸«p (shfn 3:3). X\n¡p {]nbapÅhsc tbip imkn¡pIbpw in£n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. Pm{KXbpÅhcmbncn¡m\pw am\km´cs¸Sm\pw tbip AhtcmSv (ethmUojytcmSv) Bhiys¸«p (shfn 3:19). am\km´cw C{]Imcw ssZh¯nsâ FÃm k‘Ifnepw XpSÀ¶p hcp¶p. AXv FÃmhcptSbpw D¯chmZnXzamIp¶p (bmt¡m 5:19þ20).

2.5 Úm\kv\m\w

kzÀK¯nepw `qanbnepw DÅ kÀh A[nImc§fpw DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â]n\p tijw {InkvXphn\p \ÂIs¸«p (a¯m 28:18). ]nXmhntâbpw ]p{Xtâbpw ]cnip²mßmhntâbpw \ma¯n kv\m\w Ign¸n¨pw Xm³ IÂ]n¨ t]mse {]hÀ¯n¡m³ X¡h®w D]tZin¨pw kIe PmXnItfbpw injycm¡ns¡mÅm³ {InkvXp Xsâ injytcmSv BÚm]n¨p (a¯m 28:19). A§s\ temImhkm\t¯mfw {InkvXp AhtcmSp IqSn D­mbncn¡pw (a¯m 28:20).

am\km´cs¯ XpSÀ¶v Úm\kv\m\w sN¿Ww. F¦n am{Xta ]cnip²mßmhv F¶ Zm\w In«pIbpÅq (At¸m 2:38). ]Ým¯]n¡pIbpw Úm\kv\m\¯neqsS ]p\ÀP\n¡pIbpw sN¿msX \n§Ä¡v ]cnip²mßmhns\ e‘n¡pIbnÃ. ]p{X\mbn P\n¨nsæn \n§Ä¡v ssZhcmPy¯n {]thi\ap­mInà (tbml 3:3, 5). Úm\kv\m\¯n\pw ]cnip²mßmhns\ kzoIcn¡p¶Xp\papÅ ap³ D]m[nbmIp¶p am\km´cw. AXn\m inip¡sf Úm\kv\m\w sN¿n¡pI F¶Xv ss__nfn\v hncp²amIbm hÀPn¡s¸tS­XmIp¶p. am\km´c¯n\v ap³ D]m[n F¶ \nebn Øm]Itbml¶msâ ZuXy¯n\v Du¶Â \ÂIs¸«ncn¡p¶p (amÀt¡m 1:4, 8). {InkvXp P\§sf ]cnip²mßmhp sIm­pw Xo sIm­pw kv\m\w Ign¸n¡psa¶pw ]Xncv (am\km´cs¸Sm¯hÀ) sISm¯ Xobn C«v Np«p Ifbpsa¶pw kv\m]Itbml¶m³ {]kvXmhn¨p (eqt¡m 3:16þ17). ssZh¯nsâ BÚ{]ImcamWv ]cnip²mßmhns\ HcmÄ¡v \ÂIs¸Sp¶Xv. ssIIÄ \o«n¸nSn¨v At]£n¡pt¼mÄ ]cnip²mßmhv hyànbn {]thin¡p¶p. Hmtcm hyàntbbpw ssIImcyw sN¿p¶Xn kv\m\IÀ½¯n\p ap¼p apX¡p Xs¶ ]cnip²mßmhv {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p­v. sXcsªSp¡s¸«hsc {InkvXp hgn Bßmhv ssZh¯nte¡v ASp¸n¡p¶p (F{_ 7:25). kv\m\IÀ½t¯msS Bßmsh¶ BZy Zm\w a\pjy\v \ÂIs¸Sp¶p. tdmaÀ 8:23 hyàambn ]dbs¸«Xp t]mse icoc¯nsâ hos­Sp¸p­mIp¶Xp hsc Bßmhnsâ Zm\w \ap¡v e`n¡pIbnÃ. A§s\ \mw ]pXpXmbn P\n¡s¸SpIbpw ssZh¯nsâ alXz¯n F¯s¸Sp¶Xphsc Zn\w{]Xn Bßmhv hfcpIbpw sN¿p¶p.

kv\m\IÀ½s¯ XpSÀ¶pÅ ]cnip²mßmhnsâ Zm\w Ahsâ {]hmNIcm hmKvZm\w sNbvX t]mse ‘c£bpsS DdhpIfn \n¶pÅ shÅamIp¶p’(tbi¿ 12:3). Cu ]ncip²mßmhnsâ shÅw sbi¿mhp 44:3þ ssZhw \ÂInb hmKvZm\ambn tcJs¸Sp¯nbXp Xs¶bmWv. PohPe¯nsâ Ddh ssZhw Xs¶bmWv (bnsc 2:13, 17:13, skJ¿mhp 14:8). CXv PohPe¯nsâ \ZnbmIp¶p (shfn 22:1). {InkvXp, Bßmhnt\mSp kwkmcn¡th (tbml 7:39) X¶n \n¶v PohPew HgpIp¶Xmbn ]dªp (tbml 4:10þ14, 7:38, eqt¡m 21:3, 55:1, 58:11, sbsl 47:1). PohPew Asæn ]cnip²mßmhnsâ Pew sIm­v C{ktbens\ Bßobambn \nÀ½ecm¡nbncn¡p¶psh¶v sbslkvtI 36:25þ ]dbp¶p. sXcsªSp¡s¸«h³ Cu PohPew kuP\yambn D]tbmKn¡p¶p. (shfn 22:17)

 

A[ymbw 3

am\pjnIamb D¯chmZnXz§Ä \nÀ®bn¡p¶ kn²m´§Ä

3.1 {]mÀ°\bpw Bcm[\bpw

3.1.1. ssZhw {]mÀ°\bptSbpw Bcm[\bptSbpw ]m{Xsa¶ \nebnÂ

3.1.1.1. Bcm[\m ]m{Xw

sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpsS {]mYanI \ne]mSpw apJy ASbmfhpw XnIª GIssZh hnizmkamWv. \½Ä btlmhsb AÃsX asämcp ssZht¯bpw Bcm[n¡p¶nÃ. (]pd 34:14; 11:16). AÃm¯ ]£w \½Ä

\in¸n¡s¸Spw (BhÀ 30:17þ18). ssZhw \ÂInb H¶mas¯ IÂ]\:

ASnaXz¯nsâ \mSmb CuPn]vXn \n¶v \ns¶ sIm­ph¶ btlmhbmb Rm³ \nsâ ssZhamIp¶p. Rm\ÃmsX A\y ssZhw (ssZh§Ä) \n\¡p­mIcpXv (]pd 25:2).

\mw \½psS ssZhamb btlmhsb kvt\ln¡pIbpw ]qÀW lrZbt¯mSpw ]qÀW a\tÊmSpw IqSn Ahs\ tkhn¡pIbpw sN¿Ww. F¦n ImemIme§fn \ap¡v ag e‘n¡pIbpw hnfhpIfpw \m¡menIÄ¡p th­ ]pÃpw btYjvSw D­mIpIbpw sN¿pw. \ap¡v kp`n£nXbp­mIpw (BhÀ 11:13þ15). ]t£ ssZhw \ap¡v Hcp ]pXnb \ymb{]amWw D­m¡pw. IÀ¯mhv Ahsâ \nbaw \½psS a\Ên Øm]n¡pIbpw Ah \½psS lrZb¯n FgpXpIbpw sN¿p¶p. Ah³ \½psS ssZhhpw \mw Ahsâ tkhIcpamIp¶p. \mw Ahs\ Bcm[n¡pIbpw Ahsâ \nba§Ä PohnX¯n ]men¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (F{_m 8:10þ13)

\½psS ssZhamb btlmhbv¡v ap¶n \mw \akvIcn¡pI (BhÀ 26:10, 1 imapth 1:3, 15:25). ]nXmhmb ssZhw Xs¶bmWv Cu GI kXy ssZhw. ]nXmhns\bpw Ahs³d ]p{X³ tbiphnt\bpw AdnbpI F¶XmWv \nXyPohnX¯n\pÅ \½psS A¨mcw (tbml 17:3). \mw btlmhbv¡v Ahsâ \ma¯n alXzw sImSp¡pIbpw hnip²me¦mcw [cn¨v btlmhsb \akvIcn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (k¦o 29:2, 96:9). kÀh `qanbpw Ahs\ \akvIcn¡pIbpw Ahsâ \ma¯n\v IoÀ¯\w ]mSpIbpw sN¿p¶p (k¦o 66:4). CXv XoÀ¨bmbpw kw‘hn¡m³ t]mIp¶ Hcp {]hN\amWv. Ah³ krjvSn¨ `qanbnse FÃm cmjv{S§fpw \Sp§ns¡m­v Ahsâ ap¶n hµn¡pw (k¦o 96:9). Ah³ am{XamWv ssZhw F¶Xn\m AhÀ Ahsâ \mas¯ alXzs¸Sp¯pw (k¦o 86:9þ10). Ah³ \½psS ssZhhpw \½Ä Ahsâ BSpIfpw BIp¶p (k¦o 95:6þ7). Ah³ ]cnip²\mIp¶p (k¦o 99:5þ9). \½Ä Bsc hµn¡p¶p F¶Xns\¡pdn¨pÅ Adnhv c­v ASbmf§fneqsSbmWv {]ISamIp¶Xv. B c­v ASbmf§Ä:  Cu ASbmf§fpw ssZhkzcq]s¯¡pdn¨pÅ Adnhpw tbmPn¸n¨p sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ X§fpsS ]cn[n a\Ênem¡p¶p.

im_¯v: (]pd¸mSv 20:8, 10, 11; BhÀ¯\w 5:12þ \n¶v). im_¯v \ap¡pw \s½ hnip²oIcn¡p¶ btlmhbv¡pw at[ybpÅ Hcp ASbmfamIp¶p (]pd¸mSv 3:12þ14).

s]klm:s]klm Hcp ASbmftam ap{Ztbm BIp¶p. þ ]pd¸mSv 13:9, 16 A\pkcn¨v ]pfn¡m¯ A¸¯nsâ s]cp¶mÄ AS¡apÅ s]klm ssZh¯nsâ \nba¯nsâbpw (BhÀ 6:8) C{ktben hos­Sp¸ntâbpw (BhÀ 6:10) ASbmfamIp¶p. ]pXnb \nba{]Imcw CXv

{InkvXphns\ {]m]n¡p¶ FÃmhtcbpw DÄs¡mÅp¶p (tdma 9:6, 11:25þ26).

im_¯v, s]klm F¶o ssZh \nba¯nsâ ASbmf§Ä {]tXyIn¨pw hn{Klmcm[\bvs¡XnscbpÅ ap³IcpXemWv (BhÀ 11:16).

Cu c­v ASbmf§Ä ssZh¯nsâ sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpsS ssIbnepw s\änbnepw ap{ZnXambn«p­mIpw. shfn]mSv 7:3. A{]Imcw C§s\ ap{ZtbähÀ 144000. _m¡nbpÅhsc hnip² Zn\§fnte¡v \bn¡p¶Xv AhcmIp¶p.

{InkvXp ]dªp:\nsâ ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns\ \akvIcn¨v Ahs\ am{Xw Bcm[n¡pI (Asæn tkhn¡pI) (a¯m 4:10, eqt¡m 4:8). AXn\m tkh\w F¶v ss__nfnsâ hnh£bn Bcm[\bmWv.

ssZhs¯ a\pjysâ ho£W¯n Bcm[n¡p¶Xv \ncÀ°IamWv (a¯m 15:8þ9). ImcWw a\pjy³ Bßmhnepw kXy¯nepw Xs¶ Bcm[n¡Wsa¶mWv ]nXmhmb ssZhw B{Kln¡p¶Xv (tbml 4:21þ24). bYmÀ° ]cntOZ\¡mcmb \mw ssZhs¯ Bßmhn Bcm[n¡pIbpw tbip {InkvXphn {]iwkn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (^nen¸obÀ 3:3). aq¸·mcpsS k`bnse tbip {InkvXp AS¡w FÃmhcpw FÃm¯nt\bpw krjvSn¡pIbpw \ne\nÀ¯pIbpw sN¿p¶ ssZhs¯ \akvIcn¨p. (shfn 4:10). \nba¯neqsSbpw shfn]mSpsIm­pw {InkvXp \ÂInb BÚb\pkcn¨v \mw ssZhs¯ Bcm[n¡p¶p (shfn 22:9)

3.1.1.2 {]mÀ°\m ]m{Xw

a\pjy³ btlmhbmb ssZht¯mSv {]mÀ°n¡pIbpw (k¦o 39:12, 54:2) Ah³ AXv tIÄ¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. \n§Ä hnizmk]qÀhw {]mÀ°\bn F´v A`yÀ°n¨mepw \n§Ä¡v AXp e‘n¡pw (a¯m 21:22). ]nXmhmb ssZht¯mSpÅ {]mÀ°\bpsS Imcy¯n {InkvXp a\pjy hÀK¯n\v amXrIbmIp¶p (eqt¡m 6:12). F§s\ {]mÀ°n¡Wsa¶Xnsâ amXrI, {]mÀ°\bpsS LS\bpsS Hcp cq]tcJ Xs¶ {InkvXp \ÂInbn«p­v. (eqt¡m 11:2þ4).

sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcptSbpw ip{iqjI·mcptSbpw {]mYanI e£yw {]mÀ°\bpw hN\ ip{iqjbpamIp¶p (At¸m 6:4). hnip²cpsS {]mÀ°\IÄ¡v taÂt\m«w hln¡p¶Xn\v D¯chmZn¯w aq¸·mcpsS kwL¯n\v \ÂIs¸«ncn¡p¶p (shfn 5:8).

3.1.1.3. aäpÅhÀ¡p th­n Häbv¡pw Iq«mbpw DÅ {]mÀ°\

Hcp a\tÊmSp IqsSbpÅ Iq«mb {]mÀ°\bv¡v At¸mkvXe·mÀ Xs¶ DZmlcWamWv (At¸m 1:14). k` apgph³ Cu amXrI kzoIcn¨ncn¡p¶p (At¸m 12:5).

{]mÀ°\ k`bv¡p th­n am{XapÅXÃ. lrZbhmRvObps­¦nepw ssZhs¯¡pdn¨v ]cnÚm\anÃm¯hÀ¡pw ssZh¯nsâ \oXn¡v Iogvs¸Sm¯hÀ¡pw IqSnbmWv AXv. hnizkn¡p¶ BÀ¡pw \oXn e`n¡m³ {InkvXp \ymb{]amW¯nsâ Ahkm\amIp¶p (tdmaÀ 10:1þ4)

{]mÀ°\ \ap¡v XpWbmIp¶p. ]e {]mÀ°\IfpsS ^eambn e`n¡p¶ A\p{Kl¯n\pw ]e {]mÀ°\Ifm \mw \µn {]ISn¸n¡Ww

(2 sImdn 1:11). {]mÀ°\ Bßmhnembncn¡Ww (Fs^ 6:18). Bßmhv {]mÀ°\sb kq£n¡p¶p (sImsem 4:2þ4) kXy¯nepw \ymb¯nepw Dd¨p \n¡p¶Xn\pÅ Ignhp­mIm³ {]mÀ°\ klmbn¡p¶p (Fs^ 6:14).

\Ãh\mb Hcp hyànbpsS {]mÀ°\ ^e¯n hfsc iànbpÅXmIp¶p. hnizmkt¯mSp IqSnb {]mÀ°\ tcmKnsb kpJs¸Sp¯pw;]m]w sNbvXn«pÅh\v am¸p In«pw. AXpsIm­v \mw ]ckv]cw \½psS ]m]§Ä Gäp]dbpIbpw tcmKim´n hcp¶Xn\v Hmtcmcp¯cpw aäpÅhÀ¡pth­n {]mÀ°n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (bmt¡m_v 5:15þ18).

3.2 ]m]tamN\hpw hnip² \nbahpw X½nepÅ _Ôw

3.2.1 ssZhw \½psS ]mdbmIp¶p.

ssZhw \½psS ]mdbpw iànbpw c£I\pw BIp¶p. Ahs\ \mw icWw {]m]n¡p¶p (k¦o 18:1þ21). \mw Ah\n hnizmkaÀ¸n¨ncn¡p¶p. \½Ä Ahs\ ‘bs¸Sp¶nà (sbi 12:2). P\§Ä¡v ]m]tamN\¯nsâ ]cnPvRm\w sImSp¡pI F¶XmWv {InkvXphnsâbpw {]hmNI·mcptSbpw ZuXyw. (eqt¡m 1:77). Cu ]cnÚm\w k‘bpsS Imcy¯n IqSn _m[IamWv. AhnsS hnip²·mÀ {InkvXphnsâ ip{iqj¡mcpw ssZhclky§fpsS KrlhnNmcI·mcpw BIp¶p (1 sImdn 4:1). c£ PqX·mcpsS CSbn \n¶mWv hcp¶Xv (tbml 4:22). F¶m {InkvXphn AXv ssZhs¯ Bßmhnepw kXy¯nepw \akvIcn¡p¶hÀ¡pw _m[IamWv (tbml 4:23-24).c£ asämcp Xc¯nepanÃ;\mw c£n¡s¸Sphm³ BImi¯n³ Iogn a\pjycpsS CSbn \ÂIs¸«p. thsdmcp \mahpw Cà (At¸m 4;12). C{]Imcw hnizkn¡p¶ Gh\pw BZyw PqXÀ¡pw ]n¶oSv bh\À¡pw kphntij c£bv¡pÅ ssZhiànbmIp¶p. kphntij¯n ssZh¯nsâ \oXn hnizmkw tlXphmbmepw hnizmk¯n\mbns¡m­pw shfns¸Sp¶p. \oXnam³ hnizmk¯m Pohn¡pw (tdma 1:14þ17). ssZhw a\pjys\ tIm]¯n\Ã, tbip{InkvXp aqew c£{]m]n¡p¶Xn\mWv hn[n¨ncn¡p¶Xv (1 sXÊ 5:9).

ssZhs¯¡pdn¨pÅ Adnhv ssZhoIamb ZpxJ¯ntebv¡v \bn¡pw.  ssZh¯n³ {]ImcapÅ ZpxJw am\km´cap­m¡pIbpw AXv c£bnte¡v \bn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (2 sImdn 7:10). C{]Imcw kphntij kXyhN\amIpIbpw \½psS am\km´cw ]cnip²mßmhn\m ap{Zbn«ncn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (Fs^ 1:13). ]m]hntamN\w e`n¡p¶Xv Xncpshgp¯pIfn \n¶mWv. Xncpshgp¯pIÄ ssZh\nizknX§fmIbm tbip{InkvXphnepÅ hnizmk¯m c£bv¡v Úm\nbmIm³ Ah ]men¡p¶p (2 Xntam 3:15þ16). ssZh¯nsâ ]p{Xs\¦nepw Xm³ A\p`hn¨ IjvS§fm Ah³ A\pkcWw ]Tn¨p. A§s\ k¼qÀW\mb Ah³ Xs¶ A\pkcn¡p¶ GhÀ¡pw \nXyc£bpsS ImcW‘qX\mbn¯oÀ¶p (F{_ 5:8þ9).

C{]Imcw {InkvXp Hcn¡Â At\IcpsS ]m]§sf Npa¡m³ AÀ¸nX\mbn. ]m]s¯ ssIImcyw sN¿m\ÃmsX, Xs¶ Im¯p\n¡p¶hcpsS c£bv¡mbn Ah³ c­maXpw {]Xy£\mIpw (F{_ 9:28). At¸mÄ c£ FÃmhÀ¡pw s]mXphmbn ssIhcp¶p. AXv FÃmhÀ¡pambn hnip²sc `ctaÂ]n¨ncn¡p¶p (bqZm 3). ssZhw {InkvXphn\p \ÂIpIbpw Ah³ tbml¶m\p ssIamdpIbpw sNbvX shfn]mSn\p tijw asämcp shfn]mSpanÃ. a\pjy kapZmb¯nsâ tamN\¯n\p th­sXÃmw ss__nfn AS¡w sNbvXncn¡p¶p. c£bpw iàbpw alXzhpsaÃmw ssZh¯nsâ BIp¶p. Ah³ AXv Xsâ tkhIÀ¡mbn {InkvXphneqsS shfns¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p. AXn BÀ¡pw amäw hcp¯mhp¶Xà (shfn 22:18þ19).

hnip²cpsS Ahkm\s¯ ap{ZbnS ]cnip²mßmhn\memIp¶p. ss__nfn ]gb \nba¯n \ymb{]amWw shfns¸Sp¯Â sXm«pÅ ssZh\nba§fpsS shfns¸Sp¯ens\ ASnØm\am¡nbmWXv.

hmKvZm\¯nsâ ssZhZqX³ F¶ \nebnemWv {InkvXp kn\mbn h¨v \ymb{]amWw \ÂIp¶Xv At±lw ]dªp:

BImihpw `qanbpw Hgnªpt]mIpw hsc kIehpw \nhr¯nbmIpthmfw \ymb{]amW¯n \n¶v Hcp hÅn ]pÅn t]mepw Hgnªpt]mIp¶nÃ. AXn\m Cu Gähpw sNdnb IÂ]\Ifn H¶v Agn¡pIbpw a\pjys\ A§s\ ]Tn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶h³ kzÀKcmPy¯n Gähpw sNdnbh³ F¶p hnfn¡s¸Spw; F¶m Ahsb BNcn¡pIbpw ]Tn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ht\m kzÀKcmPy¯n Gähpw henbh³ F¶p hnfn¡s¸Spw (a¯m 5:18þ19).

{InkvXp HcpXc¯nepw \ymb{]amWs¯ Ipd¨pImWn¨n«nÃ. At±lw \ymb{]amWw DbÀ¯n¸nSn¡pIbpw AXpt]mse Pohn¡m³ P\§tfmSv Bhiys¸SpIbpw sNbvXp. \yb{]amW¯nsâbpw {]hmNI³amcptSbpw Imew tbml¶m³ hsc Bbncp¶p. A¶p apX ssZhcmPys¯ {]tLmjn¨p hcp¶p; FÃmhcpw _em¡mtcW AXn {]thin¡m³ t\m¡p¶p (eqt¡m 16:16).

]t£ \ymb{]amW¯n \n¶v Hcp ]pÅn hoWp t]mIp¶Xnt\¡mÄ BImihpw `qanbpw Hgnªpt]mIp¶Xn\mWv Ffp¸w (eqt¡m 16:16þ17).

tamibneqsSbmWv \ymb{]amWw \ÂIs¸«Xv. F¶n«pw AXv BNcn¡s¸«nà (tbml 7:19). \ymb{]amWw CÃmsX ]m]w sN¿p¶hÀ \ymb{]amWw IqSmsX \in¨pt]mIpw. \ymb{]amWw D­mbn«v ]m]w sN¿p¶hÀ \ymb{]amW¯m hn[n¡s¸Spw. (tdmaÀ 2:12). ImcWw ]m]w F¶Xv \nbacmlnXytam \nbaewL\tam BIp¶p (1 tbml 3:4). a\Ênsâ hnaeoIcWhpw \ymb{]amW¯nsâ hn[nIÄ ]men¡epamWv tNemIÀ½¯nsâ ASnØm\w. \ymb{]amWw ]men¡p¶h³ lrZb¯nsâ tNemIÀ½w A\pjvTn¨h\mIp¶p. F¶m tNemIÀ½w sN¿pIbpw \ymb{]amWw ]men¡mXncn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶h³ AhnizmknbmIp¶p. PqX·mcmbncn¡pIbpw \ymb{]amWw lrZb]qÀhw ]men¡pIbpw sN¿p¶hÀ B´cnIambn¯s¶ PqX·mcmbncn¡pw. F¶m PqX·msc¶p ]dbpIbpw hmkvXh¯n A§s\ AÃmXncn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶hÀ A[nt£]¯n\v AÀl\mIp¶p (shfn 8:9).

AhÀ hnip²cpsS ap¶n \akvIcn¡m³ \nÀ_ÔnXcmIpw.

\ymb{]amWw hnip²amIp¶p. IÂ]\IÄ hnip²hpw \oXnbpw \·bpw DÄs¡m­hbpamIp¶p (tdma 7:12). AXn\m \ymb{]amWw acWImcWamIp¶nÃ. ]t£ \ymb{]amW¯nsâ ewL\amb ]m]w a\pjy\pÅnencp¶psIm­v {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p (tdmaÀ 7:13).

\ymb{]amWw BßobamsW¦nepw a\pjy³ PUab\pw ]m]¯n\p Zmk\mbn hn¡s¸Sp¶h\pw BIp¶p (tdmaÀ 7:14). ]qÀWambpw am\km´cs¸« a\pjy³ DÅw sIm­v ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amW¯n ckn¡p¶p (]n Fkv 119:1 F^v F^v, tdmaÀ 7:22). ImcWw \ymb{]amWw AXnsâ Ahkm\ambn {InkvXphnte¡mWv a\pjys\ \bn¡p¶Xv (tdma 10:4). Bßmhns\ A\pkcn¨p \S¡p¶h³ \ymb{]amW¯n³ Iogn \n¶pw apà\mIp¶p (Kem 5:18). F¶m AXv \nbas¯ Dt]£n¡p¶XpsIm­Ã. \ymb{]amWw AhcpsS DÅnem¡n AhcpsS CÑbnepsSbpw IÀ½§fneqsSbpw AXns\ {]Xn^en¸n¡pw. \ymb{]amWw \½psS {]IrX¯n Xs¶ DÄt¨À¶ncn¡pw (F{_m 8:10þ13). ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amWs¯ {]hr¯nbmeà hnizmk¯nemWv A\pKant¡­Xv (tdma 9:32). ssZh¯nsâ IÂ]\IÄ A\pkcnt¡­Xv ]cnip²mßmhns\ \½n \nc´cw \ne\nÀ¯m³ Ahiyw th­ Hcp D]m[nbmIp¶p (1 tbml 3:24, At¸m 5:32). AXn\m \ymb{]amWw A\pkcn¡msX Hcp {InkvXym\nbmbncn¡m\pw ssZht¯bpw {InkvXphnt\bpw kvt\ln¡m\pw km[yaÃ. CXv \memw IÂ]\ F¶ \nebn im_¯v ]ment¡­Xpambn _Ôs¸«ncn¡p¶p.

3.2.2. ssZhIr]bmepÅ c£

FÃm a\pjycptSbpw c£bv¡mbn ssZhIr] {]Xy£ambncn¡p¶p. \mw `mKyIcamb {]Xymi¡mbn«pw almssZhhpw \½psS c£nXmhpamb tbip{InkvXphnsâ tXPÊnsâ {]Xy£Xbv¡mbn Im¯psIm­v aXhncp²ambXpw {]]©taml§fpw hÀPn¨n«v Cu temI¯n \oXntbmSpw ssZh`àntbmSpw IqSn Pohn¨p t]mtc­Xn\v AXp \s½ in£n¨p hfÀ¯p¶p (Xos¯mkv 2:11 amÀjensâ BÀ Fkv hn CâÀ\mjW {Ko¡vþCw¥ojv ]pXnb \nbaw ImWpI). AXmbXv \½psS c£I\mb almssZh¯nsâ alXz¯nsâ {]Xy£s¸SemWv {InkvXp (Xns¯mkv 2:10) tbip{InkvXphnsâ {]hÀ¯\§fpsS Hcp ^ew Ir]bmIp¶p.

A´yIme¯n shfns¸Sphm³ Hcp§nbncn¡p¶ hnizmk¯neqsS e`n¡p¶ ssZhoIiIvXnbneqsSbpÅ c£bm k` ]cn]men¡s¸Sp¶p (1 ]t{Xmkv 1:5). hnizmk¯nsâ ]cnWX^ew Bßmhnsâ c£bmIp¶p. Cu c£sb ]än {]hmNI³ {]hNn¨n«p­v. F¶m AXnsâ kabs¯¡pdnt¨m, {InkvXphns\¡pdnt¨m Ahsâ IjvS§sfbpw ]n³hcp¶ alnatbbpw Ipdnt¨m AhÀ¡v At¸mÄ AdnhnÃmbncp¶p (1 ]t{Xm 1:9þ10).

BZaneqsS ]m]w Cu temI¯n {]thin¨p. BZ¯n \n¶v tami hsc ]m]¯ns³d hmgv¨bp­mbn hym]n¨p. acWw ]m]¯nsâ ^eambncp¶p (tdma 5:12). tamibv¡v \ymb{]amWw \ÂIs¸Sp¶Xn\p ap¼v ]m]w \ne\n¶ncp¶p (tdma 15:13). \ymb{]amW¯nsâ {]XymLmX§Ä BZw apX¡p Xs¶ AdnhpÅXmbncp¶p. F¶m \ymb{]amWw \nehnenÃm¯Xn\m ]m]w IW¡nseSp¯ncp¶nÃ. ]m]¯n \n¶v a\pjys\ hos­Sp¡pIbpw \ymb{]amWw \nehn hcnIbpw sNbvXtXmsS ssZh¯nsâ Ir] hÀ[n¨p. \ymb{]amW¯n³ Ingn ]m]w hÀ[n¡p¶nS¯v ssZh¯nsâ Ir]bpw hÀ[n¨p (tdma 5:15þ21). GI a\pjysâ A\pkcW¯m ssZhIr]sIm­v At\IÀ \oXnam·mcmbn¯ocp¶p. ssZhIr] IÀ¯mhmb tbip {InkvXp apJm´ncw \oXnbm \nXyPoh³ ssIhcn¨v A`njnIvX\mb tbiphnt\msSm¸w hkn¡pw. (tdma 5:20þ21).

tbip {InkvXphnepÅhÀ¡v Hcp in£mhn[nbpw Cà (tdma 8:1). Bßmhns\ A\pkcn¨p \S¡p¶hcn \ymb{]amW¯nsâ \oXn ]qÀ¯nbmIp¶p (tdma 8:4).

Bßmhv AXnsâ Dt±iya\pkcn¨v a\Êns\ \bn¡p¶p (tdma 8:5). PUnIamb Nn´ ssZht¯mSpÅ i{XpXzamIp¶p. AXv ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amW¯n\v IogS§p¶nÃ; IogS§m³ IgnbpIbpanà (tdma 8:7). AYhm ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amWw ]men¡m³ hnk½Xn¡p¶XneqsSbmWv PU{]IrXnsb  ]cnhÀ¯\s¸Sm¯ a\Êns\ Xncn¨dnbp¶Xv.

tbiphns\ acn¨hcn \n¶v DbnÀ¸n¨hsâ Bßmhv {InkvXym\nIfn hkn¨psIm­v AhcpsS aÀXyicoc§tfbpw Pohn¸n¡p¶p. ssZh¯nsâ BßmhpsIm­v \bn¡s¸Sp¶hscÃmw Xs¶ ssZh¯nsâ Ir]mbm ssZh¯nsâ ]p{X·mcmIp¶p (tdma 8:14). \ymb{]amWw tami aptJ\ e‘n¨p; Ir]bpw kXyhpw tbip {InkvXp aptJ\ h¶p (tbml 1:17). \½psS ktlmZc\mb tbip {InkvXphn\p \ÂInb AtX ]p{XXzw {]ISn¸n¨psIm­p Xs¶ \mw Aºm, ]nXmth F¶p hnfn¨p hne]n¡p¶p (tdma 8:15).

tbip {InkvXphnepÅ hnizmk¯meÃmsX \ymb{]amW¯nsâ {]hÀ¯nIfm a\pjy³ \oXoIcn¡s¸Sp¶nà (Kem 2:16). ssZh ]p{X\nepÅ hnizmk¯nemWv AhÀ Pohn¡p¶Xv (Kem 2:20). \mw ssZh¯n\mbn Pohnt¡­Xn\p \ymb{]amW¯m hgn \ymb{]amW§fn acn¨p sIm­v (hnSpX t\Sns¡m­v) \mw ssZh¯n\mbpÅ PohnXw t\SnsbSp¡p¶p (Kem 2:19). \ymb{]amW¯m \mw \oXoIcn¡s¸Sp¶nsöXn\m \ymb{]amWw ]men¨psIm­v \mw ssZh¯nsâ Ir] hrYmhnem¡p¶nà (Kem 2:21). ]cnip²mßmhv \s½ \bn¡pIbpw \ymb{]amWw ssZh¯nsâ {]IrX¯n \n¶p Xs¶ ]pds¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶Xn\memWv \mw AXp ]men¡p¶Xv (2 ]t{Xm 1:4).

\ymb{]amWw sIm­Ã, tbip {InkvXphnsâ Ir] sIm­mWv \mw c£n¡s¸Sp¶Xv (At¸m 15:11). \½Ä \ymb{]amW¯neà ssZhIr]bv¡mWv A[o\À. AXn\m ]m]w \½n IÀXrXzw \S¯pIbnÃ. (tdma 6:14,15). \ymb{]amWw ewLn¨psIm­v \w ]m]w sN¿p¶nÃ. ImcWw \mw Ingvs¸Sp¶Xv ]m]¯n\Ã;ssZh¯n\pw \oXn¡pamWv (tdma 6:17þ18). IcpWmk¼¶\mb ssZhw AXn{Ia§fm acn¨hcmb \s½ {InkvXphnt\msSm¸w Pohn¸n¡p¶p (Fs^ 2:5). tbip {InkvXphn \s½¡pdn¨pÅ hmÕey¯n Xsâ Ir]bpsS AXy´[\s¯ hcpw Ime§fn {]ISamt¡­Xn\v tbip {InkvXphn Aht\mSp IqsS DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â]n¨v kzÀK¯n Ccp¯pIbpw sNbvXp (Fs^ 2:6þ7). ssZhIr] sIm­v hnizmk¯n \mw c£n¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. CXn\v Hcp hyànbpw ImcW¡mcÃ. AXv ssZh¯nsâ Zm\amWv (Fs^ 2:9). C{]Imcw ssZhIr]bm BßmhneqsS \mw \ymb{]amWs¯ ]men¡p¶p.

3.2.3. \ymb{]amW {]ImcapÅ _m[yXIÄ

\ymb{]amWw \nhÀ¯n¡pI F¶Xv a\pjy\v XpSÀ¶psImt­bncn¡p¶ _m[yXbmWv. \ymb{]amWw Akm[phmIpItbm AXn hÅn ]pÅn hyXymkw kw‘hn¡pItbm sN¿p¶nà (a¯m 5:18, eqt¡m 16:17). {InkvXphnsâ Ime¯v PqX·mÀ AXv ]men¨psIm­ncp¶nà (tbml 7:19). ]c¼cbmbn AXn amäw hcp¯n (a¯m 15:2þ3, 6; eqt¡m 7:3, 5, 8þ9, 13). AXns\ ZpÀhlamb Hcp `mctam \pItam B¡n A¡mes¯ PqX ]WvUnX·mÀ (k¦o 15:10).

ssZh¯nsâ IÂ]\IÄ A\pkcn¡s¸Sp¶Xn\p th­nbpÅ \nÀ_Ôw apIfn \n¶v Ct¸mgpw D­v. AXp XpSÀ¶psImt­bncn¡pw. a\pjysâ \ne\nÂ]nsâ Imew Ahkm\n¡pw hsc AXp CÃmXmbn t]mIpIbnÃ.

3.2.3.1 F´psIm­v {InkvXym\nIÄ \ymb{]amWw ]men¡p¶p?

{InkvXym\nIÄ \ymb{]amWw sIm­Ã, ssZhIr]bmemWv c£n¡s¸«ncn¡p¶Xv. ]ns¶ F´psIm­mWv AhÀ Hcp kn²m´sa¶ \nebn \ymb{]amWs¯ AwKoIcn¡pIbpw AXp ]men¡pIbpw sN¿p¶Xv?ImcWw:

ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amWw \nÀKfn¡p¶Xv Ahsâ {]IrX¯n Xs¶bpÅ \·bn \n¶mWv.

ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amWw ssZh¯nsâ kz`mh¯n \n¶p Xs¶ DÅXmIbm AXv F¡mehpw \ne\n¡pw. ImcWw ssZhw amäanÃm¯XmWv. amÀt¡mkv 10:18þ {InkvXp C§s\ ]dbp¶p: Fs¶ \Ãh³ F¶p ]dbp¶Xv F´psIm­v?ssZhw Hcph³ AÃmsX \Ãh³ BcpanÃ. Ft¶mSv \·sb¸än tNmZn¡p¶sX´n\v?\Ãh³ Hcp¯t\bpÅq. \nXyPoh\n IS¸m³ CÑn¡p¶psh¦n IÂ]\IsfA\pkcn¡pI (a¯m 19:17).”ssZh¯nsâ Ir] \ns¶ am\km´c¯nte¡v \bn¡p¶p (tdma 2:4). amäanÃm¯ \·bmWv ssZh¯nsâ kz`mhw. kzÀKZqX·mÀ ssZh¯nsâ {]IrX¯n `mK`m¡pIfmWv. AXn\m AhÀ Znhy {]IrXnbnepw \·bnepw ØncambpÅhcmWv.

Cu \nebn tbip{InkvXp C¶tebpw C¶pw Fs¶t¶¡pw A\\y³ Xs¶ (F{_ 13:8). sXcsªSp¡s¸«h³ ssZh{]IrXnbn `mK`m¡mbXn\m (2 ]t{Xmkv 1:4) ssZhoI ]utcmlnXy¯ntâbpw `mKamIp¶p. Ah³ Ft¶¡pw Ccn¡p¶Xn\m amäanÃm¯ ]utcmlnXyamIp¶p (F{_m 7:24). AXn\m Xm³ aptJ\ ssZht¯mSv ASp¡p¶hsc apgph³ c£n¡m³ {InkvXphn\p Ignbp¶p (F{_m 7:25) amÀjensâ {Ko¡vþCw¥ojv CâÀ eo\nbÀ). F¶m Ah³ Bcm[\bpsS ]m{Xtam hn[n\nb´mhmb ssZhtam AÃ.

ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amWs¯ ]n´pStc­Xv {]hr¯nbmeÃ, hnizmk¯memIp¶p (tdma 9:32). ssZhw \ap¡v ]pXnsbmcp DS¼Sn Xcpw. Ah³ Ahsâ \ymb{]amWw \½psS DÅnem¡n \½psS lrZb§fn FgpXpw. Ah³ \ap¡p ssZhhpw \½Ä Ahsâ P\hpamIp¶p. Ahsâ \ymb{]amWw DÄs¡m­psIm­v \½Ä Ahs\ Bcm[n¡p¶p (F{_ 8:10þ13). CXnsâ _mlye£W§sfm¶pw ImWpIbpanÃ. {InkvXym\nIfpw Bßob C{ktbensâ AwK§sf¶ \nebnepw \s½ ]cntÑZ\w sN¿p¶ \ap¡pÅnse ssZhoI IÂ]\Isf AXp \ne\nÀ¯p¶p. (1 sImdn 7:19). ssZh¯nsâ IÂ]\IÄ ]men¨psIm­v hymfnsb {]tIm]n¸n¡p¶hcmWhÀ. ChcmWv ssZhIÂ]\bpw tbiphnepÅ hnizmkhpw Im¡p¶ hnip²·mÀ. (shfn 14:12).

3.2.3.2 {InkvXym\nIÄ ssZh¯nsâ Bebsa¶ \nebnÂ

hnip²·mcmWv ssZh¯nsâ aµncw Aæ Bebw. ssZh¯nsâ Bßmhv Ahcn hkn¡p¶p. ssZh¯nsâ aµcnw \in¸n¡p¶hs\ ssZhw \in¸n¡pw. ssZh¯nsâ aµncw hnip²amWv;\½Ä Xs¶bmWv B aµncw (1 sImdn 3:16þ17). AXn\m ssZh¯nsâ Bebambncn¡pt¼mÄ tbmKyamb hn[w X§fpsS icocs¯ BtcmKyt¯msS ]cnc£nt¡­Xv {InkvXym\nIfpsS _m[yXbmIp¶p. Xm³ \½n hkn¡pIbpw \½psS CSbn \S¡pIbpw sN¿psa¶pw \mw Ahsâ P\hpw Ah³ \ap¡p ssZhhpw BIp¶psh¶pw ssZhw ]dªn«p­v. AXpsIm­v \mw hnip²cmbncn¡pIbpw aäpÅhcn \n¶v thÀs]«p\n¡pIbpw thWw. ssZhw \½psS ]nXmhpw \mw Ahsâ a¡fpw BIp¶p (2 sImdn 6:16þ18þ ]gb \nba¯nse ]e `mK§fpw D²cn¡p¶p; tehy 26:12, sbsl 37:27;sbi 11; 2 imap 7:14).

C¡mcW¯m {InkvXym\nIÄ AhnizmknItfmSv Ahnip²_Ôw IqScpXv (2 sImdn 6:14). AhÀ icoc¯ntebpw Bßmhntebpw kIe I·jhpw \o¡n ssZh`b¯n ]qÀWamb hnip²n ]men¡Ww (2 sImdn 3:1). ssZhw Ahsc BZn apX Bßmhnsâ hnip²oIcW¯nepw kXy¯nsâ hnizmk¯nepw c£bv¡mbn sXcsªSp¯ncn¡p¶p (2 sXÊ 2:14). AXn\m am\knImtcmKy¯n\pw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ F¶Xnsâ ASbmf¯n\pw kXyw \nÀ_ÔamIp¶p. ss__nfnse s]mXp \nba§Äs¡m¸w Xs¶ {]tXyIamb AÀ°hpw Dt±iyhpaps­¶v CXn \n¶v hyàamIp¶p. ssZh¯nsâ Beb¯nsâ AfshSp¸v \S¡p¶Xv Cu \nba§Ä A\pkcn¨mWv (shfn 11:1).

3.2.4 ]¯p IÂ]\IÄ

]pd¸mSv 20:1þ17þepw BhÀ¯\ ]pkvXIw 5:6þ21þepw ImWp¶ {]ImcapÅ ]¯p IÂ]\Ifpw ]men¡m³ k‘ _m[yXs¸«ncn¡p¶p.

H¶mas¯ IÂ]\:

ASna hoSmb CuPn]vXn \n¶v \ns¶ sIm­ph¶ btlmhbmb Rm³ \nsâ ssZhw BIp¶p. Rm\ÃmsX A\y ssZh§Ä \n\¡p­mIcpXv.

]nXmhmb ssZhw GIamb kXyssZhamWv (tbml 17:3). Ah\p Xpeyambn asäm¶panÃ;Ah\ÃmsX thsd ssZhanÃ. AXpsIm­v tbip {InkvXp AS¡apÅ aämtcbpw Xs¶ \akvIcn¡pItbm AhtcmSv {]mÀ°n¡pItbm sN¿m³ A\phZn¡s¸«n«nÃ.

c­mas¯ IÂ]\:

\o Hcp hn{Klw D­m¡cpXv;aosX kzÀK¯n G¦nepw Xmsg `qanbn F¦nepw `qan¡p Iosg shůn F¦nepw DÅ bmsXm¶nsâ {]Xnabpw AcpXv. Ahsb \akvIcn¡pItbm tkhn¡pItbm sN¿cpXv; \nsâ ssZhamb btlmhbmb Rm³ Xo£vWXbpÅ ssZhamIp¶p; Fs¶ ]sIbv¡p¶hcn ]nXm¡·mcpsS AIrXyw aq¶mat¯bpw \memat¯bpw Xeapd hsc a¡fpsS ta kµÀin¡pIbpw Fs¶ kvt\ln¨v Fsâ IÂ]\Isf ]men¡p¶hÀ¡v Zb ImWn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p ?

CXn\\pkcn¨v aX]camb Bcm[\bvt¡m {]XoIh¡cW¯nt\m Bbn Fs´¦nepw Xc¯nepÅ cq]§tfm {]XnaItfm D­m¡p¶Xv A\phZ\obaÃ. AXn\m {IqinXcq]w Hcp {]XoIw F¶ \nebn k` D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv hne¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p.   {]amW§Ä Xs¶bpw BßobLS\bpsS Hcp `mKambXn\m sI«pdt¸msS ]men¡s¸tS­Xp­v.  

aq¶mas¯ IÂ]\:

\nsâ ssZhamb btlmhbpsS \maw hrYm D]tbmKn¡cpXv. Xs³d \maw hrYm D]tbmKn¡p¶hs\ btlmh in£n¡msX hnSpIbnÃ.

ssZhamb btlmhbpsS \ma¯n\v FÃm¯n\pw A[oiXzap­v. AXpsIm­v Cu \nbaw shdpw ssZh\nµsb am{Xaà ]cmaÀin¡p¶pÅp. k`bpsS A[nImc¯nsâ ZpÀhn\ntbmKs¯bpw tbip{InkvXphneqsS ssZhs¯ e£yam¡n {]hÀ¯n¡m³ B{Kln¡p¶ FÃmhtcbpw AXv DÄs¡mÅp¶p.

\memas¯ IÂ]\:

im_¯v \mfns\ ip²oIcn¡m³ HmÀ¡pI. Bdp Znhkw A[zm\n¨v \nsâ the Hs¡bpw sN¿pI. Ggmw Znhkw \nsâ ssZhamb btlmhbpsS im_¯v BIp¶p. A¶v \obpw \nsâ ]p{X\pw ]p{Xnbpw \nsâ the¡mc\pw the¡mc¯nbpw \nsâ I¶pImenIfpw \nsâ ]SnhmXn¡I¯pÅ ]ctZinbpw Hcp thebpw sN¿cpXv. Bdp Znhkw sIm­v btlmh BImihpw `qanbpw kap{Zhpw AhbnepÅsXms¡bpw D­m¡n. Ggmw Znhkw kzØambn Ccp¶p. AXpsIm­v btlmh im_¯v \mfns\ A\p{Kln¨v ip²oIcn¨ncn¡p¶p.

CXn³ {]Imcw Ggmw Znhks¯ im_¯v hnizmknIÄ¡v \nÀ_ÔamIp¶p. \nehnepÅ Ie­À {]Imcw im_¯v RmbdmgvNbmWv. im_¯v BNcn¡msX Hcp {InkvXym\n¡pw ssZhs¯ tkhn¡pI km[yaÃ. Ggmw Znhk¯n\p ]Icw asämcp Znhkw Bcm[\bv¡p th­n \nÝbn¡p¶Xv ssZhIÂ]\sb [n¡cn¡Â am{Xaà AXv hn{Klmcm[\bpsS {]XoIw Xs¶bmIp¶p. AXv ssZh¯n\p t\scbpÅ Ielhpw A`nNmctZmj¯n\p XpeyhpamWv (1 iap 15:23). ]cnhr¯n ASnØm\¯n BgvNsb {IaoIcn¡p¶ Hcp Ie­À D­m¡p¶Xpw CtX ^eamWv Dfhm¡pI.

BZys¯ \mep IÂ]\IÄ a\pjy\v ssZhhpambpÅ _Ôs¯ \nÀWbn¡p¶p. AXpsIm­v B IÂ]\Isf \ymb{]amW¯nsâ BZyt¯Xpw {][m\s¸«Xpamb hn`mKambn IcpXp¶p. FÃmänepw apJyamb IÂ]\sb¸än C§s\ hyIXam¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. “\nsâ ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns\ ]qÀW lrZbt¯mSpw ]qÀWmßmhnt\mSpw ]qÀW a\tÊmSpw ]qÀW iàntbmSpw IqSn kvt\ln¡Ww (amÀt¡m 12:30). CXmIp¶p henbXpw H¶mat¯Xpamb IÂ]\ (a¯m 22:37þ38).

ssZhhpambpÅ ]qÀWamb sFIys¸SÂ Cu IÂ]\IÄ hnizmk]qÀhpw ]men¡p¶Xnepw Ahbvs¡Xncmb {]hr¯nIsfÃmw hÀPn¡p¶XnepamWncn¡p¶Xv.

c­mas¯ henb IÂ]\:

\o \nsâ Ab¡mcs\ \ns¶t¸mse Xs¶ kvt\ln¡Ww. Chtb¡Ä hepXmbn«v asämcp IÂ]\bpw Cà (a¯m 22:39, amÀt¡m 12:31).

]¯p IÂ]\Ifn Ahkm\s¯ Bsd®w apt¶m«p hbv¡p¶ a\pjy_Ô§sf kw_Ôn¨ Bib§sf ]qÀWambpw DÄs¡mÅp¶XmWv c­mas¯ henb IÂ]\.

A©mas¯ IÂ]\:

\nsâ ssZhamb btlmh \n\¡p Xcp¶ tZi¯p \n\¡v ZoÀLmbpÊp­mhm³ \nsâ A¸t\bpw A½tbbpw _lpam\n¡pI.

GXp P\XbptSbpw \ne\nÂ]nsâ ASnØm\ine IpSpw_amWv. IpSpw__Ô¯nse at\m`mhw Xs¶bmWv hnimeamb aXLS\bn {]Xn^en¨pImWpI.

Bdmas¯ IÂ]\:

sIme sN¿cpXv

ktlmZct\mSv tIm]n¡mXncn¡pI F¶ \ymb{]amW¯n\v FÃm {InkvXym\nIfpw hnt[bcmWv. tIm]w a\Ên ]peÀ¯pI F¶Xv \n§Ä \n§fpsS Ab¡mct\mSv sN¿p¶ A{Iaambncn¡pw. ktlmZct\mSp tIm]n¡p¶hÀ FÃmw \ymbhn[n¡v AÀlcmIpw; ktlmZcs\ AhaXn¡p¶h³ \ymbk`bpsS ap¶n \nÂt¡­n hcpw; Ab¡mcs\ ‘aqVm’F¶v hnfn¡p¶h³ Aán\cI¯n\v AÀl\mIpw.

Ggmas¯ IÂ]\:

hy`nNmcw sN¿cpXv

Xsâ CWbÃmsX asämcmtfmSv tXm¶p¶ Imas¯ kw_Ôn¨ DbÀ¶ \nba§Ä A\pkcn¨mIpw {InkvXym\nIÄ hn[n¡s¸SpI (a¯m 5:28).

F«mas¯ IÂ]\:

tamjvSn¡cpXv.

tamjWw Ab¡mct\mSp sN¿p¶ A{Iahpw \n§Ä¡p ssZhhpambpÅ _Ôs¯ h©n¡epamIp¶p.

H¼Xmas¯ IÂ]\:

\n§Ä Ab¡mcs\Xnsc IÅ km£yw ]dbcpXv.

\ymbw, \oXn F¶nh kmcmwi¯n H¶p Xs¶bmWv. lo{_phn Chbv¡v Htc hm¡p Xs¶bmWv D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. AXn\m Hcp {InkvXym\n¡v \ymbhm\mImsX \oXnam\mIpI h¿. IÅ km£yw

sIm­v \oXn]me\s¯ XSbp¶Xv {InkvXym\nIfpsS ]m]tamN\¯n\v hnLmXap­m¡p¶p.

]¯mas¯ IÂ]\:

\n§Ä Ab¡mcsâ ‘h\s¯ tamln¡cpXv. Ab¡mcsâ `mcytbbpw Zmkt\bpw Zmkntbbpw Ahsâ ImfItfbpw IgpXtbbpw Ah\pÅ bmsXm¶nt\bpw tamln¡cpXv.

tamlw F¶Xv `uXnIhkvXp¡tfbpw ssewKnI_Ôt¯bpw HcmÄ¡v ssZhhpambpÅ _Ôs¯¡mÄ apIfn {]XnjvTn¡p¶ {]{InbbmWv. HcÀ°¯n AXv hn{Klmcm[\ Xs¶bmIp¶p. tamlw ssZhaÃmsX asämcp hkvXphn \½psS B{Kls¯ tI{µoIcn¸n¡p¶p. aäp IÂ]\IÄ¡v hncp²amWnXv. Cu AÀ°¯n IÂ]\IÄ¡v Hcp Nm{InIkz`mhap­v. AXn\m `uXnIhkvXp¡fn tamln¡pI F¶Xv aäp \nba§fpsS IqSn ewL\¯n\v ImcWamIp¶p. AXmbXv \ymb{]amW¯nsâ Hcp his¯ ewLn¡p¶Xv AXns\ ]qÀWambn ewLn¡p¶Xn\v XpeyamWv. AXpsIm­v ]m]¯nsâ Imcy¯n At]£nIXzanÃ. \ymb{]amWs¯ ewLn¡p¶XmWv ]m]w. \ymb{]amWs¯ icnbmbn a\Ênem¡p¶Xn\p th­ Hcp hniZoIcWw a¯mbn 5:21þ48, ]pd¸mSv 20:13, BhÀ¯\]pkvXIw 5:16, 16:8, eq¡mkv 12:57þ59 F¶nhbn {InkvXp \ÂIp¶p­v.

Cu IÂ]\IÄ FÃm amXm]nXm¡fpw AhcpsS a¡sf ]Tn¸nt¡­Xpw A§s\ XeapdIfmbn XpStc­XpamIp¶p. ssIbnepw s\änbnepw ({]hr¯nbnepw Nn´bnepw) AXnsâ ap{Z ssIs¡mtÅ­Xpw hoSnsâ ]Sn¡Â Øm]nt¡­XpamIp¶p (BhÀ¯ 3:7þ9).

3.2.5 a\pjysâ s]cpamäs¯ \nb{´n¡p¶ aäp \nba§Ä

3.2.5.1 ‘£W \nba§Ä

tehy ]pkvXIw 11:1þ47, BhÀ¯\ ]pkvXIw 14:4þ21 F¶nhbnepw ‘£W\nba§Ä ImWp¶p. a\pjy icocs¯ icnbmb BtcmKyt¯msS \nb{´n¨p \nÀ¯pI F¶Xns\bpw XnI¨pw ^e{]Zamb imcocnIXXz§tfbpw ASnØm\am¡nbpÅXmWv Cu \nba§Ä. ]cnip²mßmhns\ kzoIcn¡m³ A\ptbmPyamb ]m{Xambncn¡Ww icocw. Cu ‘£W \nba§Ä¡v XnI¨pw imkv{Xobamb ASn¯dbp­v. càw Ign¡p¶Xv BhÀ¯\ ]pkvXIw 12:16 {]Imchpw sImgp¸v (taZÊv) ‘£n¡p¶Xv tehy ]pkvXIw 3:17 {]Imchpw \ntcm[n¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. Xmt\ acn¨Xpw ]dn¨p Iodnt¸mbXpambXns\sbm¶pw Xn¶cpXv (sbsl 44:31). ]g§Ä Xn¶p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨ hne¡pIÄ tehy ]pkvXIw 19:23þ26þ ImWp¶p. Cu \nba§Ä¡v Bßobamb AÀ°hnh£Ifp­v.

3.2.5.2 im_¯v

btlmhbpsS {]tXyI IÂ]\ {]Imcw F¶ \nebv¡pw ]¯p IÂ]\Ifn H¶v F¶ \nebv¡pw Ggmw Znhkw im_¯v Bbn BNcn¡p¶p (]pd 20:8þ11), (BhÀ¯ 5:12þ15). F¡me¯pw FÃm P\§Ä¡pw BbpÅ AewL\ob \nba§fmWv Ch. im_¯v hnip²amWv. AXns\ Aip²am¡p¶h³ acWin£ A\p‘hn¡Ww. Bsc¦nepw A¶p the sNbvXm Ahs\ Ahsâ P\¯nsâ CSbn \n¶v tOZn¨p IfbWw. (]pd 31:14þ15). AXv ssZhhpw C{ktb P\Xbpw X½nepÅ \nXyamb Hcp IcmÀ BIp¶p. ssZhs¯ krjvSnIÀ¯mhmbn AwKoIcn¡p¶Xnsâ ASbmfamIp¶p im_¯v (]pd 31:15þ16). FÃm {InkvXym\nIfpw Bßobambn C{ktbÂImcmWv. FÃm AhnizmknIfpw A´naambn C{ktben hs¶t¯­hcpw BIp¶p. AXn\m im_¯v ssZh¯n\pw Ahsâ P\§Ä¡pw CSbn F¡met¯¡papÅ Hcp ASbmfamIp¶p. im_¯nsâ Aip²am¡p¶Xn\pÅ in£ acWamIp¶p. Ah\v ]cnip²mßmhns\ \jvSs¸SpIbpw Ah³ c­mw ]p\cp°m\¯n\v hn[n¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶p (shfn 20:5).

im_¯v hnip² Zn\ambn btlmhbm A\p{Kln¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. AXv kt´mj¯nsâ Zn\amIp¶p. F¶m AXv shdpw t\cw t]m¡nsâ ZnhkaÃ; adn¨v hnip²amb IqSnt¨cen\pÅ ZnhkamIp¶p (sbi 58:13þ14). A¶v tPmen sN¿pItbm bmsXmcp NpaSpw Npa¡pItbm ]mSnà (bnsc 17:21þ22).

tbip Ahsâ PohnX¯n im_¯v BNcn¨p (amÀt¡m 6:2). At¸mkvXe·mcpw im_¯v (hnip² Zn\§fpw) BNcn¨p. AXn\m \ap¡pw im_¯v BNcnt¡­Xp­v. aninlmbpsS `cW¯nsâ Ahkm\ \mfpIfn Ah³ im_¯v, Aamhmkn, hnip² Zn\§Ä F¶nh ho­pw {]m_ey¯n hcp¯pIbpw AXv A\pkcn¡m¯ P\§sf in£n¡pIbpw sN¿pw (sbi 66:22þ23), (skJ 14:16þ19).

3.2.5.3 AamhmknIÄ

Aamhmkn Zn\§Ä \ymb{]amW {]Imcw \mw BNcnt¡­XmWv (kwJy 10:10, 28:11þ15, 1 Zn\ 23:31. 2 Zn\ 2:4, 8:13, 31:3). im_¯nse¶t]mse Cu kab¯pw hym]mcw amänhbv¡Ww (Btamkv 8:5). C{ktb Aamhmkn BNcn¡p¶p (sbi 1:13þ14S F{k 3:5, s\sl 10:33, k¦o 81:3, tlmtib 2:11). k‘bpw At\Iw \qäm­pIÄ AXv BNcn¨pt]m¶p. Aamhmknsb k` im_¯n\pw hnip²Zn\§Ä¡pw H¸w BNcn¨p t]m¶p (sImsem 2:16). im_¯v F¶ t]mse Aamhmkntbbpw aninl ]p\xØm]n¡pw  (sbi 66:23, sbl 45:17, 46:1.3.6).

3.2.5.4. hmÀjnI hnip² Zn\§Ä

hmÀjnI hnip² Zn\§sf¸än tehy ]pkvXIw 23:1þ44þepw BhÀ¯\ ]pkvXIw 16:1þ16þepw {]Xn]mZn¨ncn¡p¶p. Cu hnip² Znhk§Ä ssZh¯nsâ ]m]tamN\ ]²Xn {]Xn^en¸n¡p¶p. hnip² Zn\§fn Xmsg ]dbp¶h DÄs¸Sp¶p.

s]klbpw ]pfn¡m¯ A¸¯nsâ s]cp¶mfpw

s]âns¡mÌv (blqZs¸cp¶mÄ)

Imlf§fpsS s]cp¶mÄ

]m]]cnlmc Znhkw

IqSmcs¸cp¶mÄ

Ahkm\s¯ alm Znhkw

Cu hnip² Znhk§Ä BNcnt¡­Xv \nÀ_ÔamIp¶p. ssZh¯n\pw Ahsâ P\§Ä¡pw CSbnepÅ ASbmf§Ä F¶ \nebv¡v Chbv¡v {]tXyI {]m[m\yap­v. hnip² Zn\w im_¯v t]mse Xs¶ ]cnKWn¡s¸Sp¶p.

3.2.5.5 hnhmlw

hnhmlw hnip²amb Hcp Øm]\bmIp¶p. ssZh¯n\p Iogn {InkvXphpw k`bpw X½nepÅ sFIys¸Sens\bmWv AXv {]Xn\n[m\w sN¿p¶Xv (shfn 19:7, 9). Cu ZrjvSm´w a¯mbn 22:2þ14þ hniZoIcn¡p¶p. Ahkm\s¯ H¯ptNcen\p tijw ]ns¶ hnhmlw Fs¶m¶nÃ. hnhmlw a\pjy\p th­nbpÅXmWv;AÃmsX kzÀKZqX·mÀ¡pÅXà (a¯m 22:30). AXn\m ]p\cp°m\¯n a\pjyÀ hnhmlw Ign¡p¶nÃ; hnhml¯n\p sImSp¡s¸Sp¶panà (amÀt¡m 12:25). B temI¯n\pw acn¨hcn \n¶pÅ ]p\cp°m\¯n\pw tbmKycmbhÀ ]p\cp°m\]p{X·mcmIbm ssZhZqXXpeycpw ssZh]p{X·mcpw BIp¶p (eq¡m 20:34þ36).

CX\pkcn¨v hnhmlw F¶ Øm]\ a\pjyÀ¡p th­n cq]IÂ]\ sNbvXn«pÅXmWv. krjvSnbpsS a\pjyPohnXL«w ]qÀ¯nbmIp¶tXmsS AXnsâ \ne\nÂ]pw CÃmXmIp¶p. BZ¯nsâ Imew apX Cu Øm]\w \ne\n¡p¶p. AX\pkcn¨v ]pcpj³ Xsâ A¸t\bpw A½tbbpw hn«p]ncnªv `mcytbmSv ]änt¨cpIbpw AhÀ GItZlambn XocpIbpw sN¿p¶p (DÂ]¯n 2:24).

ssZhnI DS¼Sn{]ImcamWv `mcy Hcp `mcy BIp¶Xv. AXn \n¶v ssZhoI k´m\§Ä D­mIWsa¶v ssZhw B{Kln¡p¶p. Hcp AXn{Iaamb hnhmltamN\s¯ ssZhw shdp¡p¶p (aemJn 2:16). tami hnhml tamN\w A\phZn¡p¶s­¦nepw ]ckwKw tlXphmbn«ÃmsX {InkvXym\nIÄ¡v `mcysb Dt]£n¡m³ ]mSnà (a¯m 5:31þ32). ssZhw tbmPn¸n¨Xns\ a\pjy³ thÀs]Sp¯cpXv

(a¯m 19:3þ12). Ahnizmknbmb HcmÄ hnizmknbmb CWtbmsSm¸w Pohn¡m³ k½Xn¨m B hnhml _Ôw \ne\n¡pw (1 sImdn 7:10þ16).

3.2.6 km¼¯nI ImcyØX

3.2.6.1 ssZht¯mSv

ssZht¯mSpÅ km¼¯nI D¯chmZnXz§sf ]än BhÀ¯\ ]pkvXIw 12:5þ19þ ImWmw. k`bpsS {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v klmbw \ÂIpI F¶Xv FÃm {InkvXym\nIfpsSbpw D¯chmZnXzamIp¶p. CXp kw_Ôn¨ XXzw BhnjvIcn¡s¸«n«pÅXv hcpam\¯n ]¯nsem¶v, ]utcmlnXyw hgn ssZh¯n\v kaÀ¸n¡pI F¶ ]Xnhn \n¶mWv. (BhÀ 12:9þ14). tZhmeb¯n\p \ÂIp¶ \nIpXn {]mbÝn¯ambmWv IcpXs¸«ncp¶Xv. tZhmeb¯nte¡v B­ptXmdpw {]tXyI \nIpXn GÀs¸Sp¯nbncp¶Xmbn s\laymhp 10:32þ ]dbp¶p. {InkvXphnsâ ]p\cmKa\s¯ XpSÀ¶p­mIp¶ kphÀW Ime¯pw CXp XpScp¶p (aemJn 3:1þ16). aemJn 3:7þ P\XtbmSv ssZhw X¶nte¡v aS§nhcm³ BÚm]n¡p¶p. Xm³ Ahcnte¡pw aS§nhcpw F¶v ssZhw Acpfns¨bvXp. Cu aS§nhc ssZh¯nsâ {]hr¯n sIm­mWv ^eh¯mIp¶Xv. AXn\p th­n hcpam\¯nsâ Zimwiw ssZh¯nsâ Beb¯nse ‘WvUmc¯nte¡v \ÂIWw. (aemJn 3:7). Zimwiw \ÂIp¶Xn hogvN hcp¯p¶Xv ssZhs¯ sImÅbSn¡p¶Xn\p XpeyamIp¶p (aemJn 3:8þ10).

kaqlw apgph³ Zimwiw tZhmeb¯n AÀ¸n¡m³ XbmdmIp¶XneqsS ssZh¯nsâ {]hr¯nIÄ apt¶m«p t]mIp¶psh¶v Dd¸phcp¯p¶p. ]Icambn `qanbn \à hnfhv ssZhw AhÀ¡v Dd¸p \ÂIp¶p. (aemJn 3:10þ12)

k`¡v ssZht¯mSpÅ D¯chmZn¯w At¸mkvXe·mcpsS Imew apX \ne\n¡p¶XmWv. AXv FÃmbvt]mgpw ]men¡s¸Smdnsænepw AYhm ip{iqjIÀ AXns\ ]et¸mgpw Dt]£n¡mdps­¦nepw AXv C¶phsc \ne\n¡p¶p­v. (2 sImdn. 12:13þ18). {InkvXp aq¸·msc c­p t]À c­p t]À hoXamWv ]dª¨bXv. BÀ¡p th­nbmtWm AhÀ {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv AhnSs¯ k` B {]hr¯nbn Ahsc klmbn¡pambncp¶p (eqt¡m 10:1þ12).

tZhmeb IÀ½¯n GÀs¸«hcpw kphntijw Adnbn¡p¶hcpw kphntij¯m D]Pohn¡s¸SWw (1 sImdn 9:13þ14). apgph³ kabhpw kphntij {]NmcW¯n GÀs¸«ncn¡p¶hÀ¡v D]Poh\w \ÂtI­Xv k‘bpsS D¯chmZn¯amIp¶p (1 Xntam 5:17þ18); (BhÀ¯ 24:14þ15). AkXyamÀK§fneqsS t\SnbsXt¶m hn{KlmÀ¸nXsat¶m {]tXyIn¨v {]kvXmhn¨n«nÃm¯ FÃm Zimwi§fpw ssZh¯n\v kzoImcyamIp¶p (1 sImdn 10:27). Zimwiw sImSpt¡­Xv k`¡mWv k`bmIs« AhÀ¡nSbn BhiyapÅhÀ¡v klmbw \ÂIp¶p (1 Xntam 5:9þ10, 16). Zimwiw tiJcn¡p¶Xv {]mtZinI k`IfpsS ASnØm\¯nemWv. Cu Zimwi¯nsâ Zimwiw tI{µ k`¡p \ÂIWw. Zimwi¯nsâ Zimwiw ssZh¯nsâ Beb¯nsâ `WvUmcKrl¯nsâ AdIfn sIm­psNÃWsa¶v s\slaymhp 10:37þ79, kwJym]pkvXIw 18:26 F¶nh ]dbp¶p. BZy^es¯ kw_Ôn¨ \nbaw IrXyambn AXv ssZh¯n\v AÀ¸nt¡­Xns\¸än ]dbp¶p (]pd¸mSv 22:29). BZy hnfhpIfnse {]Ya ^ew ssZh¯n\v AÀ¸n¡m³ Xmakn¡cpXv. {]tXyIn¨pw IqSmcs¸cp\mfnsâ BZy sshIpt¶cw Xs¶ AXv kaÀ¸n¡Ww (]pd 23:19). ]p{X·mcn BZyPmXt\bpw ssZh¯n\p kaÀ¸n¡Ww (kwJy 18:15þ18).

3.2.6.2 aäpÅhtcmSv

Xsâ _Ôp¡Ä¡pw {]tXyIn¨v Xsâ kz´w IpSpw_¯n\pw th­n IcpXm¯h³ hnizmkw XÅn¡fªh\pw Ahnizmkntb¡mÄ A[a\pw BIp¶p (1 Xntam 5:8).

Hcp {InkvXym\nbpw aäpÅhs\ ]oUn¸n¡pItbm Ahsâ Iqen XSªphbv¡pItbm sN¿cpXv (BhÀ¯ 24:15). AhÀ¡v sImSp¡m\pÅ ]Ww apgph\pw sImSp¡Ww. im_¯v hÀj¯n Iq«pImcpsS IS§Ä £an¨psImSp¡pIbpw thWw (kwJy 15:1þ2, s\sl 10:31).

BtLmj§Ä¡pÅ Zimwiw ]e Xc¯nepw \nb{´n¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. c­mas¯ Zimwiw kz´w hmkØe¯ph¨v ‘£n¨pIqSm. ssZhamb btlmh sXcsªSp¡p¶ Hcp Øe¯ph¨mWv AXv A\p‘hnt¡­Xv. (BhÀ 12:17þ19)

im_¯v ]cnhr¯nbpsS aq¶mw hÀj¯n Zimwiw ]mhs¸«hcpsS t£a¯n\p th­nbmWv \ÂtI­Xv. (BhÀ¯ 14:28, 26:12) aq¶mw ZimwihÀjw hcp¶Xv 1994þ95, 2001þ02, 2008þ09, 2015þ16, 2022þ23, 2030þ31 F¶o hÀj§fnemWv. hnip² hÀjamb 2030þ31 ]pXnb kl{km_vZ¯nse BZys¯ aq¶mw Zimwi hÀjamWv. sbslkvtI 1:1 sXm«v 27þ28, 77þ78 hÀj§fn Pq_nen hÀjw h¶Xnsâ IW¡\pkcn¨mWv CXv \nÀWbn¡s¸«n«pÅXv. aq¶mw Zimwi hÀj¯nse km[yXIÄ k`bpsS `cWLS\{]Imcw hyXymks¸SpIsbm \o¡w sN¿s¸SpIsbm Bhmw. kaqly kpc£nXXzw th­{X \nehnepÅ {]tZi§sf kw_Ôn¨mWv CXv.

im_¯v hÀjw hnf`qanIÄ¡pw ap´ncnt¯m¸pIÄ¡pw ]gt¯m«§Ä¡pw hn{iahÀjamWv. AhnsS ]mhs¸«hÀ Atlmhr¯n Ign¡s«. AhÀ tijn¸n¡p¶Xv Im«parK§Ä Xn¶s« (]pd 23:10þ11). im_¯v hÀjw hcp¶Xv 1998þ99, 2005þ06, 2012þ13, 2019þ20, 2026þ27 F¶o hnip² hÀj§fnemWv. Pq_nen hÀjamIs« 2027þ28þepw. ]mh§tfmSp Ir] ImWn¡p¶h³ btlmh¡v hmbv] sImSp¡p¶p. Ahsâ {]hr¯n¡v ssZhw ]Icw \ÂIpIbpw sN¿pw (kZri 19:17). Zcn{Z\p sImSp¡p¶h\v CÃmbva D­mIpIbnÃ. (amÀt¡m 10:21) Ah\v kzÀK¯n \nt£]w D­mIpw (amÀt¡m 10:21). \n§Ä \S¯p¶ [À½tiJcw hnip²·mcpsS Bhiy§Ä XoÀ¡p¶Xn\p ]pdsa ssZh¯n\v A\h[n kvtXm{Xw hcphm³ ImcWhpw BIp¶p (2 sImdn 9:6þ12).

3.2.7 Btbm[\hpw k½XnZm\hpw

 

3.2.7.1 Btbm[\w

]ctam¶X\mb ssZh¯nsâ ]ptclnX·mcmWv hnip²·mÀ. asämcphsâ Poh³ FSp¡p¶Xv Hcp {InkvXym\n¡pw tbmPn¨Xà (]pd 20:13, a¯mbn 5:38þ40; eqt¡m 6:27þ36). {InkvXphnsâ tNIh·mÀ sFlnI·mcmbncp¶psh¦n AhÀ {InkvXphns\ blqZ·mcpsS GÂ]n¡m¯h®w t]mcmSpambncp¶p. (tbml 18:36). AhÀ sFlnItemI¯n Pohn¡p¶hcmsW¦nepw AhÀ sFlnIamb Hcp t]mcm«¯n GÀs¸Sp¶nà (2 sImdn 10:3). AhÀ D]tbmKn¡p¶ Bbp[§Ä¡v h³tIm«Isf \in¸n¡m³ DÅ Znhyiànbp­v (2 sImdn 10:4). CXn\m {InkvXym\nIÄ¡v AhcpsS cmPys¯ kÀ¡mcns\ ]n´pWbv¡m\pw cmjv{S¯nsâ t£a¯n\p th­n kXykÔXtbmSpw hnizkvXXtbmSpw IqSn {]hÀ¯n¡m\pw DÅ _m[yXbp­v. F¦n Ahsc ssZhw Ahsâ iànbm kwc£n¡pw.

3.2.7.2 k½XnZm\w

hnip² {KÙ¯nse \nba§fpambn t\cn«v FXncmIpt¼msgmgnsI {InkvXym\nIÄ AhcpsS cmjv{S¯nsâ \nbaw DbÀ¯n¸nSn¡Ww. \nbaw k½XnZm\w Bhiys¸Sp¶ps­¦nÂ, AXv ss__nfnsâ XXz¯n\v FXncsæn k½XnZm\¯neqsS {InkvXym\n¡v Xsâ km£yw hn\ntbmKn¡mw. sXcsªSp¸neqsS t\Xm¡sf \nÀWbn¡p¶ coXn BhÀ¯\ ]pkvXIw 1:9þ14þ \n¶pw tlmtib 1:11þ \n¶pw \nÀ²mcWw sNbvXn«pÅXmIp¶p. CXn cmjv{Sob aÕcw DÄs¸«Xv Btbm[\¯nsâ Hcp hn]peoIcWambn ImWWw.

A[ymbw 4

aninlsb kw_Ôn¨ kn²m´w

4.1 {InkvXp apt¼bpÅh³ F¶ \nebnÂ.

tbip {InkvXphnsâ Bßob AkvXnXzw krjvSnbpsS XpS¡w apXtebp­mbncp¶p (tbml 1:1). Ah³ kÀh krjvSn¡pw BZyPmX\pw (sImsem 1:15) AXn\m Xs¶ Ah³ ssZhkrjvSnbpsS Bcw‘hpamIp¶p (shfn 3:14). ]gb \nba¯n {InkvXphns\ btlmhbpsS ZqXs\¶v ]cmaÀin¨ncn¡p¶p.   km¶n²y¯ns³d ssZhZqX³ AYhm DS¼SnbpsS ssZhZqX³ C{ktb¡msc sN¦S IS¯n CuPn]vXn \n¶pw sIm­ph¶ ssZhZqX³ At±lambncp¶p. Ah³ Xs¶bmbncp¶p taL§fnse ssZhZqX³. ko\mbv aebn tamitbmSp kwkmcn¨Xpw Ah³ Xs¶ (At¸mkvX 7:35þ38). Ah³ Xs¶bmbncp¶p FÂt_Y (El Behtel), ssZhw AYhm ssZh¯nsâ Beb¯nse alm ]ptcmlnX³ (DÂ]¯n 28:17, 21þ22, 31:11þ13, F{_ 3:1). {InkvXp ssZh¯nsâ ZqX\mIp¶p (DÂ]¯n 31:11þ13). Ah³ ssZhambn (Elohin) ]nXmhmb ssZh¯m (Elohin) \nban¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p (k¦o 45:6þ7). tami ssZh ‘h\¯n (Hcp `rXys\¶ \nebnÂ) hnizkvX\mbncp¶Xp t]mse tbip Xs¶ \nban¨ncn¡p¶h\v (Hcp ]p{Xs\¶ \nebnÂ) hnizkvX³ Bbncp¶p (F{_ 3:2).

kXy¯n\v km£yw hln¡m\mWv tbip ‘qanbn h¶Xv (tbml 18:37). Ahsâ cmPyw `qanbn hcm\ncn¡p¶tXbpÅq. temIØm]\¯n\p apt¼ \nÀ®oXs\¦nepw \ap¡p th­n Ime¯ns³d AdpXnbn shfns¸«h\mIp¶p. (1 ]t{Xm 1:20).

4.2 IpcnimtcmlWhpw DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â]pw

kIe]m]§fn \n¶pw a\pjycminsb c£n¡m\mWv {InkvXphns\ Hcp IpªmSns\t¸mse (shfn 5:6þ8) ‘qanbnte¡v Ab¨Xv (a¯m 1:21, 9:6; amÀt¡m 3:28) ssZh¯nsâ Znhyamb ap¶dnhv F¶ \nebn temI Øm]\w apX Adp¡s¸« IpªmSmWv Ah³ (shfn 13:18).   temImcw`w apX ssZh¯ns³d ap³Iq«nbpÅ \nÝb{]Imcw Adp¡s¸« IpªmSmbncp¶p Ah³.

{InkvXp Xs¶bmWv aninl F¶v a\pjy kapZmbw hnizkn¨nsæn AhÀ AhcpsS ]m]§fn acn¡pw (tbml 8:24).

{InkvXp \½psS ]m]§Ä¡p th­n Xncpshgp¯pIÄ {]Imcw acn¡pIbpw Xncpshgp¯pIÄ {]Imcw AS¡s¸«Xnsâ aq¶mw \mÄ DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¡pIbpw sNbvXp (1 sImdn 15:3þ4). ]n¶oSv Ah³ Aªqdn A[nIw ktlmZc·mÀ¡v Hcpan¨v {]Xy£\mbn (1 sImdn 15:5þ6). BgvNh«¯nse H¶mw \mÄ AYhm RmbdmgvNbv¡p ap¼p Xs¶ {InkvXp DbnÀs¯gpt¶äncp¶p (tbml 20:1, tNmZyw sN¿s¸Smhp¶Xmb amÀt¡m 16:9þ10þse {]kvXmhhpw ImWpI). tbm\m ISem\bpsS hbän aq¶p cmhpw aq¶p ]Iepw Ccp¶Xp t]mse Ah³ aq¶p cmhpw aq¶p ]Iepw `qanbpsS DÅn Ccp¶p (a¯m 12:39þ40), (eqt¡m 24:6þ8 IqSn ImWpI).

{InkvXphns\ {Iqin¨Xv (a¯m 27:32þ50; amÀt¡m 15:24þ37; eqt¡m 23:33þ46; tbml 19:23þ30) Znhk¯nsâ aq¶mw aWn¡mWv AXmbXv cmhnse 9 aWn¡v (amÀt¡m 15:25) H¼Xmw aWn hsc AXmbXv sshIpt¶cw 3 aWn hsc Ah³ Ipcnin InS¶p (amÀt¡m 15:33) \okm³ amkw 14þ\v Bbncp¶p AXv. Ipcniv F¶Xv Hcp h[kvXw`ambncp¶pthm AtXm ]n¶oSv cq]s¸«ph¶ ‘T’ BIrXnbnepÅ Ipcnimbncp¶pthm F¶Xn\v sXfnhnÃ. AsX´mbmepw Ipcnins\ hnizmk¯nsâ NnÓsa¶ \nebn IW¡nseSp¡m\mhnÃ. {InkvXpatXXcamb AÔhnizmk¯n \n¶mWv A¯csamcp {]XoIh¡cW¯nsâ DÛhw.

{InkvXp {Iqin¡s¸SpIbpw DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¡pIbpw sNbvXp (amÀt¡m 16:6). DbnÀs¯gpt¶ä tbip Ahsâ ]nXmhpw \½psS ]nXmhpw Ahsâ ssZhhpw \½psS ssZhhpambhsâ ASp¡te¡v BtcmlWw sNbvXp (tbml 20:11þ18). Ah³ kzÀK¯n ssZh¯nsâ heXp ‘mK¯v Ccn¡p¶p. ZqX·mcpw A[nImc§fpw iànIfpw Ah\v Iogvs¸«ncn¡p¶p (1 ]t{Xm 3:22).

{InkvXphn\v At¸mkvXe·mÀ aptJ\ a\pjyÀ¡v am¸p \ÂIm\pw Ahsc ]m]§fn \n¶v tamNn¸n¡m\pw DÅ A[nImcap­v (tbml 20:22þ23).

4.3 {InkvXphnsâ c­mw hchv

]m]¯n \n¶v tamNn¸n¡m\pÅ _en F¶ \nebv¡mWv {InkvXphnsâ BZy hchv. cmPmhmb aninl F¶ \nebv¡mbncp¶nà Ahsâ BZy hchv. F¶m Ahsâ Imes¯ blqZÀ Ahs\ sXän²cn¨p. FÃmhtcbpw IogS¡p¶ Hcp cmPmhns\bmWv AhÀ {]Xo£n¨Xv (a¯m 27:11, 29, 37;eqt¡m 23:2þ3, 37þ38; tbml 19:14þ16). ]t£ NneÀ ]cnip²mßmhneqsS Ahs\ C{ktbensâ cmPmhmbn AwKoIcn¨p (tbml 1:49, 12:13þ15). A§s\ {]hN\w ]qÀ¯oIcn¨p (skJ 9:9).

tbip kIe hnip² ZqX·mcpambn aninlm cmPmsh¶ \nebn ho­pw hcpw (a¯mbn 25:31. shfn 17:14). an¶Â Ing¡p \n¶v ]pds¸«p ]Snªmtdmfw hnf§pw t]mse Ahsâ hchv hyàambn ImWm\mIpw (a¯m 24:27). ]p\cp°m\w sNbvX hnip²·mtcmsSm¸w Ah³ kÀhm[nImc§fpw ssIbmfpw (shfn 20:4).

A[À½ aqÀ¯n shfns¸«phcpt¼mÄ Ahs\ tbip \in¸n¡pw AXp kabw Xs¶ euIoI iIvXnItfbpw (2 sXÊ 2:8). km¯msâ hym]mciàn¡v H¯h®w hymPamb

kIeiàntbmSpw ASbmf§tfmSpw AÛpX§tfmSpw IqSnbmbncn¡pw A[À½aqÀ¯n A[nImc¯n hcnI (2 sXÊ 2:9). AhÀ c£n¡s¸Sphm³ X¡h®w kXys¯ kvt\ln¨p ssIs¡mÅmbvIbm Xs¶bmWv C§s\ kw`hn¡p¶Xv. kXys¯ hnizkn¡msX A\oXnbm ckn¡p¶ GhÀ¡pw \ymbhn[n htc­Xn\v ssZhw AhÀ¡v hymPambXns\ hnizkn¡pamdv hymP¯nsâ hym]mciàn Ab¡p¶p (2 sXÊ 10þ12). Cu A[À½ hyhØsb tbip Xsâ hmbnse izmk¯m HSp¡n Xsâ {]Xy£XbpsS {]`mh¯m \in¸n¡pw (2 sXÊ 2:8).

4.4 {InkvXphnsâ Bbnc¯m­pIme `cWw

]p\cp°m\w sNbvX hnip²·mtcmsSm¸w {InkvXp `qanbn Bbncw hÀjs¯ ‘cWw Øm]n¡pw (shfn 20:3þ4). ]m]w sNbvX ZqX·mÀ¡pÅ Øm\amb AÔXaÊnsâ ASn¯«p ImWm¯ \cI¡pgnbn Bbnc¯m­pImet¯¡v km¯m³ _ÔnX\mIpw (2 ]t{Xm 2:4). tbiphnsâ km£yhpw ssZhhN\hpw \nan¯w Xe tOZn¡s¸«hcpw arKt¯tbm AXnsâ {]Xnatbtbm \akvIcn¡mXncn¡p¶hcpw s\änbnepw ssItaepw AXnsâ ap{Z ssIs¡mÅmXncp¶hcpamb hnip²·mÀ DbnÀs¯gpt¶äv Bbncw hÀjw {InkvXphnt\msSm¸w hmgpw (shfn 20:4). CXv H¶mw ]p\cp°m\w (shfn 20:5). acn¨hcn tijapÅhÀ Bbnc¯m­pIÄ Ignbpthmfw Pohn¡p¶nà (shfn 20:15). CXp c­mw s]mXp]p\cp°m\w.

Cu Bbncw hÀj¡me¯n\pÅn kobm\n Xm³ \ÂInb ss__nÄ \ymb{]amW§Ä¡v A\pkrXamb cmPyw {InkvXp ]p\Øm]n¡pw. Heohp aebn Ah³ Ibdn \n¡p¶ Znhkw apX CXv kw‘hn¡pw (skJ 14:4, 6). sbcpiteant\mSv bp²w sN¿p¶ kIe P\XIfpw \in¸n¡s¸Spw. F¶m FÃm P\XIfnepw tijn¨ncn¡p¶hÀ FÃmhcpw ssk\y§fpsS btlmhbmb cmPmhns\ \akvIcn¡m\pw IqSmcs¸cp¶mÄ BNcn¡m\pw B­ptXmdpw hcpw (skJ 14:16). im_¯v, Aamhmkn, hnip² Zn\§Ä F¶nh BNcnt¡­Xv \nÀ_Ôambn hcpw. AXn\p th­ \nba§Ä sbcpitean \n¶v ]pds¸Sphn¡pw. IqSmcs¸cp¶mfn\v X§fpsS ZqX·msc Ab¡m¯ P\XIÄ¡v ImemIme§fn agbp­mIpIbnà (skJ 14:16þ19).

Bbncw B­nsâ Ahkm\w km¯ms\ XShn \n¶v Agn¨phnSpw. `qanbn ]cs¡bpÅ P\XIsf Ah³ hioIcn¡m³ ]pds¸Spw (shfn 20:7þ8). AhÀ ‘`qanbn ho­pw bp²¯n\mbn Hcp§pw. ]t£ BImi¯p \n¶v Xo Cd§n h¶v Ahsc Zln¸n¡pw (shfn 20:9). At¸mÄ km¯m\pw \in¸n¡s¸Spw. AXns\ XpSÀ¶v s]mXphmb ]p\cp°m\hpw \ymbhn[nbpw D­mIpw (shfn 20:13þ15).

A[ymbw 5

Xn·bpsS {]iv\w

5.1 kzÀKZqX·mcpsS Iem]¯neqsS Xn·bpsS \ne\nÂ]v

]nXmhmb ssZh¯n\v XpeyambtXm AXnt\¡mÄ DbÀ¶tXm Bb A[nImc Øm\w t\Sm\m{Kln¨psIm­v Iem]apbÀ¯nb ]m]¯n\mWv km¯ms\ kzÀK¯n \n¶pw ]pd¯m¡nbXv. hn{Klmcm[\ t]msebpÅ (Asæn B`nNmctZmjw t]msebpÅXpamb ]m]sa¶v 1 imap 15:23). Hcp ]m]amWnXv. ]ctam¶X\mb, ]nXmhmb ssZh¯n\p Xpey\mIm\mWv km¯m³ {ian¨Xv. {InkvXphmIs« kzbw ssZh¯n\p Xpey\mIm³ {ian¨nÃ, ]nXmhmb ssZh¯nsâ lnX¯n\v Iogvs¸«h\mbmWv Ah³ hÀ¯n¨Xv (tbml 4:34).

(Ah³) ssZht¯mSpÅ kam\X Imcyambn ]cnKWn¡msX Zmks³d cq]w FSp¯p.. a\pjykmZriy¯nembn Xs¶¯m³ Hgn¨p thj¯n a\pjy\mbn hnf§n Xs¶¯m³ Xmgv¯n acWt¯mfw, {Iqinse acWt¯mfw Xs¶, A\pkcWapÅh\mbn¯oÀ¶p.

AXpsIm­v ssZhw Ahs\ Gähpw DbÀ¯n kIe\ma¯n\pw taemb \maw \ÂIn............. (^nen¸n 2:6)

AXmbXv ssZh¯n\p Xpey\mImt\m ssZhs¯ Øm\{`jvS¡mt\m {ian¡msX ssZht¯mSv A\pkcWapÅh\mbXp sIm­mWv {InkvXp DbÀ¯s¸«Xv.

km¯m³ an¶Â t]mse BImi¯p \n¶v hogp¶Xv Xm³ I­psh¶v {InkvXp eqt¡mkv 10:18þ ]dbp¶p. kzÀK¯nse ZqX·mcn Asæn \£{X§fn aq¶sem¶ns\ km¯m³ Xt¶msSm¸w hen¨pIq«n (shfn]mSv 12:4). Cu ZqX·mcpw km¯mt\msSm¸w `qanbnte¡v hens¨dnbs¸«p. (shfn 12:9). Cu ]X\w shfn]mSpIÄ 8:10þ {]XoImßIambn ]cmaÀin¡s¸«n«p­v. Zo]w t]mse Pzen¡p¶ Hcp alm \£{Xw BImi¯p \n¶v hogpIbpw AXv krjvSnIfn aq¶nsem¶ns\ \in¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXXmbmWv ChnsS hnhcn¡p¶Xv. ssZht¯mSpÅ FXnÀ¸mWv kzÀKZqXsâ ]X\¯n\v ImcWw. kzÀK¯n ssZh¯nsâ IqSmc§fmWv ZqX·mÀ. ssZht¯mSpÅ FXnÀ¸ns\ XpSÀ¶v B IqSmc§fn aq¶nsem¶ns\ ]pdwXÅnbXv. kÀh`qanbpw ssZh¯nsâ \mat¯bpw Ahsâ IqSmct¯bpw kzÀK¯n hkn¡p¶htcbpw Zpjn¸m³ ssZh`qjW¯n\mbn hm Xpd¶p (shfn 13:6). ssZhamIs« kzÀK¯nse IqSmcamb ssZhZqXcn am{Xaà ‘qanbnse sXcsªSp¡s¸« hnip²·mcnepw \nhkn¡p¶p.

5.2 ]qÀh \nÝnXs¯¡pdn¨pÅ kn²m´§Ä

Xncpshgp¯pIÄ Xncn¨dnbp¶Xn\mbn {InkvXphneqsS ]cnip²mßmhp hgn At¸mkvXe·mÀ sXm«v FÃm sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcptSbpw a\Êp Xpd¡p¶Xv ssZhamIp¶p (eqt¡m 24:45). {InkvXp AhtcmSv kwkmcn¨Xv D]aIfneqsSbmWv. AXpsIm­v sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcÃm¯ BÀ¡pw AXp {Kln¡m³ km[n¨nà (a¯m 13:10þ17). AXn\m \ymbhn[nbn {]thin¡p¶Xn\p ap¼v Chsc am\km´cs¸Sp¯pIbpw c£n¡pIbpw thWw. ssZhw ImcpWyhm\mWv. Bcpw \in¨pt]mIm³ Ah³ B{Kln¡p¶nÃ. Ahsâ ssZhnIamb ap¶dnhn\m Ahsâ lnX{]Imcw Hmtcmcp¯cw hnfn¡s¸Sp¶p. Ah³ ap¶dnªhsc Xsâ ]p{X³ At\Iw ktlmZc·mcn BZyPmX³ BtI­Xn\v Ahsâ kzcq]t¯mSv A\pcq]cmIphm³ ap³\nban¨pancn¡p¶p. ap³ \nban¨hsc hnfn¨pw hnfn¨hsc \oXoIcn¨pw \oXoIcn¨hsc tXPkvIcn¨pancn¡p¶p. CXns\¸än \mw F´mWv ]dtb­Xv? ssZhw \ap¡v A\pIqeamsW¦n BcmWv \ap¡v {]XnIqew? (tdmaÀ 8:28þ31).

5.3. acWs¸«hcpsS AhØ

acn¨hÀ au\¯nepw (k¦oÀ 115:17) Ccp«nepw (k¦oÀ 143:3) BIp¶p. A\´ambn \ne\n¡p¶ BßmhnÃ. Htc KXn Xs¶bmWv FÃm a\pjyÀ¡pw (k`m{] 9:3). acn¨hÀ H¶pw Adnbp¶nà (k‘m{] 9:5).

{]mà\Ime¯v acWs¸«hcn NneÀ¡v ]p\cp°m\anà (sbi¿ 26:14, I¼m\nb³ ss__nÄ s\mt«j³ Bâv CâÀ eo\ntbgvkv ImWpI). hnip²·mcn acn¨hÀ Dd§p¶htcm Dd¡¯nte¡v \n]Xn¨htcm BsW¶v ]dªn«p­v (a¯mbn 9:24, tbml¶m³ 11:11, 1 sImdn´yÀ 11:30, 15:6, 18:551, 1 sXÊsem\nIyÀ 4:13þ15, 2 ]t{Xmkv 3:4).

5.4 acWs¸«hcpsS ]p\cp°m\w

ssZhw acn¨hÀ¡v AÛpX§Ä ImWn¨p sImSp¡pIbpw acn¨hÀ Fgpt¶äp \n¶v Ahs\ kvXpXn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (k¦oÀ 88:10). acn¨hÀ ]p\cp°m\w sN¿pt¼mÄ Ahsâ AN©eamb kvt\lw ih¡pgnbn \n¶v {]Jym]n¡s¸Sp¶p (k¦oÀ 88:11). Xs¶ hos­Sp¡p¶h³ Pohn¨ncn¡p¶p F¶pw HSphn Ah³ a®n \n¡psa¶pw Ct¿m_v (Ct¿m_v 19:25) Adnªncp¶p. \mi¯n\v hnt[b\mb tijw Xm³ tZlk¶nlnX\mbn ssZhs¯ ImWpsa¶pw A\y\Ã, Xsâ kz´w I®psIm­p Xm³ Xs¶ Ahs\ ImWpsa¶pw Ct¿m_v Adnªncp¶p (Ct¿m_v 19:25þ27).

{InkvXp acn¨hsc DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â]n¨Xv Ah³ aninlm BbXp sIm­msW¶v \ap¡dnbmw (a¯m 11:4þ5). {InkvXphnsâ Cu Ignhn\v Hcp DZmlcWamWv emkdkv (tbml 11:11). aninlmbpsS DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â]n¡m\pÅ iànsb¡pdn¨pÅ k¦Â]w Ahsâ Ime¯v ]cs¡ Adnbs¸«ncp¶Xpw ‘cWm[nImcnIÄ {]Xo£n¨Xpambncp¶p (a¯m 14:12). \msaÃmhcpw \n{Z sImÅpIbnsöpw A´yImlf\mZ¯n\v FÃmhcpw cq]m´cs¸Spsa¶pw a\Ênem¡s¸«ncp¶p (1 sImdn 15:51). \n{Z sIm­hsc Ahkm\ Znhk§fn hs¶¯p¶ aninlm BßoI icoc§fm¡n amäp¶p (1 sImdn 15:44). \n{Z sIm­hÀ DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¡s¸Spw. IÀ¯mhnsâ {]Xy£X hsc Poht\msS tijn¡p¶hÀ \n{Z sIm­hÀ¡v ap¼msIbnà (1 sXÊ 4:13þ15). IÀ¯mhv {][m\ ZqXsâ i_vZt¯mSpw ssZh¯nsâ Imlft¯mSpw IqSn kzÀK¯n \n¶v Cd§nhcnIbpw {InkvXphn acn¨hÀ aps¼ DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¡pIbpw sN¿pw. ]ns¶ Poht\msS tijn¡p¶hcpw AhtcmSpw tNcpIbpw A§s\ Ft¸mgpw IÀ¯mhnt\mSp IqsS Ccn¡pIbpw sN¿pw (4:16þ17).

]p\cp°m\t¯msS hnip²cpsS Bbnc¯m­pImes¯ hmgvN Bcw`n¡pw. AhÀ Ccp¼p ZWvUp sIm­v P\XIsf ‘cn¡pw (shfn 2:26þ17).

]p\cp°m\¯n hnhmlw D­mbncn¡pIbnà (a¯mbn 22:30). BßobmkvXnXz¯nte¡mWv hnip²·mÀ DbÀ¯s¸«Xv. {InkvXp acn¨Xv \ap¡p th­nbmWv. \n{Zbn \n¶v DWcpt¼mÄ \mw Aht\mSp IqSn Pohn¡pw (1 sXÊ 5:10).

\oXoIcn¡s¸«hÀ am{Xta H¶mw ]p\cp°m\¯n\v A\ptbmPycmIp¶pÅpsh¶v a\Ênemt¡­Xv {][m\amWv. \oXn, \ymbw F¶o AÀ°§fn Htc hm¡p Xs¶bmWv lo{_p `mjbnepÅXv. AXn\m Ah c­pw H¶msW¶mWv a\Ênem¡s¸Sp¶Xv. ]Ým¯m]w tXm¶m¯ hn[apÅ \ymb¯nsâ hfs¨mSn¡Â aqew sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ H¶mw ]p\cp°m\¯n \n¶pw Hgnhm¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p.

5.5 A[À½nIÄ¡pÅ in£

[mÀ½nI ]cnioe\¯nt³dXmb Hcp hyhØbv¡v a\pjy kaqlw hnt[bam¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. Bcpw \in¨p t]mImsX FÃmhcpw am\km´cs¸Sphm³ ssZhw B{Kln¡p¶p (2 ]t{Xmkv 3:9).

ssZhw Ahsâ Bßmhns\ aS¡n FSp¯m kIe PUhpw \in¡pw. a\pjy³ s]mSnbnte¡p aS§nt¨cpw (Ct¿m_v 34:15). AXmbXv Bßmhv CÃm¯XmIp¶p.

Gsd \ÃXmb H¶mw ]p\cp°m\¯n a\pjyhÀKw H¶mbn DbÀ¯s¸SnÃ. Cu ]p\cp°m\¯n D°m\w ssIs¡mÅm¯hÀ aninlbpsS Bbnc¯m­p Imes¯ `cW tijw D­mIp¶ c­mw ]p\cp°m\¯n acW¯n \n¶pw DbÀ¯s¸Spw. Cu {]{Inb \qdp hÀjw \o­p \n¡p¶ \ymbhn[nbpsS ImeL«amWv (sbi 65:20). \ymbhn[nbpsS ]p\cp°m\w (tbml 5:29) Hcp Xncp¯pw Hcp ]mThpamIp¶p. AXv DÄs¡m­psIm­v a\pjyhÀK¯n\p apgph\pw \nXyamb Poh³ ssIs¡mÅp¶Xn\v XbmdmIm³ Ignbpw. \ymbhn[n F¶Xn\v D]tbmKn¨p ImWp¶ lo{_p ]Z¯n\v ‘Xocpam\w’ F¶v AÀ°ap­v.

a\pjysâ {]hr¯nIsf kw_Ôn¨ A`n{]mb§fn \n¶pw Xocpam\§fn \n¶pw BWv Xncp¯v D­mIp¶Xv. AXv in£tbm {]Xn^etam F¶ AÀ°¯nemImw. F¶m ssZhs¯ Adnbp¶Xn\pÅ Ahkcw e‘n¨n«nÃm¯ kmam\y P\s¯ B ImcW¯m ssZhw Hcn¡ew in£n¡m³ hgnbnÃ. A[À½nIsf ITn\]co£W¯n\v hnt[bcm¡pw. c­mw ]p\cp°m\w A\phZn¡p¶ \qdp hÀj§Ä sIm­v AhÀ¡v am\km´cw hcp¶nsæn Ahsc acn¡m³ hnSpIbpw AhcpsS icoc§Ä Aán \cI¯n \in¸n¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿pw (a¯m 5:22, 29, 30, 10:28, 18:9, 23:15, 33, amÀt¡m 9:43, 45, 47, eqt¡m 12:15, bmt¡m 3:6).

\cIw’HELL F¶v ]cn`mj sN¿s¸«n«pÅ aq¶p ]Z§Ä ]pXnb \nba¯nep­v. Fkv Pn Un 86 slbvUvkv (HADES)F¶ ]Zw GXm­v Fkv F¨v Un 7585 jntbmÄ (SHEOL) F¶ ]Z¯nsâ AÀ°w hcp¶XmWv. arXtZl§Ä hbv¡p¶ Ipgn, Asæn ivaim\w Fs¶ms¡ AÀ°w ]dbmw. asäm¶v Fkv Pn Un 1067 sKsl¶ (GEHENNA)F¶ ]ZamWv. AXnsâ aqe]Zw lo{_phmWv. lnt{kmw Xmgvhc F¶s{X AXnsâ AÀ°w. sbdpitean \n¶pÅ ]mgvhkvXp¡fpw P´p¡fpsS ihicoc§fpw FÃmw Iq«nbn«v I¯n¡p¶ Øeambncp¶p AXv. \ymbhn[n¡p tijw, acn¨hcpsS icochpw Bßmhpw sIm­pt]mbnSp¶ \cIw F¶ AÀ°¯n Be¦mcnIambmWv Cu ]Zw {InkvXp D]tbmKn¨n«pÅXv (a¯mbn 10:28). aq¶mas¯ ]Zw KÀ¯w F¶À°w hcp¶ SmÀSmtdmkv (TARTAROS) BIp¶p. Cu KÀ¯¯nemWv, km¯mt\msSm¸w tNÀ¶v ssZhs¯ FXnÀ¯ ZqX·msc XÅnbn«Xv.

\nXyamb in£sb¸än a¯mbn 25:46þ ]dbp¶p. \nXyamb ZWvU\w F¶Xv \nXyamb PohnX¯nsâ hn]coXamWv. AXv acWw Xs¶. F{_mbÀ 10:29þ ]dbp¶ Xc¯nepÅ in£ (TIMORIA)HcÀ°¯n ip²oIcWw Xs¶bmWv. 2 sImdn´yÀ 2:6þ EPITIMIA F¶ ]Zw D]tbmKn¡p¶p. ]uc³ F¶ \nebv¡pÅ HcmfpsS am\yX FSp¯pIfbpI F¶ AÀ°amWv AXn\pÅXv.

acn¨hsc \nXyamb ZWvU\¯n\v hnt[bam¡p¶ Hcp ØeanÃ. H¶mw ]p\cp°m\¯n\v hnip²·mÀ hnfn¡s¸Sp¶Xv aninlbpsS Bbnc¯m­pIme hmgvNbn FÃmhtcbpw ssZhlnXw ]Tn¸n¡m\mIpw. A§s\ \nµ sN¿p¶hscbpw `qX§tfbpw AhcpsS {]hÀ¯n¡\pkcn¨v \ymbhn[n¡v hnt[bam¡pw. Ct¸mÄ \ymbhn[n¡p hnt[bam¡p¶XpsIm­pam{Xw AhÀ ian¡p¶nÃ. AhÀ \n{ZmhØbnemIp¶p.

sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpsS `mKaÃm¯, temI¯n _m¡nbpÅhsc Ct¸mÄ \ymbhn[n¡p hnt[bam¡p¶nÃ. c­mw ]p\cp°m\¯n AhÀ DbÀ¯s¸SpIbpw ssZhnItaÂt\m«¯n³ Iogn AhÀ Xncp¯s¸SpIbpw sN¿pw. (shfn 20:12þ13). c­mas¯ AYhm s]mXp ]p\cp°m\aÃmsX ]n¶oSv asämcp ]p\cp°m\anÃ. am\km´cs¸«hÀ¡v H¶mw ]p\cp°m\¯nse hnip²·mtcmsSm¸w \nXyamb PohnXw \ÂIs¸Spw. am\km´cs¸Sm¯hcmIs« acWs¸SpIbpw AhcpsS icoc§Ä \cImánbn Zln¸n¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿pw. AXn\p tijw acWt¯bpw ]mXmft¯bpw (HADES) CÃmbva sN¿pw (shfn 20:14). aninlmbpsS Xncn¨phchn ZpjvS·mcmbn Pohn¨ncn¡p¶hÀ sImÃs¸SpIbpw (aemJn 4:3) AhÀ c­mw ]p\cp°m\¯n\v kaÀ¸n¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿pw.

{InkvXphns\ \ntj[n¨ ImcWw blqZcpsS ta Npa¯nb in£bmWv c­mw ]p\cp°m\w. kzÀKcmPy¯nsâ ]p{X·mcmbncp¶hÀ Gähpw ]pd¯pÅ Ccpfnte¡v XÅs¸«p (a¯m 8:12). H¶mw ]p\cp°m\t¯msS ssZhoI {]IrXnbn `mK`m¡m¡p¶Xn\p ]Icw Hcp P\X F¶ \nebn AhÀ c­mw ]p\cp°m\¯n\v hn[n¡s¸«hcmbn (]t{Xm 1:4). hnfn¡s¸«hcn Hcp {]tXyI tKm{Xsa¶ Øm\w \ÂInsb¦nepw blqZ·msc H¶mw ]p\cp°m\¯n ]¦ptNcm³ sXcsªSp¯nÃ. hnfn¡s¸«hÀ At\IÀ, sXcsªSp¡s¸«htcm Npcp¡w (a¯mbn 22:13þ14). {InkvXphns\ AwKoIcn¡pIbpw F¶m Ah³ sXcsªSp¯htcmSv \nµyambn s]cpamdpIbpw sN¿p¶hÀ AYhm icnbmb Pm{KX ]peÀ¯m¯hÀ (a¯m 25:30) c­mw ]p\cp°m\¯n\v hn[n¡s¸Spw. ]pd¯m¡s¸«hÀ ]ecp­v (eqt¡m 13:26þ28). H¶mw ]p\cp°m\¯n DÄs¸Sm¯hÀ¡p t]mepw ho­pw Is­¯s¸SpIbpw AhÀ¡v ap³KW\ e`n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. ap¼·mcmbn¯ocp¶ ]n¼·mcp­v, ]n¼·mcmbn¯ocp¶ ap¼·mcpw D­v (eqt¡m 13:30).

A[ymbw 6

k`

6.1 k` F¶m F´v?Bcv?

]mdta Ah³ Xsâ k`sb ]Wnbpsa¶v {InkvXp ]dªp. acW¯nsâ iànIÄ¡v AXns\Xnsc \ne\n¡m\mInà (a¯m 16:18). ssZhamIp¶ ]mdtaemWv k`sb ]Wnªncn¡p¶Xv. hyànIfpsS Hcp Iq«mbvabmWv k`. AsXmcp aµnctam AXns\mcp kwØm]nX LS\tbm CÃ. Häs¸« Hmtcm k`Itfbpw ssZh¯nsâ k` F¶pw hnfn¡s¸Sp¶p (1 sImdn 1:2, 2 sImdn 1:1, AXpt]mse 1 sImdn 11:22 sImdn´ydnse k` t\m¡pI). s]mXphmbn Ah Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv km[mcWbmbn ssZhk`sb¶pw, ssZhk` (At¸m 20:28, KemXy 1:13, 1 Xntam 3:5) Isf¶pw BIp¶p (1 sImdn 11:16, 1 sXkv\n 2:14, 2 sXkv\n 1:4). 1 sImdn 14:13þ ]cmaÀin¡p¶Xp {]Imcw hnip²³amcpsS k`IfnÂ, AXp sI«n¸Sp¯ hyànIsf¸änbpw {]kvXmh\bp­v. k`IÄ ]e CS§fnepw Hmtcm¶pw kz´w Imcy§fn kzbw _m[yXs¸Sp¶hbpw BIp¶p.

hyIvXnItfmtcmcp¯scbpw ssZhw hnfn¡p¶p.  {InkvXphn tNÀ¡p¶p.  Ah³ {InkvXphn\v \ÂIs¸« t]cn Adnbs¸Sp¶p (tbml 17:11, F{_ 2:13, 9:15) IÀ¯mhv c£n¡s¸Sp¶hsc Zn\w{]Xn k`tbmSv tNÀ¯psIm­ncn¡p¶p. (At¸m 2:47) k`IÄ Ah ØnXn sN¿p¶ Øehpambn _Ôs¸«p Adnbs¸Sp¶p. (tdmam 16:1, 1 sImdn 1:2, 1 sXÉ 1:1, 2 sXÊ 1:1, 1 ]t{Xmkv 5:13) Ah an¡hmdpw sNdnb ho«p k`IÄ Bbncn¡pw (1 tdma 16:5þ23, 1 sImdn 16:19. tImem 4:19) {InkvXphns\ kÀh¯n\pw aosX k`bpsS Xebm¡n h¨ncn¡p¶p (Fs^ 1:22). kzÀK¯n hmgvNIÄ¡pw A[nImc§Ä¡pw ssZh¯nsâ _lphn[amb Úm\w k` apJm´ncw Adnhmbncn¡p¶p (Fs^ 3:10).

{InkvXphns\ k`bmIp¶ icoc¯nsâ Xebm¡n FÃmw Ahsâ A[o\Xbm¡nbncn¡p¶p. {InkvXp icoc¯nsâ c£nXmhmbn k`bv¡p th­n kzbw kaÀ¸n¨Xp t]mse Krl\mY³amsc \n§fpw \n§fpsS IpSpw_¯n\p th­n kzbw kaÀ¸n¡phn³ (Fs^ 5:23þ26). Id, Npfp¡w apXembXv H¶pw CÃmsX k`sb ip²bpw \njvIf¦bpambn tXPtÊmsS {InkvXphn\v ap³\nÀt¯­XmIp¶p (Fs^ 5:27). k` {InkvXphn\m t]män]peÀ¯s¸Sp¶p (Fs^ 5:29). {InkvXp k` F¶ icoc¯nsâ Xebpw acn¨hcpsS CSbn \n¶pw BZy\mbn Fgpt¶äh\pw BbXpsIm­v Ah³ kÀthmÂIrjvS\pamIp¶p. k` {InkvXphnsâ icocambncn¡p¶XpsIm­v, aWhmf³ h¶t¸mÄ Hcp§nbncp¶hsct¸mse, {InkvXphns\ ]cnWbn¨ncn¡p¶p (a¯m 25:1þ10, sImsem 1:18þ24). kzÀK¯n t]scgpXnbncn¡p¶ BZyPvRm\³amcpsS k`bnes{X k`bpsS t]À DÄs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶Xv. F{_m 12:23). kXy¯nsâ XqWpw ASnØm\hpamb Poh\pÅ ssZh¯nsâ k`bmIp¶p tZhmebw. BsIbm ssZhk` kXy¯n ASnØm\an«XmIp¶p. ( 1 Xntam 3:15).

6.2 k`m LS\

k` Hcp hyànsb¶t]mse AXnsâ BfpIfpsS kpJt£a§Ä¡v D¯chmZs¸«ncn¡p¶p ( 1 Xntam 5:16). CXv {]mtZinImSnØm\¯nemIp¶p. k`sb \bn¡p¶Xv ktlmZc³amcn {]amWs¸« hr²·mcpw At¸mkvXe·mcpamWv (At¸m 1:22, 26, 6:3, 5þ6, 15:22, 1 sImdn 16:3, 2 sImdn 8:19, 23) Ah³ IÀ¯mhnsâ \ma¯n tcmKnIsf F® ]qin AhÀ¡p th­n {]mÀ°n¡p¶XmIp¶p (bmt¡m 5:14). ]cnip²mßmhv Ahsc ssZh¯nsâ k`sb tabv]m³ A[y£cm¡n h¨ncn¡p¶p (At¸m 20:28). k‘IÄ¡v henb kzbw‘cWmhImiap­v (3 tbml¶m³ 1:9þ10). k`bpsS `cW¨paXe GsäSp¯p \S¯p¶Xv ip{iqjnI·mcpw ip{iqjm¡mc¯nIfpamWv (tdmaÀ 16:1). k`bn AwKoIcn¡s¸«hcmbncn¡Ww AhÀ (^nen 1:1, 1 Xntam 3:8þ13). k`bptSXmbn, {]hmNI·mcptSbpw D]t`màm¡fptSXpaS¡w ]eXcw tPmenIÄ D­v (At¸m 13:1). ]ns¶ AÛpX {]hr¯nIÄ tcmKim´n, klmbw, ]cn]me\w, hnhn[`mjIÄ F¶nhbpw D­v (1 sImdn 12:28). k‘bpsS {]t_m[\§Ä Adnbp¶ ‘mjIfnembncn¡Ww IqSnbncn¡p¶hÀ AXv hymJym\w sNbvXv sImSp¡pIbpw thWw (1 sImdn 14:4þ5). Häs¸« k`Isf¡qSmsX ]pdwtemIs¯ tPmenIÄ¡mbn NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅ injy·mtcbpw, At¸mkvXe·mtcbpw AhcpsS tPmenIfn klmbnt¡­ D¯chmZn¯w k`bptSXmIp¶p (At¸m 14:23, 27 15:3, 4, 22 18:22, 20:17, sImdn 4:17). {InkvXp Hmtcm k‘IÄ¡pw AXnsâ taÂt\m«¡mcmb ZqX³amÀ¡pw sXcsªSp¯hsc amXrIbm¡n tkh\w sN¿p¶Xn\pÅ IrXyamb ktµiw sImSp¯n«p­v (shfn 2:1, 8, 12, 18, 3:1, 7, 14). ssZ\wZn\ hyhlmc§fn Xocpam\n¡m³ k` km[mcW¡mcmb AwK§sf NpaXes¸Sp¯p¶p, ZqX·msc hn[n¡p¶Xn\v Ahsc {]m]vXcm¡m³ th­nbmWv (1 sImdn 6:4).

6.3 k`bpsS e£yhpw [À½hpw

tbip {InkvXphns\ \ntbmKn¨Xp t]mse ssZhcmPy¯nsâ kphntij {]Jym]\w XpSÀ¶psIm­pt]mhpI F¶XmIp¶p k`bpsS {]mYanIamb [À½w (a¯mbn 4:17, 10:7, 11:1, amÀt¡m 1:38þ29, 3:14, 16:15, eqt¡m 4:43, 9:60).

k` {]tLmjn¡p¶Xv FfnbhtcmSv kZzÀ¯am\w tLmjn¸m\pw, XIÀ¶ lrZb§fpsS apdnhv sI«phm\pw. XShpImÀ¡p hnSpXepw, _²·mÀ¡v kzmX{´yhpw (sbi 61:1) IpcpS·mÀ¡v ImgvNbpw (eqt¡m 4:18) tcmKnIÄ¡v kuJyhpw \ÂIphm\pw BIp¶p (eqt¡m 9:2).

k` kphntijw {]tLmjn¡p¶Xv IÀ¯mhnsâ {]`mk hÀjw {]kwKn¡m\pw (eqt¡m 4:19) Pohn¡p¶hÀ¡pw acn¨hÀ¡pw \ymbm[n]Xnbmbn ssZh¯m \nban¡s¸«h\mIp¶p {InkvXp F¶p km£ys¸Sp¯m\pamWv (At¸m 10:42).

k`Isf tabv¡pI F¶XmIp¶p k`m[y£·mcpsS c­mas¯ e£yw (At¸m 20:28). AhÀ F§pw GXp k`bnepw D]tZin¡phm³ bXv\n¡p¶p (sImdn 4:7). k`bpsS hfÀ¨bv¡v klmbIambn 1 sImdn 12:28 \ÂIp¶ D]lmc§sf D]tbmKs¸Sp¯mhp¶XmIp¶p. Cu Bßotbm]lmc§sf AXypÕmlt¯mSp IqSn hfÀ¯nsbSp¯v k`bpsS hfÀ¨bv¡mbn D]tbmKs¸Spt¯­XmIp¶p (1 sImdn 14:12). kz´w IpSpw_w \¶mbn ‘cn¡p¶h³ ssZhk`bpsS ^e{]Zamb ]cn]me\¯n\v Hcp \à hgnIm«nbmbncn¡pw ( 1 Xntam¯n 3:5).

6.4. hnip²oIcWw

]cnip²mßmhn\m hnip²³amcpsS hnip²nbntebv¡v hnfn¨p tNÀ¡s¸« B k`IÄ ssZh¯m ]cnip²am¡s¸«v {InkvXphn kq£n¡s¸«pw Ccn¡p¶p (bqZm 1)

ssZhw \nbacà¯mepw tbip {InkvXphnsâ icoc¯mepw hnip²sc hnip²oIcn¨ncn¡p¶p (F{_m 10:29) ]ns¶ hnip²À Úm\kv\m\¯n c£n¡s¸Sp¶p (1 sImdn 6:11). C{]Imcw ]cnip²mßmhv \½psS ssZh¯nsâ BßmhmIp¶p. tbip {InkvXphnsâ \ma¯n sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ ssZhhnizmk¯m ip²oIcn¡s¸SpIbpw Ahsâ XymK¯m IgpIs¸SpIbpw sNbvXpsImÅp¶p (At¸m 26:18).

sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ¡v ImcpWyt¯msS am¸p sImSp¡pIbpw hnizmk¯neqsS AhcpsS Øm\w \ne\nÀ¯pIbpw sN¿pIbm k`bpw, IpSp_hpw Hcpt]mse ]ckv]cw hnip²oIcn¡s¸Sp¶p (1 sImdn 7:14). A§s\ AhnizmknIfmb Z¼XnIfpw AhcpsS Ip«nIfpw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcm hnip²oIcn¡s¸Sp¶p. sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ, {InkvXphn Hcp icocambXn\mÂ, {InkvXphnsâ icoc¯n hnip²oIcn¡s¸Sp¶p (tdma 12:5, sImdn 12:20þ27). AXpsIm­v hnip²oIcWw kwØm]nX LS\Isf B{ibn¨ncn¡p¶nÃ.

A[ymbw 7

ssZhcmPyw

7.1 ssZhcmPy¯nsâ Øm]\w

aninlmbpsS hcthmsS ap\v {]hNn¨ {]Imcw ChnsS \ne\n¡p¶ FÃm cmPXz§sfbpw XIÀ¯p \in¸n¡pIbpw A§s\ Fs¶t¶¡pambn ChnsS ssZhcmPyw Øm]n¡pIbpw sN¿pw (Zm\ntb 2:44). tbip ssZhcmPy¯nsâ kphntijw {]kwKn¡pIbpw ssZhcmPyw ssIh¶Xmbn ]dbpIbpw sNbvXp (amÀt¡m 1:14, 15). AXpsIm­v cmPyw c­v AhØIfnemWpÅXv. BZyt¯Xv BßobcmPyhpw c­mat¯Xv aninlmbpsS Iogn kl{km_vZ Imew \ne\n¡p¶ `uXnI cmPyhpw.

7.1.1. BßobcmPyw

s]´t¡mkvXv 30 F Un hsc C{ktbense hfsc¡pd¨p {]hmNI·mÀ¡pw t\Xm¡Ä¡pw am{Xta ]cnip²mßmhns\ sImSp¯n«pÅq. AXpw Hcp {]tXyI ZuXy¯n\p th­n. F Un 30 apX A\yaXØÀ¡v k‘mwKXzw sImSp¡p¶Xp hsc asämcp P\Xbpw ]cnip²mßmhns\ t\Snbn«nÃ. AXn\m FÃmhcpw shfn]mSv 20:4 {]Imcw c­mat¯tXm s]mXphmbtXm Bb ]p\cp°m\t¯mSv _Ôs¸«ncn¡p¶p.

{InkvXphnsâ acW tijw s]´t¡mkvXv \mÄ (F Un 30) h¶t¸mÄ ssZhcmPy¯nsâ BZy]Sn F¶ \nebn ]cnip²mßmhns\ a\pjyÀ¡p \ÂIn (At¸m 2:1þ4). ssZhcmPyw iàntbmsS hcp¶Xv AhÀ I­p (amÀt¡m 9:1). ssZhcmPys¯ inip F¶ t]mse FfnatbmsSbpw Úm\mkàntbmSp IqsSbpw kzoIcnt¡­XmIp¶p (amÀt¡m 10:15). HcmÄ ho­pw, shůmepw Bßmhn\mepw P\n¨nà F¦n ssZhcmPy¯n IS¡m³ IgnbpIbnà (tbml 3:3þ5).

ssZhcmPy¯nsâ aÀ½§sf Adnbphm\pÅ hcw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ¡pw Úm\nIÄ¡pambn ]cnip²mßmhn\m \ÂIs¸«ncn¡p¶p. AXn\memWv ss__nÄ D]aIfn FgpXs¸«ncn¡p¶Xv (eqt¡m 8:10). ssZhcmPyw £Whpw ]m\obhpaÃ, \oXnbpw kam[m\hpw ]cnip²mßmhns³d kt´mjhpw As{X (tdmaÀ 14:17). AXv hN\¯neÃ, iànbnes{X (1 sImdn 4:20). AX\p‘hn¡p¶hÀ Gähpw ap¼mbn ssZhcmPy¯n IS¡p¶p. AX\p‘hn¡p¶ ]m]nIÄ \oXnam·tc¡Ä apt¼ kzoIcn¡s¸Sp¶p (a¯m 21:31þ32). sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ hnfn¡s¸Sp¶Xv Adnhnsâ s]mXphmb hnXcW¯neqsSbmIp¶p. hn¯pIfpsS D]abn ]dªt]mse (a¯m 13:3þ9). AXp ]c¶p InS¡p¶Xpw BßmhneqsS AXymkàntbmsS kzoIcn¡s¸Sp¶Xpw BIp¶p (a¯m 13:44þ46). AXpsIm­v hnfn¡s¸«hÀ At\IÀ XncsªSp¡s¸«htcm Npcp¡w (a¯m 20:16, 22:14). Cu Blzm\w XncsªSp¡s¸«hscsb¶t]mse ]pcpjmct¯bpw Iq«p¶p. F¶m aninlmbpsS hcthmsS Asæn acW¯n\p tijapÅ ]p\cp°m\t¯msS Imew hcpt¼mÄ Ahsc thÀXncns¨Sp¡p¶p (a¯m 13:25þ30, 36, 30, 40, 47þ50). ap³ \nban¨hsc hnfn¨pw hnfn¨hsc \oXoIcn¨pw \oXoIcn¨hsc tXPkvIcn¨pancn¡p¶p (tdma 8:29).

ssZhcmPyw ]cnip²mßmhn\m {]Zm\w sN¿s¸«t¸mÄ AsXmcp ISpIpaWn \«v h³acambn hfcp¶Xp t]msetbm ]pfn¨v amhv ]pfn¸n¡p¶Xp t]msetbm BIp¶p (a¯m 13:31, 32). BIbm ssZh¯n\v kIe¯nepw kIehpw Bbn¯ocm³ km[yamIp¶p (sImdn 15:28) (amÀjensâ interlinear Fs^kyÀ 4:6 ImWpI).

aps¼ Ah\hsâ cmPyhpw \oXnbpw At\zjn¸n³, AtXmSp IqsS CsXms¡bpw \n§Ä¡p In«pw (a¯m 6:33). ssZh¯n\m `qX§sf ]pd¯m¡p¶psh¦ntem ssZhcmPyw \n§fpsS ASp¡Â hs¶¯nbncn¡p¶p F¶v kv]jvSw (a¯m 12:28). ]cnip²mßmhneqsS ssZhcmPyw \ne\nÀ¯p¶Xn\p th­n Gähpw BZyw sNt¿­¶Xv ssZthÑ A\pkcn¨v {]hÀ¯n¡pI F¶XmIp¶p AXv th­hn[w D]tbmKs¸Sp¯nbnà F¦n AXv \n§fpsS ]¡Â \n¶pw FSp¯v AXnsâ ^ew ImWn¡p¶ aäpÅhÀ¡v sImSp¡pw (a¯m 21:31, 43).

ssZhcmPyw ImW¯¡hn[aà hcp¶Xv, F¶m AXv BfpIfpsS DÅn Xs¶ D­tÃm (eqt¡m 17:20þ21). kzÀKcmPyw F¶p ]dbp¶ ssZhcmPyw IÀ¯mhmb {InkvXphnsâ {]bXv\¯m In«nbXÃ, adn¨v ]nXmhmb ssZh¯nsâ CjvSw sNbvXXn\mWv (a¯m 7:21). ssZh¯nsâ CjvSw Gähpw Xmgvabmbn sN¿p¶ Hcph³ kzÀKcmPy¯ne Gähpw henbh\mbn hcp¶p (a¯m 18:3,4).

ssZhcmPy¯n\pÅ AhImi¯n \n¶pw Hgnhm¡nbhsc ]änbpÅ {]tXyIamb kqN\ 1 sImdn´yÀ 6:9þ10, KemXyÀ 5:21, Fs^kyÀ 18:3þ4 Chbn D­v.

7.1.2 {InkvXphnsâ kl{km_vZ hmgvN

shfn]mSv 20:2þ7þ aninlmbpsS kl{km_vZ hmgvNsb¸än {]tXyIw kqNn¸n¨n«p­v. Bbncw hÀjImes¯bmWv kl{km_vZw (MILLENNIUM) F¶XpsIm­v kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv.

7.1.2.1 aninlmbpsS Xncn¨phchv

aninlmbpsS hcthmsS ss__nfnsâ hyhØIÄ ]p\Øm]n¡s¸Sp¶Xmbn skJ¿mhv 14:4þ ImWmw. ZrjvSm´IYIfneqsS {InkvXp shfns¸Sp¯nbXv Ah\v ZqctZit¯¡p t]mbn«v aS§nhtc­Xp­v F¶mWv (eqt¡m 19:12).

aninlm Heohpaebn hcpw. sXcsªSp¡s¸«htcmSp tNÀ¶v Ah³ Xsâ ‘cWw \S¸m¡pw. Ah³ ZmhoZnsâ hoWpt]mb IqSmcs¯ ho­pw ]Wnbpw (At¸m 15:16). im_¯S¡apÅ ss__nÄ hyhØIÄ Ah³ ]p\Øm]n¡pw, Aamhmknbpw B­p hnip² Zn\Imehpw. `qanbnse kIe hwi§fnepw Bsc¦nepw IqSmcs¸cp¶mÄ BNcn¸m³ bcpitean hcm¯]£w AhÀ¡v agbp­mhpIbnà (skJ¿mhv 14:16þ19). aninlmbpsS hchv henb ASbmf§tfmSpw AÛpX§tfmSpw almiàntbmsSbpw tXPtÊmsSbpw Bbncn¡pw (a¯m 24:27, 30, shfn 1:7). Ahsâ Xncn¨phchv hfsc {]IShpw kzÀKobamb ASbmf§fpsS AI¼SntbmsSbpw Bbncn¡pw (shfn 6:12). BImi¯nse iànIÄ CfInt¸mIpw. kqcy³ Ccp­p t]mIpw. N{µ³ {]Imcw sImSp¡mXncn¡pw (a¯m 24:29, At¸m 2:20). a\pjy]p{X³ kÀhiàsâ heXp `mK¯v Ccp¯s¸Spw. Ah³

BImitaL§sf hml\am¡n hcpw. C{]Imcw ssZhw {InkvXphn\v iàn \ÂIp¶p (a¯m 26:64, amÀt¡mkv 14:62, eqt¡mkv 21:27, At¸m 1:11).

{InkvXp Xsâ {][m\ ZqXsâ i_vZt¯mSpw A´yImlf [z\ntbmSpw IqSn kzÀK¯n \n¶v Cd§nhcpw (1 sXÊ 4:16þ17, shfn 11:15).

a\pjy]p{X³ FÃm tXPtÊmSpw IqSn hnip²·mcn alXzs¸tS­Xn\p th­n ZqX·tcmsSm¸w hcpt¼mÄ (1 sXÊ 1:10) kIe PmXnIfpw Ahsâ ap¶n IqSpw. Ah³ Ahsc thÀXncn¨p \nÀ¯n ssIImcyw sN¿pw (a¯m 25:31þ46).

ssZhcmPy¯nte¡v sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ¡v am\km´c¯neqsSbpw Úm\kv\m\¯neqsSbpw ]cnip²mßmhns\ \ÂIp¶p. ssZhIÂ]\{]Imcw AhÀ {InkvXphnsâ hchn DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¡pw. CXmWv H¶mas¯ ]p\cp°m\w. acn¨hcn tijapÅhÀ Bbncw hÀjw Ignbpthmfw Pohn¡pIbnÃ. CXv c­mw ]p\cp°m\w (shfn 20:4) aninlmbpsS hchnsâ {]Xo£bpw ImcWhpw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcmWv (1 sXÊ 2:19, shfn 22:20). kXyt¯mSpÅ kvt\lw c£n¡s¸Sphm³ A\nhmcyamIp¶p (2 sXÊ 2:10). ho­pw {]Xy£ys¸Sp¶ A[À½aqÀ¯nsb IÀ¯mhmb tbip Xsâ hmbnse izmk¯m \in¸n¡pw (2 sXÊ 2:8). aninlm hcp¶ kabw AdnªpIqSm¯Xn\m Dd§msX kZm DWÀ¶ncn¡m³ k‘bv¡v ap¶dnbn¸v \ÂIs¸«n«p­v. (amÀt¡m 13:35þ37), shfn 3:3, 11). \ymbhn[n¡mbn {InkvXp `qanbnte¡v aS§nhcp¶p. ssZh¯nsâ IÂ]\Isf \ncmIcn¡p¶ FÃmhtcmSpw Ah³ t]mcmSpw. (k¦oÀ 96:13, shfn 19:11). {InkvXp Xncn¨p hcnIbpw a\pjy kapZmb¯n Hmtcmcp¯À¡pw Ah\hsâ {]hÀ¯n¡p X¡h®w {]Xn^ew sImSp¡pIbpw sN¿pw (shfn 22:12).

7.1.2.2. C{ktbensâ GIoIcWw

aninlmbpsS Xncn¨phcthmsS C{ktb cmPy¯nse sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpw c£n¡s¸«hcpw (Ahcn Nnesc ]ptcmlnX·mcmbn FSpt¯¡pw) `qanbpsS \mep Zn¡n \n¶pw sbcpitean H¶n¨p IqSpw (sbi¿m 11:12, 66:19þ21).

7.1.2.3 IÀ¯mhnsâ Znhkw

IÀ¯mhnsâ \mÄ hcp¶Xn\p ap¼p Xs¶ ssZht¯mSpÅ FXnÀ¸pw hnizmk¯IÀ¨bpw kXy¯n \n¶pw \oXnbn \n¶papÅ hyXnNe\hpw sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpsS CSbn {]ISamIpw. \mitbmKy\pw A[À½aqÀ¯nbpambpÅh³ shfns¸Sp¶p (2 sXÊ 2:3þ8). Ah³ ssZhmeb¯n Ccp¶psIm­v ssZhw F¶p \Sn¡p¶p. Ah³ IÀ¯mhmb tbiphn\m sImÃs¸Spw.

sbcpiteant\mSp bp²w sN¿p¶ kIetcbpw ssZhw \in¸n¡pw. \mi¯n\p hnt[bamIp¶ P\§Ä kw{`m´cmIpIbpw AhÀ kz´w Iq«pImÀs¡Xnsc XncnbpIbpw sN¿pw (skJ 14:12þ13). A{]Xo£nXnambn«mIpw CXp kw`hn¡pI (1 sXÊ 5:2).

ssZhw GÂ]n¡p¶ \mi¯m `qanbmsI `b¶p hndbv¡pw. A´y Znhk¯n ssZhw sNmcnbp¶ A\À°§fnepw ZpcnX§fnepw `b¶v a\pjyÀ ]ÀhX§fnepw ]mdIÄ¡nSbnepw Hfn¡pw (shfn 6:15þ17, 8:7þ21, 16:1þ20).

Bbncw hÀj§Ä \o­p\n¡p¶ ssZh¯nsâ Znhkw Ahkm\n¡pt¼mÄ AXv \ap¡dnbmhp¶Xpt]mse Cu `qanbptSbpw Ahkm\ambncn¡pw. `qan Aánbm Zln¡pIbpw (2 ]t{Xm 3:7þ10, 12) A§s\ a\pjyhmk¯nt³dXmb FÃm e£W§fpw XpS¨p \o¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿pw.

IÀ¯mhnsâ Znhk¯nse \S]Sn{Ia§Ä apgph³ `qansb \ymbhn[n¡p hnt[bam¡p¶Xn\pw a\pjycminsb Xncp¯p¶Xn\pw th­nbmIp¶p (bqZm 14þ16). sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcn ]m]w sN¿p¶hsc ho­pw temIhyhØbnte¡v Xncn¨b¡pIbpw Ahsc IÀ¯mhnsâ Znhk¯n c­mw ]p\cp°m\¯n am\km´cs¸Sp¯n c£n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (1 sImdn 5:5). C§s\ BsI c­v ]p\cp°m\w am{XtabpÅq.

7.1.3 \nXyamb ssZhcmPyw

7.1.3.1. ssZh¯nsâ hchv

{InkvXp FÃm hmgvNbv¡pw A[nImc¯n\pw iàn¡pw \o¡w hcp¯nb tijw cmPyw ]nXmhmb ssZhs¯ Xncn¨v GÂ]n¡pw (1 sImdn 15:24, 28). At¸mÄ ssZhw `qanbn hcnIbpw ChnsS kzÀKhmgvN sIm­phcnIbpw sN¿pw. `qan apgph³ ssZh¯nsâ alXzw sIm­pw tXPÊpsIm­pw \ndbpw (sbi¿mhp 6:3). kÀhià\mb ssZhhpw IpªmSpw B temIhyhØbpsS hnf¡pIfmbncn¡pw.

7.1.3.2. ]pXnb `qanbpw ]pXnb sbcpiteapw

]n¶oSv ssZhw ]pXnb `qanbpw ]pXnb BImihpw krjvSn¡psa¶v sbi¿mhp 65:17þ ]dbp¶p. ]pXnb temIhyhØbn C{ktbensâ hn¯v (sbi 66:22). Bbnc¯m­nsâ Ahkm\w FÃm P\§fpw \in¡p¶Xp hsc ssZh¯n\p ap¶n \ne\n¡pw. ssZhw kotbm\nte¡p aS§nhcnIbpw AXv kXy\Kcsa¶p hnfn¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿pw (skJ 8:3). ]pXnb sbcpitew \Kcw kzÀK¯n \n¶v Cd§n hcpw (shfn 3:12). Cu ]pXnb sbcpitew F¶ hnip² \Kcw

]pXnb BImihpw ]pXnb `qanbpw krjvSn¡s¸Sp¶tXmsS kzÀK¯n \n¶pw ssZh k¶n[nbn \n¶pw hnip² \Kcw Cd§n hcpw (shfn 21:1þ4, 7, 10). At¸mÄ ssZhw FÃm a\pjytcmSpw IqSn hkn¡pw. ]gb Imcy§sfm¶pw HmÀ½n¡s¸SpIbpanà (sbi 65:17). Ahsâ hmKvZ¯{]Imcw \oXn hkn¡p¶ ]pXnb BImi¯n\pw ]pXnb `qan¡pambn \mw Im¯ncn¡p¶p (2 ]t{Xm 3:13).

7.1.3.3. a\pjyhÀK¯nsâ `mhn

sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ¡v kl{km_vZIme hmgvNbn `qansb `cn¡m\pÅ AhImiw \ÂIs¸Spw (eqt¡m 19:17,19). ssZhZqX·msct¸msebmbncn¡pw AhÀ (a¯mbn 22:30). AhÀ ssZh¯nsâ ]p{X·msc¶ \nebn ssZhs¯ ImWpw (a¯m 5:3þ11). Cu Øm\w FÃm cmPy§fnepÅhÀ¡pw \ÂIs¸Spw (a¯m 8:11). CXv ]nXmhmb ssZh¯nsâ {]kmZamWv (eq¡v 12:32). ssZh¯nsâ Bßmhn\m \bn¡s¸Sp¶hscÃmw Xs¶ ssZh¯nsâ ]p{X·mcmIp¶p (tdma 8:14).

aninlbpsS kl{km_vZIme hmgvN a\pjy kapZmbs¯ A´naamb D¯chmZnXztasäSp¡p¶Xn\v Hcp¡m\pÅ Hcp ]mTy]²Xn am{XamIp¶p. A§ns\ `qanbpsS ASn¯dbn«Xn\p apt¼ \nÝbn¡s¸« ssZh¯nsâ ]²Xn ]qÀ¯oIcn¡s¸Sp¶p.

A´naambn a\pjykapZmbw ssZhZqX·mcpsS ]pXnb tI{µoIrX temIhyhØbn AhcpsS Øm\w GsäSp¡m³ Hcpt§­Xp­v. (k¦o 8:1þ9), (Zm\n 2:44þ45). ]pXnb {]]©LS\tbbpw `cn¡pI F¶ AhcpsS icnbmb P·mhImiw AhÀ ssIbmtf­Xp­v (Zm\n 7:27, 12:3).

A\p_Ôw

{XnXzhmZ¯nte¡v Bßmhv

{XnXzhmZnIÄ tbip {InkvXphnsâ AhXmc¯nse ]m]tamN\anXXzs¯ ssZhivkv{X¯n \n¶p thÀXncn¨p. {XnXzkn²m´¯nsâ hnImkhpw ]m]tamN\]²Xnbn \n¶v ssZhimkv{X¯nsâ thÀ ]ncnbepw ssIImcyw sN¿pt¼mÄ La Cugna (GOD FOR US The trinity and christian Life, Harper, San Francisco, 1991) ]dbp¶Xv I¸tUmjnb³ImÀ ssZhimkv{Xs¯ ]m]tamN\LS\bpambn AXns\ thÀXncn¡p¶ Hcp Znibnte¡v \bn¨p F¶XmWv. Cu t£]]Yw AYhm KXn kzm`mhnIambpw \bn¨Xv Pseudo-Dionysius- sâ sXämb hgnbnte¡pw AhnsS \n¶v Ahkm\w {KnKdnbps#S (Gregory of Palamas) ssZhimkv{X¯nte¡pamWv (A[ymbw 6).

]Ýna e¯o³ cmPy§fn \n¡mbnbbptSXn\v sXm«p]n¶mse h¶ ImeL«¯n lnemcnsb (Hilary of Portiers) t]mepÅ ssZhimkv{XÚ·mÀ, At§bäw amÀkÃkv (Marcellus of Ancyra) hscbpÅhÀ, ssZhnIXbpsS aqeXXzhpw ]m]tamN\]²Xnbpw X½nepÅ _Ôw \ne\nÀ¯n. AKss̳ XnI¨pw \qX\amb Hcp kao]\¯n\v XpS¡an«p. At±l¯nâ kao]\¯nsâ ASnØm\w ]nXmhmb ssZh¯nsâ kÀhm[n]Xyw F¶Xmbncp¶nÃ. adn¨v ssZhoIXzw aq¶p t]À¡nSbn Xpeyambn hn`Pn¡s¸Sp¶p F\v \ne]mSmbncp¶p (Du¶Â Iq«nt¨À¯Xv).

{InkvXphnsâ AhXmc¯nepw Bßmhnsâ ssZhXzmtcm]W¯nepw (Du¶Â Iq«nt¨À¯Xv) shfns¸Sp¶hn[apÅ ssZhimkv{X¯nsâ kz`mh¯nte¡v Nqgv¶nd§p¶Xn\p ]Icw Hmtcm a\pjysâbpw Bßmhn ImWs¸Sp¶ {XnXz¯nsâ ASbmf§sf¸änbmWv AKss̳ At\zjn¨Xv. {XnXz¯nse LSI§Ä X½nepÅ _Ô¯n\v a\Èmkv{X]camb kmZriy§Ä Is­¯m³ At±lw {ian¨p. {XnXz kn²m´w C\napX ssZhXXz¯nsâ B´cnI _Ô§sf¡pdn¨pÅ Nn´bmbncn¡Wsa¶ At±l¯nsâ \ne]mSv Bßmhnse {InkvXphneqsS \mw ssZhs¯¡pdn¨v a\Ênem¡p¶Xns\Xncmbncp¶p (LaCugna P 44).

a[yIme emän³ ssZhimkv{Xw AKssÌs\bmWv ]n´pSÀ¶Xv. AXn\m ssZhimkv{X¯nsâ LS\ ]qÀWambpw \h ¹mtämWnk¯nepw anÌnknk¯nepw IqSn¡eÀ¶Xmbn.

La Cugna bpsS {][m\ Bib§Ä AKssÌ\n \n¶pÅXmWv. ]nXmhn\v ]ca{]m[m\yansöpw {XnXz¯nse LSI§Ä¡v XpeyXbmWpÅsX¶pw BWv AXn apJyw. kl\nXyXsb kw_Ôn¨ sXämb [mcWsb ]n´pSÀ¶pÅ c­mas¯ NphSphbv]mWnXv. Hmtcm hyànbnepw ssZhnIXzw {]ISamsW¶pw ]cnip²mXamhp hgn tbip {InkvXphneqsSbmWv ]nXmhnsâ CÑIÄ \nÀKfn¡p¶Xv F¶pw am{XamWv ssZhnIX kw_Ôn¨ icnbmb hkvXpX.

]cnip²mßmhnsâ DÛhw tbip {InkvXphn \n¶Ã. {InkvXp CSbnepÅ Hcp {]t_m[I\mbncp¶p. ssZh¯nsâ CÑb\pkcn¨v FÃmbvt]mgpsa¶t]mse Ah³ ssZh¯n\p th­n {]hÀ¯n¨p.

F¶m Ah³ ssZhambncp¶nÃ. {XnXzhmZnIÄ Cu kXyw a\Ênem¡nbncp¶nÃ. La Cugna ]dbp¶Xp t]mse

GIssZhw F¶ Nn´bn ss{XIXz¯ntâXmb ssZhimkv{Xw ]n¶oSv Iq«nt¨À¯Xp t]mse tXm¶p¶p (t]Pv 44).

CXv ASnØm\]camb {InkvXym\nIfpsS {]mÀ°mcoXnbnsb _m[n¨p.

AXmbXv AhcpsS {]mÀ°\ ]nXmhmb ssZht¯mSp am{Xambncp¶nà (a¯mbn 6:6,9). ss__nÄ \nÀt±in¡p¶ t]mse ]p{Xsâ t]cn (eqt¡m 11:12þ \n¶v) ]nXmhns\ Bcm[n¡p¶Xn\v (tbml 4:23). ]Icw AhÀ ]nXmhnt\bpw ]p{Xt\bpw ]cnip²mßmhnt\bpw Bcm[n¨p. am{Xaà C¯cw Bcm[\bv¡v ASnØm\amb Hcp ssZhimkv{Xw Xs¶ ]WvUnX·mÀ hnIkn¸ns¨Sp¯p. ]t£, ss__nfn\p hncp²amtbm ss__nfns\ ZpÀhymJym\w sNbvtXm BWv Cu \nKqVXXzÚm\w ]Sp¯pbÀ¯nbXv. CXpsIm­mWv {XnXzhmZnIÄ ss__nfnse hm¡pIsf t\cn«v D²cn¡m¯Xv. AXn\p ]Icw AhÀ aäp {][m\ {KÙ§sf sXämbn hnhÀ¯\w sN¿pItbm sXämbn D²cn¡pItb sN¿p¶p. AhcpsS ssZhimkv{X ]²Xn anÌnknkt¯bpw ¹mtämWnk¯nt\bpw ASnØm\am¡nbXmWv. La Cugna ]dbp¶p:

ssZh¯n\v ]p{X\pambpÅ (]cnip²mßmhpambpw) _Ôs¯ ssZhoIm´cobamb (Intradivine) Xe¯n I­psIm­v I¸mtUmjy·mÀ (AKssÌ\pw) thZ]pkvXI¯n ]dªXn \n¶pw A¸pdw IS¶pt]mbn (t]Pv 54).

Htc ssZhw Xs¶ OUSIA F¶ \nebn aq¶p Hypostasesepw (apeXXzw) ØnXn sN¿p¶p. ¹mtämWnIv ]Zamb OUSIA F¶Xn\pw tÌmbnIv ]Zamb HYPOSTASES F¶Xn\pw Hmtcm AÀ°w Xs¶bmWpÅXv.

ssZhoIm´cob (intradivine) Xe¯nse {]hÀ¯\¯n \n¶pw Bßmhns\ amän\nÀ¯nbXnsâ AÀ°w ssZh{]IrXnbn {InkvXp `mK`m¡mhp¶Xp t]mse sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ¡v `mK`m¡mhm³ Ignbnà F¶pÅXmWv. Cu [mcW Xncpshgp¯n\v hncp²ambXmIp¶p. sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ¡v XoÀ¨bmbpw Znhy {]IrXbpsS `mK`m¡mhm³ Ignbp¶p (2 ]t{Xmkv 1:4).

Fs^kyÀ 1:22 {]Imcw ssZhw FÃmänt\bpw {InkvXphnsâ Im¡ognehm¡pIbpw Ahs\ FÃmänepw aosX Xebm¡n k`bv¡v sImSp¡pIbpw sNbvXncn¡p¶p.

ssZhw {InkvXphns\,

acn¨hcpsS CSbn \n¶v DbnÀ¸n¡pIbpw kzÀK¯n Xsâ heXp `mK¯v FÃm hmgvNbv¡pw A[nImc¯n\pw iàn¡pw IÀXrXz¯n\pw Cu temI¯n am{Xaà hcphm\pÅXnepw hnfn¡s¸Sp¶ kIe \ma¯n\pw AXy´w aosX Ccp¯pIbpw kÀhhpw Ahsâ Im¡ogn h¨p Ahs\ kÀh¯n\pw aosX Xebm¡n FÃmänepw FÃmw \ndbv¡p¶hsâ \ndhmbncn¡p¶ Ahsâ icocamb k`bv¡v sImSp¡pIbpw sNbvXncn¡p¶p.

\maw kzbw A[nImcw DÄs¡mÅp¶Xn\m FÃm \ma¯n\pw aosX {InkvXphn\v A[nImcw \ÂInbncn¡p¶p. FÃm hkvXp¡Ä¡p taepw Ah\v A[nImcw \ÂInbncn¡p¶Xn\m ssZhXz¯nsâ kÀhk¼qÀWXbpw tZlcq]ambn hkn¡p¶ {InkvXphneqsS k`bv¡v AhcpsS A[oiXzw e`n¡p¶p (sImsem 2:9). Godhead F¶Xns\bmWv ssZhXzw F¶v ChnsS XÀPa sNbvXncn¡p¶Xv. Godhead F¶XmIs« theotetos F¶Xnsâ XÀPabmWv. tZhX, ssZhnIX Fs¶ms¡ AXn\v AÀ°ap­v.

C¸mÄ, ssZhw AXnsâ ZnhnXz¯n \n¶v k¯ AXnsâ KpW¯n \ns¶¶t]mse hnXykvXamsW¶v XmsbÀ ]dbp¶p (Thayer’s page 288). CXnsâ AÀ°w ssZh¯nsâ k¯ AXnsâ ]qÀWXbn imcocnIambn {InkvXphn ØnXn sNbvXp F¶mWv. k¯bpsS Cu ]qÀWXbmWv \aps¡Ãmw \ÂIs¸«n«pÅXv. X·qew a\pjy·mÀs¡Ãmw ssZh¯nsâ ]pXnb {]IrXs¯ [cn¡m\mIp¶p (sImsem 3:10). Ahcn bh\s\t¶m sblpZs\t¶m CÃ;{InkvXp FÃmhcnepw FÃmw BIp¶p (sImsem 3:11).

Ah³, ssZhw kIe¯nepw kIehpambncn¡p¶Xn\p th­n ]cnip²mßmhnsâ iànbm a\pjysc ]cnhÀ¯n¸n¡pw (1 sImdn 15:28).

FÃmw Ah\v Iogvs¸Spt¼mÄ FÃmänt\bpw X\n¡p Iogm¡nb ]p{X\pw Ah\v AXmbXv ssZh¯n\v Iogvs¸Sp¶p [kIe¯nepw kIew sI sP hn] [amÀjensâ CâÀeo\nbÀ, sImsem 3:11 F¶nh ImWpI]

{XnXzhmZnIÄ Cu ss__nÄ `mKs¯ kIehpw kIeÀ¡pw F¶v hnhÀ¯\w sN¿m³ XpS§nbn«p­v. {InkvXphns\¶ t]mse ssZhw F¶ k¯ FÃmhcnte¡pw F¯s¸«ncn¡p¶p F¶ bpàn]qÀhamb AÀ°s¯ AhÀ Hgnhm¡p¶p.

ssZh¯nsâ \ndhv \½n \ndbv¡p¶Xv {InkvXphmWv (F s^ 3:19). {InkvXphnsâ \ndhv ]nXmhnsâ Hcp {]Xncq]amIp¶p (Fs^ 4:13). AXpsIm­p Xs¶ {InkvXphns\t¸mse \½fpw ]nXmhnsâ Hcp {]Xncq]amIp¶p. A§s\ \mw ssZh¯nsâ ]p{X·mcpw {InkvXpthmsSm¸w ssZhcmPy¯nsâ Iq« AhIminIfpw BIp¶p (tdmaÀ 8:17; bmt¡m_v 2:5). ]m]tamN\¯nsâ hmKvZm\{]Imcw \mw (Ke 3:29; F{_ 1:14) Pohsâ Ir]bv¡v Iq«hIminIfmIp¶p (1 ]t{Xm 3:17).

ssZh]p{X³ Hcp \nXy ]nXmhmbn¯ocp¶p (sbi¿ 9:6). kzÀK¯n At\IapÅ aäp ]nXrXz§tfmsS¸w Ah\pw Xsâ Øm\w ]nSn¡p¶p (Fs^ 3:14).

AXp \nan¯w Rm³ kzÀK¯nepw `qanbnepapÅ kIe IqSpw_¯n\pw t]À hcphm³ ImcW¡mc\mb ]nXmhnsâ k¶n[nbn ap«pIp¯p¶p.

IpSpw_w F¶ hm¡v Patria AYhm ]nXrXzamIp¶p. AXn\m ]nXmhv F¶Xv km[mcW IpSpw_§fptSXmbmepw

ssZhIpSpw_¯ntâXmbmepw ]nXmhn\v IpSpw_t¯mSpÅ BXy´nI D¯chmZnXzs¯ ImWn¡p¶XmWv. GXp ]pcpjtâbpw Xe {InkvXp. kv{Xobps#S Xe ]pcpj³, {InkvXphnsâ Xe ssZhw F¶v \n§Ä AdnbWw (1 sImdn 11:3). ssZhw, {InkvXp, IpSpw_¯eh³ F¶mWv {Iaw. ssZhw {InkvXphnt\mSpw aäp ssZh]p{X·mtcmSpw Xsâ D¯chmZn¯w \ndthäp¶Xpt]mse IpSpw_ \mY·mcpw D¯chmZn¯w \ndthäWw. ssZhw ‘Ctemlnw’Bb ssZh]p{X·mtcmSv D¯chmZnXzw \ndthäp¶Xp t]mse Ctemlnw Bb AhÀ AhÀ¡p IognepÅhtcmSpw D¯chmZnXzw \ndthäp¶p.

Cu LSI§sfsbÃmw ]ckv]cw _Ôn¸n¡pIbpw Ctemlnw BIm³ th­ Ignhv AhÀt¡mtcmcp¯À¡pw \ÂIpIbpw sN¿p¶Xv ]cnip²mßmhmWv. HcÀ°¯nepw ]cnip²mßmhv ssZhamsW¶v ]dbmhp¶XÃ. FÃm ssZh]p{X·mcpw {InkvXphnt\msSm¸w ssZhcmPy¯n\v Iq« AhIminIfmIp¶p. ssZhw kIe¯nepw kIeambncn¡m\pÅ am[yaamWv ]cnip²mßmhv. AXn\m ]cnip²mßmhns\ Bcm[n¡p¶Xv HcÀ°¯n kzbw Bcm[n¡emIp¶p.

]cnip²mßmhv hyànbpsS Xs¶ Hcp `mKamIbm AXns\ Bcm[n¡p¶Xv Bßmcm[\ F¶ \nebn \njn²amIp¶p. AXv ssZhoIamb Hcp iànhntijtam KpWhntijtam F¶Xne¸pdw ssZhw Xs¶bmsW¶v IcpXn¡qSm. \mw Ctemlnw BIbm Ignhv \ap¡v \ÂIp¶Xv ]cnip²mßmhmWv.

ssZhXXzw F¶Xv Hcp kwLs¯ (Council) apgph³ DÄs¡mÅp¶ Hcp LS\bmWv. k¦oÀ¯\§fnepw aäp ss__nÄ `mK§fnhpw Cu kwLs¯ ssZh¯nsâ knwlmk\¯n\v XmsgbpÅXmbn ]cmaÀin¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. shfn]mSv 4:1 apX 5:14 hscbpÅ `mK¯v CXns\ aq¸·mcpsS kwLw F¶mWv ]dªn«pÅXv. Cu kwL¯n IpªmSmb tbip{InkvXphpw alm]ptcmlnX\pw DÄs¸Sp¶p (F{_ 8:1þ2). AhÀ kÀhià\mb ssZhs¯ tkhn¨pw Bcm[n¨pw Ccn¡p¶p (shfn 4:8þ11). ssZhs¯ tkhn¡p¶Xn Hmtcm ]ptcmlnX\pw _enbmbn Fs´¦nepw AÀ¸nt¡­Xp­v. {InkvXp Xsâ Poh\mWv ssZh¯n\p kaÀ¸n¨Xv (F{_m 8:3).

kzÀK¯n knwlmk\§fn Ccn¡p¶ aq¸·mcptSbpw apIfn Hcp knwlmk\¯n kÀhià\mb ssZhw Ccn¡p¶Xmbn shfn]mSv 4:8þ11 ]dbp¶p. Ghsâ CÑbv¡\pkrXambmtWm FÃm hkvXp¡fpw krjvSn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶Xv B kÀhià\mb ssZh¯n\v aq¸³amcpsS IncoS§Ä ASnbdhbv¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. aq¸³amcpsS kwL¯ntâbpw {InkvXphntâbpw IÀ¯mhmb ssZhamIp¶p Ah³.

ZqX·mcS§p¶ Ht«sd ssZh]p{X·mcp­v (Ct¿m_v 1:6, 2:1, 38:7; 1 k¦o 86:8þ10, 95:3, 98:4, 135:5). Ahsc Beme Elyon AYhm ]ctam¶Xsâ ]p{X·mÀ F¶mWv hntijn¸n¨n«pÅXv (Sabourim SJ, The Psalams: Their origin and Meaning, Alba House NY, PP 72-74 ImWpI). ssZh]p{X·msc¶ \nebn kzÀKZqX·mtcmsSm¸w a\pjycn sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcpw DÄs¸Sp¶p (tdmaÀ 8:14).

{InkvXp BZy PmX\pw FÃm krjvSnIÄ¡pw A{KP\pw BIp¶p. kzÀK¯nepw `qanbnepw DÅXpw ZriyambXpw AZriyambXpw knwlmk\§Ä BIs« IÀXr]Z§Ä BIs« hmgvNIÄ BIs« A[nImc§Ä BIs« kIehpw Ah³ apJm´ncw krjvSn¡s¸Spw. Ah³ apJm´nchpw Ah\mbn«pw kIehpw krjvSn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. Ah³ kIe¯n\pw aps¼bpÅh\pw kIe¯n\pw B[mcambh\pw BIp¶p (sImsem 1:16þ17). ]t£ Ahs\ D­m¡pIbpw krjvSn Ah\n \ne\n¡pIbpw D]Pohn¡pIbpw thWsa¶v B{Kln¡pIbpw sNbvXXv ssZhamIp¶p. AXn\m {InkvXp HcÀ°¯nepw ssZhaÃ. ]nXmhmb ssZhw am{XamWv AaÀXyXbpÅ ssZhw (1 Xntam 6:16).

ssZhw Xsâ GIPmX\mb ]p{Xs\ Ah\neqsS \mw Pohn¡p¶Xn\p th­n `qanbnte¡v Ab¨p (1 tbml 4:9). ssZhamWv {InkvXphns\ alXzs¸Sp¯nbXv (tbml 8:54).

ZqX·mÀ¡nSbn Hcphs\¶ \nebv¡pÅ Xsâ iànsb amänh¨v {InkvXp a\pjy\mbn. `uXnIambn ]dªm ZmhoZnsâ k´Xnbn \n¶pw P\n¨h\mIp¶p Ah³ (tdmaÀ 1:3). tbip {InkvXp AYhm \½psS IÀ¯mhv F¶ \nebn Ah³ acn¨n«v DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¡bm hnip²nbpsS Bßmhv kw_Ôn¨v ssZh]p{Xs\¶v iàntbmsS \nÀWbn¡s¸SpIbpw sNbvXp (tdma 1:4).

ssZhw Hcp ]md (DbÀ¶) bmIp¶p. Hcp IÂJ\n t]msetbm ]ÀhXw t]msetbm AXn \n¶pw asäÃmw J\ns¨Sp¡s¸Sp¶p. apJyhpw {]tbmP\{]Zhpamb ImcW§fm C{ktbepImsc tNemIÀ½w sN¿n¨Xv AXn \ns¶Sp¯ Xo¡ÃpIÄ sIm­mWv (BhÀ 32:4, Maimonedes, Guide of the Perpleited, University of Chicago press, 1965, Ch 16, pp 42 ff). ssZhw C{ktbensâ ]mdbmIp¶p. AhcpsS c£bpsS

]md (BhÀ 32:15), Ahsc P\n¸n¨ B ]md (BhÀ 32:18, 30þ31). 1 imapth 2:2 ]dbp¶Xv \½psS ssZhw \½psS ]mdsb¶mWv. imizXamb Hcp ]md (sbi¿ 26:4).Cu ]mdbn \n¶mWv asäÃmhtcbpw sIm¯nsbSp¯ncn¡p¶Xv. AXmbXv hnizmk¯n FÃmhcpw A{_lmansâ ]n³KmanIfmIp¶p (sbi¿ 51:1þ2). `qanbn Xsâ km{amPyw Øm]n¡m\mbn aninlmsb Dcphm¡nbXv CtX ]mdbn \n¶mIp¶p (Zm\n 2:34, 45). {InkvXp Xsâ k` ]Sp¯pbÀ¯p¶ Cu ]md Asæn ASnØm\w ]t{Xmtkm {InkvXpthm aämsc¦neptam AÃ, ssZhw Xs¶bmIp¶p (a¯m 16:18).

ssZh¯nsâ Beb¯nâ {][m\ aqe¡ÃmWv aninlm. sXcsªSp¡s¸«hÀ AYhm hnip²cn hnip²À ]cnip²mßmhnsâ B[mchpamIp¶p. {InkvXphns\ F¶ t]mse Cu Beb¯nsâ IÃpIfpw ssZhw F¶ ]mdbn \n¶mWv sh«n FSp¯ncn¡p¶Xv (1 sImdn 10:4). Bßob ]mdbmWv {InkvXphn\v \ÂIs¸«Xv. AXpsIm­mWv Ah³ ssZh¯nsâ Beb¯nsâ XpSÀ¨¡Ãpw XS§Â ]mdbpw h¨ncn¡p¶Xv (tdma 9:33). {InkvXp Bebw \nÀ½n¨p.  A§s\ ssZhw kIe¯nepw kIeambn hÀ¯n¡p¶p (Fs^ 4:6). FÃmhcnepw FÃmw BIm³ {InkvXphns\ \ntbmKn¨ncn¡p¶p (sImsem 3:11). ssZhw kIet¯bpw Ahsâ Im¡ognem¡pIbpw (1 sImdn 15:27) Ahs\ kIe¯nepw aosX Xebm¡n hbv¡pIbpw FÃmänepw FÃmw \ndbv¡p¶hsâ \ndhmbncn¡p¶ Ahsâ icocamb k`bv¡v Ahs\ sImSp¡pIbpw sNbvXncn¡p¶p (Fs^ 1:22þ23). ssZhw kIehpw Ah\v Iogm¡ns¡mSp¯ncn¡p¶p F¶p ]dªm kIet¯bpw Iogm¡ns¡mSp¯h³ HgntI F¶v kv]jvSw (1 sImdn 15:27).

F¶m kIehpw {InkvXphn\v Iogvs¸«ph¶ tijw ssZhw kIe¯nepw kIehpamtI­Xn\v {InkvXp Xs¶ kIehpw X\n¡v Iogm¡ns¡mSp¯v Iogvs¸«ncn¡pw (1 sImdn 15:28 BÀ Fkv ]n {]ImcaÃ). C{]Imcw ssZht¯bpw {InkvXphnt\bpw {XnXz¯n DÄt¨À¯psIm­pÅ  {`amßI kn²m´§Ä Xncpshgp¯pIÄ¡p hncp²amsW¶pw ImWmw. ssZh¯nsâ \nÀt±i{]Imcw {InkvXp ssZh¯nsâ heXp `mK¯v Ccn¡pw (G{_nb 1:3, 13, 8:1, 10:12, 12:2, 1 ]t{Xm 3:22). Ah³ ssZh¯nsâ knwlmk\w ]¦phbv¡pw. sXcsªSp¡s¸«hcmIs«, {InkvXphn\v \ÂInb knwlmk\w ]¦phbv¡pw (shfn 3:21). ZqXs\ Ab¨ ssZhw Ab¡s¸«ht\¡mÄ henbh\mIp¶p (tbml 13:16). Zmk³ bPam\s\¡mÄ henb Bfà (tbml 15:20). Hcp Pohn AXnsâ Xs¶ _enbmIpI F¶p ]dbp¶Xv At§bäw hnUvVn¯amIp¶p.

bpàn]cambn A¯cw Hcp {]hr¯n BßlXybmWv. Asæn {XnXzs¯ kw_Ôn¨p ]dªm kz´w AwK tOZw Xs¶bmWv. AXpsIm­v Cu kn²m´w ]p\cp°m\s¯, {]tXyIn¨pw 1 sImdn 15þ ]dbp¶ {]ImcapÅ ]p\cp°m\s¯ \ntj[n¡p¶p. AXn\m {Iqin¡s¸«Xnsâbpw ]p\cp°m\¯nsâbpw hyXykvXX \nÝnXhpw ]qÀWhpamWv. ]p\cp°m\w icoct¯mSp IqSn¯s¶bmbncp¶p. Asæn ]m]hntamN\tam XpSÀ¶psImt­bncn¡p¶ hnfshSpt¸m D­mIpIbnÃ. \½psS ]nXmhpw \½psS ssZhw Bb Ahsâ ssZh¯nte¡pÅ Ibdnt¸m¡n\v {InkvXphnsâ XbmsdSp¸v (tbml 20:17) bYmÀ°hpw khntijhpamIp¶p.   \½psS ]nXmhpw ssZhhpambh\pw Ahs³d ]nXmhpw ssZhhpambhs³d ASp¡tebv¡pÅ BtcmlW¯n\pÅ {InkvXphns³d X¿msdSp¸v bYmÀ°hpw khntijhpw Xs¶ BIp¶p.

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PO Box 369, WODEN ACT 2606, AUSTRALIA                    E-mail:   CCG Secretary

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]IÀ¸hImiw: Cu ss__nfnse DÅS¡w kuP\yambn ]IÀ¯mhp¶Xpw hnXcWw sN¿mhp¶XpamIp¶p. F¶m hyXnbm\w hcp¯pItbm GsX¦nepw `mK§Ä FSp¯pIfbpItbm sN¿m³ ]mSpÅXÃ. {]km[IcpsS t]cv, hnemkw, ]IÀ¸hImi ap¶dnbn¸v F¶nh ]IÀ¸pIfn \nÀ_Ôambpw ImWn¨ncn¡Ww. hnXcWw sN¿s¸« ]IÀ¸pIÄ¡v bmsXmcp NmÀPpw CuSm¡mhp¶XÃ. hnaÀi\teJ\§fnepw \ncq]W§fnepw ]IÀ¸hImiw ewLn¡m¯ Xc¯n CXn \n¶pw D²cWnIÄ D]tbmKn¡mhp¶XmWv.

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